Effects of reducing frequency of intrinsic knowledge of results on the learning of a motor skill

Perceptual and Motor Skills

Volumn 97, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 569-580

  Butki, Brian D ^a,c   Hoffman, Shirl J ^b  

^a S Illinois University Edwardsville   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT GREENSBORO   (United States)

^c SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY EDWARDSVILLE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEEDBACK SYSTEM; FEMALE; HUMAN; LONG TERM MEMORY; MALE; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REINFORCEMENT; SHORT TERM MEMORY; SPORT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; FEEDBACK; FEMALE; GOLF; HUMANS; KNOWLEDGE OF RESULTS (PSYCHOLOGY); MALE; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; MOTOR SKILLS; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; RETENTION (PSYCHOLOGY);

EID: 1542782595     PISSN: 00315125     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2466/pms.2003.97.2.569     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. DAMARJIAN, N. (1998) The short-term training effects of practice variability on posttraining performance of three golf skills with experienced golfers. Eugene, OR: Microform Publ.
2. HENDERSON, S. (1977) Role of feedback in the development and maintenance of a complex skill. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 3, 224-233.
3. LEE, T. D., WHITE, M. A., & CARNAHAN, H. (1990) On the role of knowledge of results in motor learning: exploring the guidance hypothesis. Journal of Motor Behavior, 22, 191-208.
4. LIU, J., & WRISBERG, C. A. (1997) The effect of knowledge of results delay and the subjective estimation of movement form on the acquisition and retention of a motor skill. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 68, 145-151.
5. MAGILL, R. A. (1994) The influence of augmented feedback on skill learning depends on characteristics of the skill and the learning. Quest, 46, 314-327.
6. MAGILL, R. A. (1998) Motor learning. (5th ed.) Boston, MA: WCB/McGraw-Hill.
7. MAGILL, R. A., CHAMBERLAIN, C., & HALL, K. (1991) Verbal knowledge of results as redundant information for learning an anticipation timing skill. Human Movement Science, 10, 485-507.
8. NEWELL, K. M. (1973) Flight feedback and learning a projectile task. Journal of Motor Behavior, 5, 65-72.
9. SALMONI, A. W., SCHMIDT, R. A., & WALTER, C. B. (1984) Knowledge of results and motor learning: a review and critical reappraisal. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 355-380.
10. SCHMIDT, R. A. (1991) Motor learning and performance. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
11. SCHMIDT, R. A., & BJORK, R. A. (1992) New conceptualizations of practice: common principles in three paradigms suggest new concepts for training. Psychological Science, 3, 207-217.
12. SCHMIDT, R. A., & WRISBERG, C. A. (2000) Motor learning and performance. (2nd ed.) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
13. SPARROW, W. A., & SUMMERS, J. J. (1992) Performance on trials without knowledge of results (KR) in reduced relative frequency presentations of KR. Journal of Motor Behavior, 24, 197-209.
14. SWINNEN, S. P., SCHMIDT, R. A., NICHOLSON, D. E., & SHAPIRO, D. C. (1990) Information feedback for skill acquisition: instantaneous knowledge of results degrades learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 706-716.
15. WINSTEIN, C. J., & SCHMIDT, R. A. (1990) Reduced frequency of knowledge of results enhances motor skill learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 677-691.