Thresholds of aeolian sand transport: Establishing suitable values

Sedimentology

Volumn 51, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 95-108

  Wiggs, G F S ^a   Atherton, R J ^a   Baird, A J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Critical threshold; Grain entrainment; Sand transport; Shear velocity; Time fraction equivalence method; Wind speed

Indexed keywords

ENTRAINMENT; EOLIAN PROCESS; SAND; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; WIND VELOCITY;

EID: 1542744870     PISSN: 00370746     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3091.2003.00613.x     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Anderson, R.S. and Haff, P.K. (1988) Simulation of eolian saltation. Science, 241, 820-822.
2. Anderson, R.S. and Haff, P.K. (1991) Wind modification and bed response during saltation of sand in air. Acta Mech. (Suppl.), 1, 21-51.
3. Arens, S.M. and van der Lee, G.E.M. (1995) Saltation sand traps for the measurement of aeolian transport in foredunes. Soil Technol., 8, 61-74.
4. Atherton, R., Baird, A.J. and Wiggs, G.F.S. (2001) Inter-tidal dynamics of surface moisture on a meso-tidal beach. J. Coastal Res., 17, 482-489.
5. Bagnold, R.A. (1941) The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes. Methuen, London.
6. Bauer, B.O., Sherman, D.J. and Wolcott, J.F. (1992) Sources of uncertainty in shear stress and roughness length estimates derived from velocity profiles. Prof. Geogr., 44, 453-464.
7. Bauer, B.O., Namikas, S.L. and Sherman, D.J. (1998) Event detection and conditional averaging in unsteady aeolian systems. J. Arid Environ., 39, 345-375.
8. Butterfield, G.R. (1991) Grain transport rates in steady and unsteady turbulent airflows. Acta Mech. (Suppl.), 1, 97-122.
9. Butterfield, G.R. (1993) Sand transport response to fluctuating wind velocity. In: Turbulence: Perspectives on Flow and Sediment in Transport (Eds N.J. Clifford, J.R. French and J. Hardisty). John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
10. Butterfield, G.R. (1998) Transitional behaviour of saltation: wind tunnel observations of unsteady winds. J. Arid Environ., 39, 377-394.
11. Butterfield, G.R. (1999) Application of thermal anemometry and high frequency measurement of mass flux to aeolian sediment transport research. Geomorphology, 29, 31-58.
12. Chepil, W.S. (1956) Influence of moisture on erodibility of soil by wind. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc., 20, 288-292.
13. van Dijk, P.M., Stroosnijder, L. and de Lima, J.L.M.P. (1996) The influence of rainfall on transport of beach sand by wind. Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 21, 341-352.
14. Fryrear, D.W., Stout, J.E., Hagen, L.J. and Vories, E.D. (1991) Wind erosion: field measurement and analysis. Trans. ASAE, 34, 155-160.
15. Gares, P.A., Davidson-Arnott, R.G.D., Bauer, B.O., Sherman, D.J., Carter, R.W.G., Jackson, D.W.T. and Nordstrom, K.F. (1996) Alongshore variations in aeolian sand transport: Carrick Finn Strand, Ireland. J. Coastal Aeolian Res., 12, 673-682.
16. Gillette, D.A., Herbert, G., Stockton, P.H. and Owen, P.R. (1996) Causes of the fetch effect in wind erosion. Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 21, 641-659.
17. Gillette, D.A. and Stockton, P.H. (1986) Mass, momentum and kinetic energy fluxes of saltating particles. In: Aeolian Geomorphology. Proceedings of the 17th Binghampton Symposium on Geomorphology (Ed. W.G. Nickling), pp. 35-56. Allen & Unwin, Boston.
18. Grass, A.J. (1970) Initial instability of fine bed sand. J. Hydraul. Eng., 96, 619-632.
19. Grass, A.J. (1983) The influence of boundary layer turbulence on the mechanics of sediment transport. In: Mechanics of Sediment Transport. Proceedings Euromech 156 (Eds B.M. Sumer and A. Müller), pp. 3-18. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
20. Horikawa, K., Hotta, S. and Kubota, S. (1982) Experimental study of blown sand on a wetted sand surface. Coastal Eng. Japan, 25, 177-195.
21. Jackson, D.W.T. (1996) Potential inertial effects in aeolian sand transport: preliminary results. Sed. Geol., 106, 193-201.
22. Jackson, D.W.T. and McCloskey, J. (1997) Preliminary results from a field investigation of aeolian sand transport using high resolution wind and transport measurements. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 163-166.
23. Kawamura, R. (1951) Study on sand movement by wind. Reports of the Institute of Science and Technology 5. University of Tokyo, Tokyo.
24. McEwan, I.K. and Willets, B.B. (1991) Numerical model of the saltation cloud. Acta Mech. (Suppl.), 1, 53-66.
25. McEwan, I.K. and Willets, B.B. (1993) Adaptation of the near-surface wind to aeolian sand transport. J. Fluid Mech., 252, 99-115.
26. McKenna-Neuman, C., Nickling, W.G. and Lancaster, N. (2000) The effect of unsteady winds upon sediment transport intermittency along the stoss slope of a reversing dune, Silver Peak, Nevada. Sedimentology, 46, 1103-1113.
27. Nickling, W.G. (1989) The initiation of particle movement by wind. Sedimentology, 35, 499-511.
28. Nordstrom, K.F. and Jackson, N.L. (1992) Effect of source width and tidal elevation changes on aeolian transport on an estuarine beach. Sedimentology, 39, 769-778.
29. Ranwell, D.S. and Boar, R. (1986) Coastal Dune Management Guide. Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Huntingdon, 105 pp.
30. Rasmussen, K.R. and Sørensen, M. (1999) Aeolian mass transport near the saltation threshold. Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 24, 413-422.
31. Sterk, G. and Jacobs, A.F.G. and van Boxel, J.H. (1998) The effect of turbulent flow structures on saltation sand transport in the atmospheric boundary layer. Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 23, 877-887.
32. Stockton, P.H. and Gillette, D.A. (1990) Field measurement of the sheltering effect of vegetation on erodible land surfaces. Land Degrad. Rehabil., 2, 77-85.
33. Stout, J.E. (1998) Effect of averaging time on the apparent threshold for aeolian transport. J. Arid Environ., 39, 395-401.
34. Stout, J.E. and Zobeck, T.M. (1996) Establishing the threshold condition for soil movement in wind-eroding fields. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Air Pollution from Agricultural Operations. MWPS C-3, Kansas City, 7-9 February 1996, pp. 65-71.
35. Stout, J.E. and Zobeck, T.M. (1997) Intermittent saltation. Sedimentology, 44, 959-970.
36. Wiggs, G.F.S., Baird, A.J. and Atherton, R.J. The dynamic effects of moisture on the entrainment and transport of sand by wind. Geomorphology (in press).
37. Zingg, A.W. (1953) Wind tunnel studies of the movement of sedimentary material. In: Proceedings 5th Hydraulic Conference, Iowa City. Bull. Inst. Hydrol., 34, 111-135.