Neural, Metabolic, and Performance Adaptations to Four Weeks of High Intensity Sprint-Interval Training in Trained Cyclists

International Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 92-98

  Creer, A R ^a   Ricard, M D ^a   Conlee, R K ^a   Hoyt, G L ^a   Parcell, A C ^a  

^a BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cycling; Electromyography; Motor unit activation; Peak power; Plasma lactate concentration; Recovery; Total work

Indexed keywords

LACTIC ACID;

ADAPTATION; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYCLING; ELECTROMYOGRAM; HUMAN; LACTATE BLOOD LEVEL; METABOLISM; MOTOR UNIT; NORMAL HUMAN; PERFORMANCE; RANDOMIZATION; TRAINING; VASTUS LATERALIS MUSCLE; VASTUS MEDIALIS MUSCLE; WORK;

ADULT; BICYCLING; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EXERCISE; HUMANS; LACTIC ACID; PHYSICAL ENDURANCE; RANDOM ALLOCATION; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 1542721849     PISSN: 01724622     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819945     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Andersen JL, Klitgaard H, Saltin B. Myosin heavy chain isoforms in single fibres from m. vastus lateralis of sprinters: influence of training. Acta Physiol Scand 1994; 151: 135-142
2. Bogdanis GC, Nevill ME, Lakomy HK, Graham CM, Louis G. Effects of active recovery on power output during repeated maximal sprint cycling. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1996; 74: 461-469
3. Burke ER. Physiological characteristics of competitive cyclists. Phys Sportsmed 1980; 8: 78-84
4. Coyle EF, Feiring DC, Rotkis TC, Cote RW 3rd, Roby FB, Lee W. Specificity of power improvements through slow and fast isokinetic training. J Appl Physiol 1981; 51: 1437-1442
5. Coyle EF, Feltner ME, Kautz SA, Hamilton MT, Montain SJ, Baylor AM. Physiological and biomechanical factors associated with elite endurance cycling performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1991; 23: 93-107
6. Dawson B, Fitzsimons M, Green S, Goodman C, Carey M, Cole K. Changes in performance, muscle metabolites, enzymes and fibre types after short sprint training. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1998; 78: 163-169
7. DeLuca C. The use of electromyography in biomechanics. J Appl Biomech 1997; 13: 135-163
8. Enoka RM. Neural adaptations with chronic physical activity. J Biomech 1997; 30: 447-455
9. Harmer AR, McKenna MJ, Sutton JR, Snow RJ, Ruell PA, Booth J. Skeletal muscle metabolic and ionic adaptations during intense exercise following sprint training in humans. J Appl Physiol 2000; 89: 1793-1803
10. Harridge SD, Bottinelli R, Canepari M, Pellegrino M, Reggiani C, Esbjornsson M. Sprint training, in vitro and in vivo muscle function, and myosin heavy chain expression. J Appl Physiol 1998; 84: 442-449
11. Jeukendrup AE, Craig NP, Hawley JA. The bioenergetics of World Class Cycling. J Sci Med Sport 2000; 3: 414-433
12. Kraemer WJ, Fleck SJ, Evans WJ. Strength and power training: physiological mechanisms of adaptation. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1996; 24: 363-397
13. MacDougall JD, Hicks AL, MacDonald JR, McKelvie RS, Green HJ, Smith KM. Muscle performance and enzymatic adaptations to sprint interval training. J Appl Physiol 1998; 84: 2138-2142
14. MacIsaac D, Parker PA, Scott RN. The short-time Fourier transform and muscle fatigue assessment in dynamic contractions. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2001; 11: 439-449
15. Milner-Brown HS, Stein RB, Lee RG. Synchronization of human motor units: possible roles of exercise and supraspinal reflexes. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1975; 38: 245-254
16. Moritani T, deVries HA. Neural factors versus hypertrophy in the time course of muscle strength gain. Am J Phys Med 1979; 58: 115-130
17. Paavolainen L, Hakkinen K, Hamalainen I, Nummela A, Rusko H. Explosive-strength training improves 5-km running time by improving running economy and muscle power. J Appl Physiol 1999; 86: 1527-1533
18. Pincivero DM, Campy RM, Salfetnikov Y, Bright A, Coelho AJ. Influence of contraction intensity, muscle, and gender on median frequency of the quadriceps femoris. J Appl Physiol 2001; 90: 804-810
19. Sale DG. Influence of exercise and training on motor unit activation. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1987; 15: 95-151
20. Sale DG. Neural adaptation to resistance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1988; 20 (5 Suppl): 135-145
21. Sharp RL, Costill DL, Fink WJ, King DS. Effects of eight weeks of bicycle ergometer sprint training on human muscle buffer capacity. Int J Sports Med 1986; 7: 13-17
22. Simon J, Young JL, Blood DK, Segal KR, Case RB, Gutin B. Plasma lactate and ventilation thresholds in trained and untrained cyclists. J Appl Physiol 1986; 60: 777-781
23. Sleivert GG, Backus RD, Wenger HA. The influence of a strength-sprint training sequence on multi-joint power output. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27: 1655-1665
24. Tanaka H, Bassett DR Jr, Swensen TC, Sampedro RM. Aerobic and anaerobic power characteristics of competitive cyclists in the United States Cycling Federation. Int J Sports Med 1993; 14: 334-338
25. Wilber RL, Zawadzki KM, Kearney JT, Shannon MP, Disalvo D. Physiological profiles of elite off-road and road cyclists. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997; 29: 1090-1094
26. Yao W, Fuglevand RJ, Enoka RM. Motor-unit synchronization increases EMG amplitude and decreases force steadiness of simulated contractions. J Neurophysiol 2000; 83: 441-452
27. Zhou S, McKenna MJ, Lawson DL, Morrison WE, Fairweather I. Effects of fatigue and sprint training on electromechanical delay of knee extensor muscles. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1996; 72: 410-416