Retrospective analysis of historical, clinical, ultrasonographic, serum biochemical and haematological data in prognostic evaluation of equine liver disease

Equine Veterinary Journal

Volumn 35, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 542-547

  Durham, A E ^a   Newton, J R ^b   Smith, K C ^b   Hillyer, M H ^c,e   Hillyer, L L ^c,d   Smith, M R W ^d,e   Marr, C M ^d,f  

^a LIPHOOK EQUINE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b ANIMAL HEALTH TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^d ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE   (United Kingdom)

^e Greenwood Ellis and Partners   (United Kingdom)

^f Beaufort Cottage Equine Hospital   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Biochemical; Clinical; Haematological; Horse; Liver; Prognosis; Ultrasonography

Indexed keywords

ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; CREATININE; FIBRINOGEN; GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; SERUM GLOBULIN; UREA; BILE ACID; SERUM ALBUMIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; DISEASE SEVERITY; ECHOGRAPHY; ERYTHROCYTOSIS; FEMALE; FIBRINOGEN BLOOD LEVEL; HEMATOLOGY; HEMOSIDEROSIS; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HORSE DISEASE; LEUKOCYTOSIS; LIVER; LIVER DISEASE; LIVER FIBROSIS; MALE; NONHUMAN; PROGNOSIS; SURVIVAL; UREA BLOOD LEVEL; ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; BLOOD; BLOOD ANALYSIS; BLOOD EXAMINATION; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; ENZYMOLOGY; HORSE; METABOLISM; MORTALITY; PATHOLOGY; PREDICTION AND FORECASTING; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK;

ANIMALIA; EQUIDAE; EQUUS CABALLUS;

ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ANIMALS; BILE ACIDS AND SALTS; BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; FEMALE; GAMMA-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; HEMATOLOGIC TESTS; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HORSE DISEASES; HORSES; LIVER; LIVER DISEASES; MALE; ODDS RATIO; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROGNOSIS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SERUM ALBUMIN; SERUM GLOBULINS; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; UREA;

EID: 1542708861     PISSN: 04251644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2746/042516403775467324     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Barton, M.H. and Morris, D.D. (1998) Diseases of the liver. In: Equine Internal Medicine, Eds: S.M. Reed and W.M. Bayly, W.B. Saunders Co., London. pp 707-738.
2. Bortell, R., Asquith, R.L., Edds, G.T., Simpson, C.F. and Aller, W.W. (1983) Acute experimentally induced aflatoxicosis in the weanling pony. Am. J. vet. Res. 44, 2110-2114.
3. Buonanno, A.M., Carlson, G.P. and Kantrowitz, B. (1988) Clinical and diagnostic features of portosystemic shunt in a foal. J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 192, 387-389.
4. Burgart, L.J., Batts, K.P., Ludwig, J., Nikias, G.A. and Czaja, A.J. (1995) Recent-onset autoimmune hepatitis. Biopsy findings and clinical correlations. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 19, 699-708.
5. Bustamante, J., Rimola, A., Ventura, P.J., Navasa, M., Cirera, I., Reggiardo, V. and Rodes, J. (1999) Prognostic significance of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. J. Hepatol. 30, 890-895.
6. Byars, T.D. (1983) Chronic liver failure in horses. Comp. cont. Educ. pract. Vet. 5, S423-S430.
7. Cornick, J.L., Carter, K. and Bridges, C.H. (1988) Kleingrass-associated hepatotoxicosis in horses. J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 193, 932-935.
8. Curran, J.M., Sutherland, R.J. and Peet, R.L. (1996) A screening test for subclinical liver disease in horses affected by pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicosis. Aust. vet. J. 74, 236-240.
9. Divers, T.J., Bernard, W.V. and Reef, V.B. (1988) Equine liver disease and liver failure - causes, diagnosis and treatment. In: Proceedings of the 10th Bain-Fallon Memorial Lecture. 35-46.
10. Durando, M.M., MacKay, R.J., Staller, G.S., Cooper, B.J., Ginn, P.E. and Meneghetti, N. (1995) Septic cholangiohepatitis and cholangiocarcinoma in a horse. J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 206, 1018-1021.
11. Durham, A.E., Smith, K.C., Newton, J.R., Hillyer, M.H., Hillyer. L.L., Smith, M.R.W. and Marr, C.M. (2003) Development and application of a scoring system for prognostic evaluation of equine liver biopsies. Equine vet. J. 35, 534-540.
12. Eades, S.C. and Bounous, D.I. (1997) Hepatic diseases. In: Laboratory Profiles of Equine Diseases. Mosby, London. pp 241-253.
13. Engelking, L.R., Anwer, M.S. and Lofstedt, J. (1985) Hepatobiliary transport of indocyanine green and sulfobromophthalein in fed and fasted horses. Am. J. vet. Res. 46, 2278-2284.
14. Engelking, L.R. and Paradis, M.R. (1987) Evaluation of hepatobiliary disorders. Vet. Clin. N. Am.: Equine Pract. 3, 563-583.
15. Giesecke, P.R. (1986) Serum biochemistry in horses with Echium poisoning. Aust. vet. J. 63, 90-91.
16. Gopinath, C., Ford, E.J.H. and Jones, R.S. (1972) The effects of chloroform or halothane on horse liver in the early stage of ragwort poisoning. J. Pathol. Bacteriol. 107, 253-263.
17. Guglick, M.A., MacAllister, C.G., Ely, R.W. and Edwards, W.C. (1995) Hepatic disease associated with administration of tetanus antitoxin in eight horses. J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 206, 1737-1740.
18. Gulick, B.A., Knight, H.D. and Rogers, Q.R. (1979) Use of plasma amino acid patterns in liver disease of the horse. Californ. Vet. 33, 21-23.
19. Gulick, B.A., Liu, I.K.M., Qualls, C.W., Gribble, D.H. and Rogers, Q.R. (1980) Effect of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatic disease on plasma amino acid patterns in the horse. Am. J. vet. Res. 41, 1894-1898.
20. Hoffmann, W.E., Baker, G., Rieser, S. and Dorner, J.L. (1987) Alterations in selected serum biochemical constituents in equids after induced hepatic disease. Am. J. vet. Res. 48, 1343-1347.
21. Leonard, T.B., Neptun, D.A. and Popp, J.A. (1984) Serum gamma glutamyl transferase as a specific indicator of bile duct lesions in the rat liver. Am. J. Pathol. 116, 262-269.
22. Lessard, P., Wilson, W.D., Olander, H.J., Rogers, Q.R. and Mendel, V.E. (1986) Clinicopathologic study of horses surviving pyrrolizidine alkaloid (Senecio vulgaris) toxicosis. Am. J. vet. Res. 47, 1776-1780.
23. Maddison, J.E. (1992) Hepatic encephalopathy. Current concepts of the pathogenesis. J. vet. int. Med. 6, 341-353.
24. Matteeuws, D.R., Kaneko, J.J., Loy, R.G., Cornelius, C.E. and Wheat, J.D. (1966) Compartmentalisation and turnover of 131-I-labelled albumen and gamma globulin in horses. Am. J. vet. Res. 27, 699-705.
25. McGorum, B.C., Murphy, D., Love, S. and Milne, E.M. (1999) Clinicopathological features of equine primary hepatic disease: a review of 50 cases. Vet. Rec. 145, 134-139.
26. Mendel, V.E., Witt, M.R., Gitchell, B.S., Gribble, D.N., Rogers, Q.R., Segall, H.J. and Knight, H.D. (1988) Pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced liver disease in horses: an early diagnosis. Am. J. vet. Res. 49, 572-578.
27. Noonan, N.E. (1981) Variations of plasma enzymes in the pony and the dog after carbon tetrachloride administration. Am. J. vet. Res. 42, 674-678.
28. Parraga, M.E., Carlson, G.P. and Thurmond, M. (1995) Serum protein concentrations in horses with severe liver disease: a retrospective study and review of the literature. J. vet. int. Med. 9, 154-161.
29. Pearson, E.G. and Craig, A.M. (1980) The diagnosis of liver disease in equine and food animals. Part II. Mod. vet. Pract. 61, 315-320.
30. Pearson, E.G. and Craig, A.M. (1993) Serum bile acids for diagnosis of chronic liver disease in horses. Proc. Am. coll. vet. int. Med. 4, 1071-1075.
31. Rantanen, N.W. (1986) Diseases of the liver. Vet. Clin. N. Am.: Equine Pract. 2, 105-114.
32. Simpson, J.W. and Else, R.W. (1987) Diagnostic value of tissue biopsy in gastrointestinal and liver disease. Vet. Rec. 120, 230-233.
33. Sorbi, D., McGill, D.B., Thistle, J.L., Therneau, T.M., Henry, J.B. and Lindor, K.D. (2000) An assessment of the role of liver biopsies in asymptomatic patients with chronic liver test abnormalities. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 95, 3206-3210.
34. Stockham, S.L. (1995) Interpretation of equine serum biochemical profile results. Vet. Clin. N. Am.: Equine Pract. 11, 391-414.
35. Tennant, B.C., Evans, C.D., Schwartz, L.W., Gribble, D.H. and Kanecko, J.J. (1973) Equine hepatic insufficiency. Vet. Clin. N. Am.: Equine Pract. 3, 279-289.
36. West, H.J. (1996) Clinical and pathological studies in horses with hepatic disease. Equine vet. J. 28, 146-156.