Muscle activation and movement responses in youth with and without mental retardation

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

Volumn 74, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 319-323

  Horvat, Michael ^a   Ramsey, Vincent ^a   Amestoy, Ryan ^a   Croce, Ron ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE   (United States)

Author keywords

Movement; Muscle recruitment; Wqcognitive delays

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; LEG; MALE; MENTAL DEFICIENCY; MOVEMENT (PHYSIOLOGY); PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; REACTION TIME; REFLEX RECRUITMENT; SKELETAL MUSCLE;

ADOLESCENT; HUMANS; LEG; MALE; MENTAL RETARDATION; MOVEMENT; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; REACTION TIME; RECRUITMENT, NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL;

EID: 1542500135     PISSN: 02701367     EISSN: 21683824     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2003.10609097     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. American Association on Mental Retardation (1992). Mental retardation, definition, clasrification, and system of supports (9th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Anson, J. G., & Mawston, G. A. (2000). Patterns of muscle activation in simple reaction-time tests. In D. J. Weeks, R. Chuo, & D. Elliott, (Eås.), Perceptual-motor behavior in Down syndrome (pp. 46-67). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
3. Aruin, A. S., Almeida, G. L., & Latash, M. L. (1996). Organization of a simple twojoint synergy in individuals with Down syndrome. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 101, 256–268.
4. Basmajian, J. V., & DeLuca, C. J. (1985). Muscles alive: Their functions revealed by electromyography. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
5. Cowling, E. J., & Steele, J. R. (2001). Is lower limb synchrony during landing affected by gender? Implications for variations in ACL injury rates. Journal of Electromyraphy and Kinesiology, 11, 262–268.
6. Cram, J. R., & Kasman, G. S. (1998). Introduction to surface electromyography. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishing.
7. Croce, R., Miller, J., Confessore, R., &Vailas, J. (1998). Reciprocal coactivation patterns of the lateral and medial quadriceps and hamstrings during low- and moderatespeed isokinetic movement, foumal of Sports Rehabilitation, 7, 182–196.
8. Davis, W. E. (1987). Evidence for muscle activation deficiency in mentally handicapping conditions. In M. E. Berridge & G. R. Ward (Eds.), International perspectives on adapted physical activity (pp. 53-64), Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
9. Davis, W. E., Sparrow, W. A., & Ward, T. (1991). Fractionated reaction times and movement times of Down syndrome, and other adults with mental retardation. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 8, 221–233.
10. Horvat, M., & Croce, R. (1995). Physical rehabilitation of individuals with mental retardation: Physical fitness and information processing. Critical Reviews in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 3, 233–252.
11. Horvat, M., Croce, R., Pitetti, K. H., & Fernhall, B. (1999). Comparison of isokinetic peak force and work parameters in youth with and without mental retardation. Medicine sf Science in Sports s’ Exercise, 31, 1190–1195.
12. Horvat, M., Pitetti, K. H., & Croce, R. (1997). Isokinetic torque, average power, and flexion/extension ratios in nondisabled adults and adults with mental retardation. Journal of Orthopedic Sports Physical Therapy, 25, 395–399.
13. Inui, N., Yamanishi, M., & Tada, S. (1995). Simple reaction times and timing of serial reactions of adolescents with mental retardation, autism, and Down syndrome. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 81, 739–745.
14. Jackson, A. S., & Pollock, M. L. (1978). Generalized equations for predicting body density in men. British Journal of Nutrition, 40, 497–504.
15. Kirk, R. E. (1990). Statistics: An introduction (3rd ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, pp. 123-134.
16. LeClair, D. A., & Elliott, D. (1995). Verbal and visual advance information in the preparation of movement in adults with Down syndrome. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 12, 239–249.
17. LeClair, D. A., Pollock, B. J., & Elliott, D. (1993). Movement preparation in adults with and without Down syndrome. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 90, 472–475.
18. Levene, H. (1960). Contributions to probability and statistics: Essays in honor of Harold Hotellig. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford U niversity Press.
19. Lieber, R. L. (1992). Skeletal muscle structure and function: Implications for rehabilitation and sports medicine. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
20. Magill, R. A. (2001). Motor learning: Concepts and applications (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
21. Miller, J., Croce, R., & Hutchins, R. (2000). Reciprocal coactivation patterns of the medial lateral quadriceps and hamstrings during slow, medium, and high speed isokinetic movements, foumal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 10, 233–239.
22. Nettlebeck, T. (1980). Factors affecting reaction time: Mental retardations, brain damage and other psychopathologies. In A. J. Welford (Ed.), Reaction time (pp. 355-440). New York: Academic Press.
23. Norkin, C. C., & Levangie, P. K. (1992). Joint structure and function: A comprehensive analysis (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
24. Pitetti, K. H., Climstein, M., Mays, M. J., & Barrett, P. J. (1992). The isokinetic arm and leg strength of adults with Down syndrome: A comparative study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 13, 847–850.
25. Saccuzzo, D. P., & Michael, B. (1984). Speed of informationprocessing and structional limitations by mental retarded and dual-diagnosed retarded-schizophrenic persons. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 89(2), 187-194.
26. Un, N., & Erbahceci, F. (2000). The evaluation of reaction time on mentally retarded children. Pediatric Rehabilitation, 4, 1–4.
27. Westbury, J. R, & Shaughnessy, T. G. (1987). Associations between spectral representation of the surface electromyogram and fiber type distribution in human Masseter muscle. Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 67, 402–411.