Stroop interference and color-word similarity

Psychological Science

Volumn 7, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 150-157

  Klopfer, Dale S ^a  

^a BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 1542471801     PISSN: 09567976     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00348.x     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Cohen, J.D., Dunbar, K., & McClelland, J.L. (1990). On the control of automatic processes: A parallel distributed processing account of the Stroop effect. Psychological Review, 97, 332-361.
2. Dalrymple-Alford, E.C. (1972). Associative facilitation and interference in the Stroop color-word task. Perception & Psychophysics, 11, 274-276.
3. Dyer, F.N. (1973). Same and different judgments for word-color pairs with "irrelevant" words or colors: Evidence for word-code comparisons. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 98, 102-108.
4. Eriksen, C.W., & St. James, J.D. (1986). Visual attention within and around the field of focal attention: A zoom lens model. Perception & Psychophysics, 40, 225-240.
5. Flowers, J.H. (1975). "Sensory" interference in a word-color matching task. Perception & Psychophysics, 18, 37-43.
6. Flowers, J.H., & Blair, B. (1976). Verbal interference with visual classification: Optimal processing and experimental design. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 7, 260-262.
7. Hintzman, D.L., Carre, F.A., Eskridge, V.L., Owens, A.M., Shaff, S.S., & Sparks, M.E. (1972). "Stroop" effect: Input or output phenomenon? Journal of Experimental Psychology, 95, 458-459.
8. Hock, H.S., & Egeth, H. (1970). Verbal interference with encoding in a perceptual classification task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 83, 299-303.
9. Klein, G.S. (1964). Semantic power measured through the interference of words with color-naming. American Journal of Psychology, 77, 576-578.
10. Lindsay, D.S., & Jacoby, L.L. (1994). Stroop process dissociations: The relationship between facilitation and interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20, 219-234.
11. Loftus, G.R., & Masson, M.E.J. (1994). Using confidence intervals in within-subject designs. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 1, 476-490.
12. Logan, G.D. (1980). Attention and automaticity in Stroop and priming tasks: Theory and data. Cognitive Psychology, 12, 523-553.
13. Lupker, S.J. (1979). The semantic nature of response competition in the picture-word interference task. Memory & Cognition, 7, 485-495.
14. MacLeod, C.M. (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 163-203.
15. MacLeod, C.M., & Dunbar, K. (1988). Training and Stroop-like interference: Evidence for a continuum of automaticity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, 126-135.
16. McNamara, T.P. (1986). Mental representations of spatial relations. Cognitive Psychology, 18, 87-121.
17. Miller, G.A., & Johnson-Laird, P.N. (1976). Language and perception. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
18. Neumann, K.M., & D'Agostino, P.R. (1981). Specificity of mental color codes. American Journal of Psychology, 94, 451-459.
19. Posner, M.I., & Snyder, C.R.R. (1975). Attention and cognitive control. In R.L. Solso (Ed.), Information processing and cognition: The Loyola Symposium (pp. 55-85). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
20. Proctor, R.W. (1978). Sources of color-word interference in the Stroop color-naming task. Perception & Psychophysics, 23, 413-419.
21. Rosch, E. (1975). The nature of mental codes for color categories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1, 303-322.
22. Seymour, P.H. (1977). Conceptual encoding and locus of the Stroop effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 29, 245-265.
23. Shepard, R.N. (1958). Stimulus and response generalization: Tests of a model relating generalization to distance in psychological space. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55, 509-523.
24. Shimamura, A.P. (1987). Word comprehension and meaning: An analysis of English and Japanese orthographies. American Journal of Psychology, 100, 15-40.
25. Sichel, J.L., & Chandler, K.A. (1969). The color-word interference test: The effects of varied color-word combinations upon verbal response latency. Journal of Psychology, 72, 219-231.
26. Sternheim, C.E., & Boynton, R.M. (1966). Uniqueness of perceived hues investigated with a continuous judgmental technique. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72, 770-776.
27. Stirling, N. (1979). Stroop interference: An input and an output phenomenon. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 31, 121-132.
28. Stroop, J.R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643-662.
29. te Linde, J., & Paivio, A. (1979). Symbolic comparison of color similarities. Memory & Cognition, 7, 141-148.
30. Tversky, A. (1977). Features of similarity. Psychological Review, 84, 327-352.
31. Woodworth, R.S. (1938). Experimental psychology. New York: Holt.