Supernumerary phantoms: A comment on Grossi, et al.'s (2002) spare thoughts on spare limbs

Perceptual and Motor Skills

Volumn 97, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 3-10

  Brugger, Peter ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGNOSIA; HALLUCINATION; HUMAN; NOMENCLATURE; NOTE; PARAPSYCHOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT;

HALLUCINATIONS; HUMANS; PARAPSYCHOLOGY; PHANTOM LIMB; TERMINOLOGY;

EID: 1542435434     PISSN: 00315125     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2466/pms.2003.97.1.3     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. BORS, E. (1951) Phantom limbs of patients with spinal cord injury, Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 66, 610-631.
2. BOTVINIK, M., & COHEN, J. (1998) Rubber hands "feel" touch that eyes see. Nature, 391, 756.
3. BRASIL-NETO, J. P., COHEN, L. G., PASCUAL-LEONE, A., JABIR, F. K., WALL, R. T., & HALLETT, M. (1992) Rapid reversible modulation of human motor outputs after transient deafferentation of the forearm: a study with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neurology, 42, 1302-1306.
4. BROCK, S., & MERWARTH, H. (1957) The illusory awareness of body parts in cerebral disease. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 11, 366-375.
5. BRUCE, R. (1999) Astral dynamics. Charlottesville, VA: Hampton Roads.
6. BRUGGER, P. (2002) Reflective mirrors: perspective-taking in autoscopic phenomenona. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 1, 179-194.
7. CANAVERO, S., BONICALZI, V., CASTELLANO, G., PEROZZO, P., & MASSA-MICON, B. (1999) Painful supernumerary phantom arm following motor cortex stimulation for central poststroke pain. Journal of Neurosurgery, 91, 121-123.
8. CONOMY, J. P. (1973) Disorders of body image after spinal cord injury. Neurology, 23, 842-950.
9. CRITCHLEY, M. (1953) The parietal lobes. New York: Hafner.
10. DAVIS, A. (1975) Pain and suffering after spinal cord injury. Clinical Orthopaedics, 112, 76-80.
11. DONNET, A., SCHMITT, A., PONCET, M., GRAZIANI, N., & GRISOLI, F. (1997) Hallucinations de membres surnuméraires, héminégligence gauche et hypersexualité dans un cas d'hématome capsulo-lenticulaire droit. Revue Neurologique, 153, 587-590.
12. EHRENWALD, H. (1930) Verändertes Erleben des Körperbildes mit konsekutiver Wahnbildung bei linksseitiger Hemiplegie. Monatsschrift für Psychiatrie and Neurologie, 75, 89-97.
13. ETTLIN, T., SEILER, W., & KAESER, H. E. (1980) Phantom and amputation illusions in paraplegic patients. European Neurology, 19, 12-19.
14. FISCHER, R. (1975) Raumfahrt der Seele. Erlebnisse im Umkreis der Mentalprojektion. Freiburg i. Br., Ger.: Bauer.
15. GERSTMANN, J. (1942) Problems of imperception of disease and of impaired body territories with organic lesions: relation to body schema and its disorders. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 48, 890-913.
16. GROSS, Y., & MELZACK, R. (1978) Dissociation of real and perceived limbs by pressure-cuff ischemia. Experimental Neurology, 61, 680-688.
17. GROSSI, D., DI CESARE, G., & TAMBURRO, R. P. (2002) On the syndrome of the "spare limb": one case. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 94, 476-478.
18. HALLIGAN, P. W., & MARSHALL, J. C. (1995) Supernumerary phantom limb after right hemisphere stroke. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 59, 341-342.
19. HALLIGAN, P. W., MARSHALL, J. C., & WADE, D. T. (1993) Three arms: a case study of supernumerary phantom limb after right hemisphere stroke. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 56, 159-166.
20. HARI, R., HÄNNINEN, R., MÄKINEN, T., JOUSMÄKI, V., FORSS, N., SEPPÄ, M., & SALONEN, O. (1998) Three hands: fragmentation of human bodily awareness. Neuroscience Letters, 240, 131-134.
21. HÉCAEN, H., & DE AJURIAGUERRA, J. (1952) Méconnaissances et hallucinations corporelles. Paris: Masson.
22. IRIKI, A., TANAKA, M., & IWAMURA, Y. (1996) Coding of modified body schema during tool use by macaque postcentral neurones. NeuroReport, 7, 2325-2330.
23. JALAVISTO, E. (1950) Adaptation in the phantom limb phenomenon as influenced by the age of the amputees. Journal of Gerontology, 5, 339-342.
24. JONES, L. A. (1988) Motor illusions: what do they reveal about proprioception? Psychological Bulletin, 103, 72-86.
25. LACKNER, J. R. (1988) Some proprioceptive influences on the perceptual representation of body shape and orientation. Brain, 111, 281-297.
26. LE CHAPELAIN, L., BEIS, J-M., PAYSANT, J., & ANDRE, J-M. (2001) Vestibular caloric stimulation evokes phantom limb illusions in patients with paraplegia. Spinal Cord, 39, 85-87.
27. LEM, S. (1981) Summa technologiae. Frankfurt a.M., Ger,: Suhrkamp.
28. MAYER-GROSS, W. (1929) Ein Fall von Phantomarm nach Plexuszerreissung. Nervenarzt, 2, 65-72.
29. MAYEUX, R., & BENSON, D. F. (1979) Phantom limb and multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 29, 724-726.
30. MCGONIGLE, D. T., HÄNNINEN, R., SALENIUS, S., HARI, R., FRACKOWIAK, R. S. J., & FRITH, C. D. (2002) Whose arm is it anyway? An fMRI case study of supernumerary phantom limb. Brain, 125, 1265-1274
31. MELZACK, R., & BROMAGE, P. R. (1973) Experimental phantom limbs. Experimental Neurology, 39, 261-269.
32. MIKOREY, M. (1952) Phantome und Doppelgänger. München: Lehmann.
33. MONROE, R. A. (1971) Journeys out of the body. New York: Doubleday.
34. MOORE, C. I., STERN, C. E., DUNBAR, C., KOSTYK, S. K., GEHI, A., & CORKIN, S. (2000) Referred phantom sensations and cortical reorganization after spinal cord injury in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97, 14703-14708.
35. OHRY, A., GUR, S., & ZEILIG, G. (1989) "Duplicate limbs" sensation in acute traumatic quadriplegia. Paraplegia, 27, 257-260.
36. PARKER, S., & SCHILDER, P. (1930) Das Körperschema im Lift. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie, 128, 777-783.
37. PARSONS, L. M. (1987) Imagined spatial transformation of one's body. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 116, 172-191.
38. PAVANI, F., SPENCE, C., & DRIVER, J. (2000) Visual capture of touch: out-of-the-body experiences with rubber gloves. Psychological Science, 11, 353-359.
39. PINÉAS, H. (1932) Ein Fall von phantomähnlichen Erscheinungen ("Phantomarm") bei hemiplegischer Lähmung. Nervenarzt, 5, 233-236.
40. RAMACHANDRAN, V. S. (1995) Anosognosia in parietal lobe syndrome. Consciousness and Cognition, 4, 22-51.
41. RAMACHANDRAN, V. S., & HIRSTEIN, W (1997) Three laws of qualia. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 4, 429-457.
42. RAMACHANDRAN, V. S., STEWART, M., & ROGERS-RAMACHANDRAN, D. C. (1992) Perceptual correlates of massive cortical reorganization. NeuroReport, 3, 583-586.
43. REICHERT, K., & SEWEKOW, K. (2002) Der Mann mit den drei Armen: Phantomgliederleben bei einem intramedullären Ependymom. Nervenarzt, 73, 548-551.
44. RIDDOCH, G. (1941) Phantom limbs and body shape. Brain, 64, 197-222.
45. ROGERS, M. J. C., & FRANZEN, M. D. (1992) Delusional reduplication following closed-head injury. Brain Injury, 6, 469-476.
46. ROTH, N. (1944) Unusual types of anosognosia and their relation to the body image. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 100, 35-43.
47. SELLAL, F., RENASEAU-LECLERC, C., & LABRECQUE, R. (1996) L'homme à six bras. Un examen de membres fantômes surnuméraires après ramollissement sylvien droit. Revue Neurologique, 152, 190-195.
48. SIDDALL, P. J., & MCCLELLAND, J. (1999) Non-painful sensory phenomenona after spinal cord injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 66, 617-622.
49. TODD, J., & DEWHURST, K. (1955) The double: its psychopathology and psycho-physiology. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 122, 47-55.
50. VUILLEUMIER, P. (2000) Anosognosia. In J. Bogousslavsky & T. L. Cummings (Eds.), Behavior and mood disorders in focal brain lesions. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univer. Press. Pp. 465-519.
51. VUILLEUMIER, P., REVERDIN, A., & LANDIS, T. (1997) Four legs: illusory reduplication of the lower limbs after bilateral parietal damage. Archives of Neurology, 54, 1543-1547.
52. WEINSTEIN, E. A., KAHN, R. L., MALITZ, S., & ROZANSKI, J. (1954) Delusional reduplication of parts of the body. Brain, 11, 45-60.
53. WEINSTEIN, E. A., MALITZ, S., & BARKER, W. J. (1954) Denial of the loss of a limb. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 120, 27-30.
54. WORTHINGTON, A., & BEEVERS, L. (1996) Two arms, three hands: a supernumerary phantom phenomenon after right middle cerebral artery stroke. Neurocase, 2, 135-140.
55. ZACKS, T., RYPMA, B., GABRIELI, J., TVERSKY, B., & GLOVER, G. (1999) Imagined transformation of bodies: an fMRI study. Neuropsychologia, 37, 1029-1040.
56. ZUCKERMANN, M., & HOPKINS, T. R. (1966) Hallucinations or dreams? A study of arousal levels and reported visual sensations during sensory deprivation. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 22, 447-459.