메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 96, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 799-809

Oak savanna subhabitat variation and the population biology of Lycaeides melissa samuelis (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Author keywords

Conservation biology; Habitat heterogeneity; Lepidoptera; Lycaeides melissa samuelis; Population dynamics

Indexed keywords

BUTTERFLY; CANOPY; CONSERVATION; ENDANGERED SPECIES; HABITAT QUALITY; POPULATION DYNAMICS;

EID: 1542377635     PISSN: 00138746     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1603/0013-8746(2003)096[0799:OSSVAT]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (22)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0010598307 scopus 로고
    • Research needs for management and recovery of Karner blue butterfly
    • D. A. Andow, R. J. Baker and C. P. Lane [eds.], Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
    • Andow, D. A., R. J. Baker, and C. P. Lane. 1994. Research needs for management and recovery of Karner blue butterfly, pp. 209-216. In D. A. Andow, R. J. Baker and C. P. Lane [eds.], Karner blue butterfly: a symbol of a vanishing landscape. Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN.
    • (1994) Karner Blue Butterfly: A Symbol of a Vanishing Landscape , pp. 209-216
    • Andow, D.A.1    Baker, R.J.2    Lane, C.P.3
  • 3
    • 0028680480 scopus 로고
    • Nectar source diversity as an indicator of habitat suitability for the endangered Uncompaghgre fritillary, Boloria acrocnema (Nymphalidae)
    • Britten, H. B., and L. Riley. 1994. Nectar source diversity as an indicator of habitat suitability for the endangered Uncompaghgre fritillary, Boloria acrocnema (Nymphalidae). J. Lepid. Soc. 48: 173-179.
    • (1994) J. Lepid. Soc. , vol.48 , pp. 173-179
    • Britten, H.B.1    Riley, L.2
  • 4
    • 0024191368 scopus 로고
    • Abundance and mortality of leaf miners on artificially shaded Emory oak
    • Bultman, T. L., and S. H. Faeth. 1988. Abundance and mortality of leaf miners on artificially shaded Emory oak. Ecol. Entomol. 13: 131-142.
    • (1988) Ecol. Entomol. , vol.13 , pp. 131-142
    • Bultman, T.L.1    Faeth, S.H.2
  • 5
    • 0003353453 scopus 로고
    • The location of monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus L.) overwintering colonies in Mexico in relation to topography and climate
    • Calvert, W. H., and L. P. Brower. 1986. The location of monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus L.) overwintering colonies in Mexico in relation to topography and climate. J. Lepid. Soc. 40: 164-187.
    • (1986) J. Lepid. Soc. , vol.40 , pp. 164-187
    • Calvert, W.H.1    Brower, L.P.2
  • 6
    • 0001988088 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral mechanisms of thermoregulation
    • B. Heinrich [ed.], Wiley, New York
    • Casey, T. M. 1981. Behavioral mechanisms of thermoregulation. In B. Heinrich [ed.], Insect Thermoregulation. Wiley, New York
    • (1981) Insect Thermoregulation
    • Casey, T.M.1
  • 8
    • 0002623476 scopus 로고
    • Egg-laying in Butterflies
    • R. Vane-Wright and P. Ackery [eds.], Academic, New York
    • Chew, F., and R. Robbins. 1984. Egg-laying in Butterflies, pp. 65-80. In R. Vane-Wright and P. Ackery [eds.], The Biology of Butterflies. Academic, New York.
    • (1984) The Biology of Butterflies , pp. 65-80
    • Chew, F.1    Robbins, R.2
  • 9
    • 0030948032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of spatial patterns in habitat quality on community dynamics within a site
    • Clarke, R. T., J. A. Thomas, G. W. Elmes, and M. E. Hochberg. 1997. The effects of spatial patterns in habitat quality on community dynamics within a site. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 264: 347-364.
    • (1997) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.264 , pp. 347-364
    • Clarke, R.T.1    Thomas, J.A.2    Elmes, G.W.3    Hochberg, M.E.4
  • 10
    • 0344619383 scopus 로고
    • Temporal dissociation and population regulation in certain Hesperiine butterflies
    • Clench, H. K. 1967. Temporal dissociation and population regulation in certain Hesperiine butterflies. Ecology 48: 1000-1006.
    • (1967) Ecology , vol.48 , pp. 1000-1006
    • Clench, H.K.1
  • 11
    • 0024186879 scopus 로고
    • Herbivory by leaf miners in response to experimental shading of a native crucifer
    • Collinge, S. K., and S. M. Louda. 1988. Herbivory by leaf miners in response to experimental shading of a native crucifer. Oecologia (Berl.). 75: 559-66.
    • (1988) Oecologia (Berl.) , vol.75 , pp. 559-566
    • Collinge, S.K.1    Louda, S.M.2
  • 12
    • 85051617317 scopus 로고
    • Mother doesn't know best: Selection of hosts by ovipositing insects
    • E. A. Bernays [ed.], CRC, Boca Raton, FL
    • Courtney, S. P., and T. T. Kibota, 1989. Mother doesn't know best: selection of hosts by ovipositing insects, pp. 161-187. In E. A. Bernays [ed.], Insect plant interaction. CRC, Boca Raton, FL.
    • (1989) Insect Plant Interaction , pp. 161-187
    • Courtney, S.P.1    Kibota, T.T.2
  • 13
    • 0030765087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of larval food resources and adult movement in the population dynamics of the orange-tip butterfly (Anthocharis cardamines)
    • Dempster, J. P. 1997. The role of larval food resources and adult movement in the population dynamics of the orange-tip butterfly (Anthocharis cardamines). Oecologia (Berl.). 111: 549-556.
    • (1997) Oecologia (Berl.) , vol.111 , pp. 549-556
    • Dempster, J.P.1
  • 14
    • 0025243031 scopus 로고
    • Role of enemy-free space and plant quality in host-plant selection by willow beetles
    • Denno, R. F., S. Larsson, and K. L. Olmsted. 1990. Role of enemy-free space and plant quality in host-plant selection by willow beetles. Ecology 71: 124-137.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.71 , pp. 124-137
    • Denno, R.F.1    Larsson, S.2    Olmsted, K.L.3
  • 15
    • 0008299462 scopus 로고
    • Food-plant distribution and density and larval dispersal as factors affecting insect populations
    • Dethier, V. G. 1959. Food-plant distribution and density and larval dispersal as factors affecting insect populations. Can. Entomol. 9: 581-596.
    • (1959) Can. Entomol. , vol.9 , pp. 581-596
    • Dethier, V.G.1
  • 18
    • 0027487733 scopus 로고
    • The influence of shade on butterflies in rides of coniferised lowland woods in southern England and implications for conservation management
    • Greatorex-Davies, J. N., T. H. Sparks, M. L. Hall, and R. H. Marrs. 1993. The influence of shade on butterflies in rides of coniferised lowland woods in southern England and implications for conservation management. Biol. Conserv. 63: 31-41.
    • (1993) Biol. Conserv. , vol.63 , pp. 31-41
    • Greatorex-Davies, J.N.1    Sparks, T.H.2    Hall, M.L.3    Marrs, R.H.4
  • 19
    • 0031955212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of canopy cover and seasonal change on host plant quality for the endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis)
    • Grundel, R., N. B. Pavlovic, and C. L. Sulzman. 1998. The effect of canopy cover and seasonal change on host plant quality for the endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis). Oecologia (Berl.). 114: 243-250.
    • (1998) Oecologia (Berl.) , vol.114 , pp. 243-250
    • Grundel, R.1    Pavlovic, N.B.2    Sulzman, C.L.3
  • 20
    • 0042746473 scopus 로고
    • The endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lepidoptera:Lycaenidae): Biology, management considerations and data gaps
    • U.S. Dep. Agric. Forest Service, North Central Experiment Station, General Technical Report, Saint Paul, MN
    • Haack, R. A. 1993. The endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lepidoptera:Lycaenidae): biology, management considerations and data gaps. Proceedings of the 9th Central Hardwood Forest Conference. U.S. Dep. Agric. Forest Service, North Central Experiment Station, General Technical Report, Saint Paul, MN.
    • (1993) Proceedings of the 9th Central Hardwood Forest Conference
    • Haack, R.A.1
  • 21
    • 0028179938 scopus 로고
    • Metapopulation structure and migration in the butterfly Melitaea cinxia
    • Hanski, L. M. Kuussaari, and M. Nieminen. 1994. Metapopulation structure and migration in the butterfly Melitaea cinxia. Ecology 75: 747-762.
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 747-762
    • Hanski, I.1    Kuussaari, M.2    Nieminen, M.3
  • 22
    • 0024223696 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of the Bay Checkerspot butterfly, Euphydryas editha bayensis: Evidence for a metapopulation model
    • Harrison, S., D. D. Murphy, and P. R. Ehrlich. 1988. Distribution of the Bay Checkerspot butterfly, Euphydryas editha bayensis: evidence for a metapopulation model. Am. Nat. 132: 360-382.
    • (1988) Am. Nat. , vol.132 , pp. 360-382
    • Harrison, S.1    Murphy, D.D.2    Ehrlich, P.R.3
  • 23
    • 0028181565 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamic consequences of direct and indirect interactions involving a large blue butterfly and its plant and red ant hosts
    • Hochberg, M. E., R. T. Clarke, G. W. Elmes, and J. A. Thomas. 1994. Population dynamic consequences of direct and indirect interactions involving a large blue butterfly and its plant and red ant hosts. J. Anim. Ecol. 63: 375-391.
    • (1994) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.63 , pp. 375-391
    • Hochberg, M.E.1    Clarke, R.T.2    Elmes, G.W.3    Thomas, J.A.4
  • 25
    • 1542277939 scopus 로고
    • The Status of the Karner Blue Butterfly in Minnesota
    • D.A. Andow, R. J. Baker and C. P. Lane [eds.], Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
    • Lane, C. P., and R. Dana. 1994. The Status of the Karner Blue Butterfly in Minnesota, pp. 113-122. In D.A. Andow, R. J. Baker and C. P. Lane [eds.], Karner blue butterfly: a symbol of a vanishing landscape. Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN.
    • (1994) Karner Blue Butterfly: A Symbol of a Vanishing Landscape , pp. 113-122
    • Lane, C.P.1    Dana, R.2
  • 27
    • 0001756372 scopus 로고
    • A new instrument for measuring forest overstory density
    • Lemmon, P. E. 1957. A new instrument for measuring forest overstory density. J. For. 55: 667-668.
    • (1957) J. For. , vol.55 , pp. 667-668
    • Lemmon, P.E.1
  • 28
    • 0002233132 scopus 로고
    • Extinction
    • Gerstenhaber [ed.], American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI
    • Levins, R. 1970. Extinction, pp. 77-107. In Gerstenhaber [ed.], Lectures on mathematics in the life sciences, vol. 2. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI.
    • (1970) Lectures on Mathematics in the Life Sciences , vol.2 , pp. 77-107
    • Levins, R.1
  • 29
    • 0028977543 scopus 로고
    • Microdistribution of butterflies in a mosaic-like habitat: The role of nectar sources
    • Loertscher, M., A. Erhardt, and J. Zettel. 1995. Microdistribution of butterflies in a mosaic-like habitat: the role of nectar sources. Ecography 18: 15-26.
    • (1995) Ecography , vol.18 , pp. 15-26
    • Loertscher, M.1    Erhardt, A.2    Zettel, J.3
  • 30
    • 0001821397 scopus 로고
    • Observe extinction or conserve diversity?
    • N. M. Collins and J. A. Thomas [eds.], Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, London, England
    • Moore, N. W. 1989. Observe extinction or conserve diversity?, pp. 1-8. In N. M. Collins and J. A. Thomas [eds.], The conservation of insects and their habitats. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, London, England.
    • (1989) The Conservation of Insects and Their Habitats , pp. 1-8
    • Moore, N.W.1
  • 31
    • 0025233148 scopus 로고
    • An environment-metapopulation approach to population viability analysis for a threatened invertebrate
    • Murphy, D. D., K. E. Freas, and S. B. Weiss. 1990. An environment-metapopulation approach to population viability analysis for a threatened invertebrate. Conserv. Biol. 4: 41-51.
    • (1990) Conserv. Biol. , vol.4 , pp. 41-51
    • Murphy, D.D.1    Freas, K.E.2    Weiss, S.B.3
  • 32
    • 0021050649 scopus 로고
    • The role of adult feeding in egg production and population dynamics of the Checkerspot butterfly Euphydryas editha
    • Murphy, D. D., A. E. Launer, and P. R. Ehrlich. 1983. The role of adult feeding in egg production and population dynamics of the Checkerspot butterfly Euphydryas editha. Oecologia (Berl.). 56: 257-63.
    • (1983) Oecologia (Berl.) , vol.56 , pp. 257-263
    • Murphy, D.D.1    Launer, A.E.2    Ehrlich, P.R.3
  • 33
    • 51249181845 scopus 로고
    • Comparative population studies of three Pieris butterflies, P. rapae, P. melete and P. napi, living in the same area. I. Ecological requirements for habitat resources in the adults
    • Ohsaki, N. 1979. Comparative population studies of three Pieris butterflies, P. rapae, P. melete and P. napi, living in the same area. I. Ecological requirements for habitat resources in the adults. Res. Popul. Ecol. 20: 278-96.
    • (1979) Res. Popul. Ecol. , vol.20 , pp. 278-296
    • Ohsaki, N.1
  • 34
    • 0020375225 scopus 로고
    • Comparative population studies of three Pieris butterflies, P. rapae, P. melete and P. napi, living in the same area. III. Difference in the annual generation numbers in relation to habitat selection by adults
    • Ohsaki, N. 1982. Comparative population studies of three Pieris butterflies, P. rapae, P. melete and P. napi, living in the same area. III. Difference in the annual generation numbers in relation to habitat selection by adults. Res. Popul. Ecol. 24: 193-210.
    • (1982) Res. Popul. Ecol. , vol.24 , pp. 193-210
    • Ohsaki, N.1
  • 35
    • 0028176209 scopus 로고
    • Food plant choice of Pieris butterflies as a trade-off between parasitoid avoidance and quality of plants
    • Ohsaki, N., and Y. Sato. 1994. Food plant choice of Pieris butterflies as a trade-off between parasitoid avoidance and quality of plants. Ecology 75: 59-68.
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 59-68
    • Ohsaki, N.1    Sato, Y.2
  • 36
    • 0031804475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of a vegetation-based approach to insect conservation
    • Panzer, R., and M. W. Schwartz. 1998. Effectiveness of a vegetation-based approach to insect conservation. Conserv. Biol. 12: 693-702.
    • (1998) Conserv. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 693-702
    • Panzer, R.1    Schwartz, M.W.2
  • 37
    • 84984516692 scopus 로고
    • Population ecology and change in range of the white admiral butterfly Ladoga camilla L. in England
    • Pollard, E. 1979. Population ecology and change in range of the white admiral butterfly Ladoga camilla L. in England. Ecol. Entomol. 4: 61-74.
    • (1979) Ecol. Entomol. , vol.4 , pp. 61-74
    • Pollard, E.1
  • 38
    • 0001926439 scopus 로고
    • Interactions among three trophic levels: Influence of plants on interactions between insect herbivores and natural enemies
    • Price, P. W., C. E. Bouton, P. Gross, B. A. McPheron, J. N. Thompson, and A. E. Weiss. 1980. Interactions among three trophic levels: influence of plants on interactions between insect herbivores and natural enemies. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 11: 41-65.
    • (1980) Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.11 , pp. 41-65
    • Price, P.W.1    Bouton, C.E.2    Gross, P.3    McPheron, B.A.4    Thompson, J.N.5    Weiss, A.E.6
  • 39
    • 0027100888 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics in a complex landscape: A case study
    • Pulliam, H. R., J. B. Dunning Jr., and J. Liu. 1992. Population dynamics in a complex landscape: a case study. Ecol. Appl. 2: 165-77.
    • (1992) Ecol. Appl. , vol.2 , pp. 165-177
    • Pulliam, H.R.1    Dunning Jr., J.B.2    Liu, J.3
  • 40
    • 0000788012 scopus 로고
    • Larval habitat suitability and oviposition preference in three related butterflies
    • Rausher, M. D. 1979. Larval habitat suitability and oviposition preference in three related butterflies. Ecology 60: 503-11.
    • (1979) Ecology , vol.60 , pp. 503-511
    • Rausher, M.D.1
  • 41
    • 0001796677 scopus 로고
    • Host plant selection by Battus philenor butterflies: The roles of predation, nutrition, and plant chemistry
    • Rausher, M. D. 1981. Host plant selection by Battus philenor butterflies: the roles of predation, nutrition, and plant chemistry. Ecol. Monogr. 51: 1-20.
    • (1981) Ecol. Monogr. , vol.51 , pp. 1-20
    • Rausher, M.D.1
  • 42
    • 0025591518 scopus 로고
    • Landforms and winter habitat refugia in the conservation of montane grasshoppers in southern Africa
    • Samways, M. J. 1990. Landforms and winter habitat refugia in the conservation of montane grasshoppers in southern Africa. Conserv. Biol. 4: 375-382.
    • (1990) Conserv. Biol. , vol.4 , pp. 375-382
    • Samways, M.J.1
  • 43
    • 0347574582 scopus 로고
    • SAS Institute. SAS Institute, Cary, NC
    • SAS Institute. 1991. SAS user's guide: statistics. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
    • (1991) SAS User's Guide: Statistics
  • 46
    • 0345085414 scopus 로고
    • Recovery goals and methods for Karner blue butterfly populations
    • D. A. Andow, R. J. Baker and C. P. Lane [eds.], Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
    • Schweitzer, D. F. 1994. Recovery goals and methods for Karner blue butterfly populations, pp. 185-194. In D. A. Andow, R. J. Baker and C. P. Lane [eds.], Karner blue butterfly: a symbol of a vanishing landscape. Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN.
    • (1994) Karner Blue Butterfly: A Symbol of a Vanishing Landscape , pp. 185-194
    • Schweitzer, D.F.1
  • 47
    • 0021606882 scopus 로고
    • Habitat selection, mate location, and microclimatic constraints on the activity of the speckled wood butterfly Pararge aegeria
    • Shreeve, T. G. 1984. Habitat selection, mate location, and microclimatic constraints on the activity of the speckled wood butterfly Pararge aegeria. Oikos 42: 371-377.
    • (1984) Oikos , vol.42 , pp. 371-377
    • Shreeve, T.G.1
  • 48
    • 0022829994 scopus 로고
    • Egg-laying by the speckled wood butterfly (Pararge aegeria): The role of female behavior, host plant abundance and temperature
    • Shreeve, T. G. 1986. Egg-laying by the speckled wood butterfly (Pararge aegeria): the role of female behavior, host plant abundance and temperature. Ecol. Entomol. ll: 229-36.
    • (1986) Ecol. Entomol. , vol.11 , pp. 229-236
    • Shreeve, T.G.1
  • 49
    • 0030302427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community characteristics and vegetation management of Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) habitats on rights-of-way in east-central New York, USA
    • Smallidge, P. J., D. L. Leopold, and C. M. Allen. 1996. Community characteristics and vegetation management of Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) habitats on rights-of-way in east-central New York, USA. J. Appl. Ecol. 33: 1405-19.
    • (1996) J. Appl. Ecol. , vol.33 , pp. 1405-1419
    • Smallidge, P.J.1    Leopold, D.L.2    Allen, C.M.3
  • 50
    • 0030856380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling persistence in dynamic landscapes: Lesson from a metapopulation of the grasshopper Bryodema tuberculata
    • Stelter, C., M. Reich, V. Grimm, and C. Wissel. 1997. Modeling persistence in dynamic landscapes: lesson from a metapopulation of the grasshopper Bryodema tuberculata. J. Anim. Ecol. 66: 508-518.
    • (1997) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.66 , pp. 508-518
    • Stelter, C.1    Reich, M.2    Grimm, V.3    Wissel, C.4
  • 51
    • 0000659679 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting egg production and oviposition in populations of Colias philodice eurytheme Boisduval
    • Stern, V. M., and R. F. Smith. 1960. Factors affecting egg production and oviposition in populations of Colias philodice eurytheme Boisduval. Hilgardia 29: 411-454.
    • (1960) Hilgardia , vol.29 , pp. 411-454
    • Stern, V.M.1    Smith, R.F.2
  • 52
    • 0028177165 scopus 로고
    • Extinction, colonization, and metapopulations: Environmental tracking by rare species
    • Thomas, C. D. 1994. Extinction, colonization, and metapopulations: environmental tracking by rare species. Conserv. Biol. 8: 373-378.
    • (1994) Conserv. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 373-378
    • Thomas, C.D.1
  • 53
    • 0021580906 scopus 로고
    • The behavior and habitat requirements of Maculinea nausithous (the dusky large blue butterfly) and M. teleius (the source large blue) in France
    • Thomas, J. A. 1984. The behavior and habitat requirements of Maculinea nausithous (the dusky large blue butterfly) and M. teleius (the source large blue) in France. Biol. Conserv. 28: 325-47.
    • (1984) Biol. Conserv. , vol.28 , pp. 325-347
    • Thomas, J.A.1
  • 54
    • 0004526914 scopus 로고
    • Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; determination of endangered status for the Karner blue butterfly
    • [USFWS] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    • [USFWS] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1992. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; determination of endangered status for the Karner blue butterfly. Federal Register 57: 2241-2246.
    • (1992) Federal Register , vol.57 , pp. 2241-2246
  • 55
    • 0020870171 scopus 로고
    • Density as a misleading indicator of habitat quality
    • Van Horne, B. 1983. Density as a misleading indicator of habitat quality. J. Wildl. Manag. 47: 893-901.
    • (1983) J. Wildl. Manag. , vol.47 , pp. 893-901
    • Van Horne, B.1
  • 56
    • 0022186447 scopus 로고
    • The influence of shade on butterfly numbers in woodland rides, with special reference to the wood white Leptidea sinapis
    • Warren, M. S. 1985. The influence of shade on butterfly numbers in woodland rides, with special reference to the wood white Leptidea sinapis. Biol. Conserv 33: 147-64.
    • (1985) Biol. Conserv , vol.33 , pp. 147-164
    • Warren, M.S.1
  • 57
    • 0023519746 scopus 로고
    • The ecology and conservation of the heath fritillary butterfly, Mellicta athalia. III. Population dynamics and the effect of habitat management
    • Warren, M. S. 1987. The ecology and conservation of the heath fritillary butterfly, Mellicta athalia. III. Population dynamics and the effect of habitat management. J. Appl. Ecol. 24: 499-513.
    • (1987) J. Appl. Ecol. , vol.24 , pp. 499-513
    • Warren, M.S.1
  • 58
    • 0003118328 scopus 로고
    • Population structure of Pierid butterflies. II. A "native" population of Colias philodice eriphyle in Colorado
    • Watt, W. B., D. Han, and B. E. Tabashinik. 1979. Population structure of Pierid butterflies. II. A "native" population of Colias philodice eriphyle in Colorado. Oecologia (Berl.). 44: 44-52.
    • (1979) Oecologia (Berl.) , vol.44 , pp. 44-52
    • Watt, W.B.1    Han, D.2    Tabashinik, B.E.3
  • 59
    • 0002605830 scopus 로고
    • Thermal microenvironments and the restoration of rare butterfly habitat
    • John J. Berger [ed.], Island Press, Washington, DC
    • Weiss, S. B., and D. D. Murphy. 1990. Thermal microenvironments and the restoration of rare butterfly habitat, pp. 50-60. In John J. Berger [ed.], Environmental restoration. Island Press, Washington, DC.
    • (1990) Environmental Restoration , pp. 50-60
    • Weiss, S.B.1    Murphy, D.D.2
  • 60
    • 0024259041 scopus 로고
    • Sun, slope, and butterflies; topographic determinants of habitat quality for Euphydryas editha
    • Weiss, S. B., D. D. Murphy, and R. R. White. 1988. Sun, slope, and butterflies; topographic determinants of habitat quality for Euphydryas editha. Ecology 69: 1486-96.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1486-1496
    • Weiss, S.B.1    Murphy, D.D.2    White, R.R.3
  • 61
    • 0002300172 scopus 로고
    • Oviposition, feeding and spatial separation of breeding and foraging habitats in a population of Leptidea sinapis (Lepidoptera)
    • Wiklund, C. 1977. Oviposition, feeding and spatial separation of breeding and foraging habitats in a population of Leptidea sinapis (Lepidoptera). Oikos 28: 56-68.
    • (1977) Oikos , vol.28 , pp. 56-68
    • Wiklund, C.1
  • 62
    • 0021569240 scopus 로고
    • Egg-laying patterns in butterflies in relation to their phenology and the visual apparency and abundance of their host plant
    • Wiklund, C. 1984. Egg-laying patterns in butterflies in relation to their phenology and the visual apparency and abundance of their host plant. Oecologia (Berl.). 63: 23-29.
    • (1984) Oecologia (Berl.) , vol.63 , pp. 23-29
    • Wiklund, C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.