Driver mortality in frontal crashes: Comparison of newer and older Airbag designs

Traffic Injury Prevention

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 24-30

  Braver, Elisa R ^a,c   Kyrychenko, Sergey Y ^b   Ferguson, Susan A ^b  

^a National Study Center for Trauma and Emergency Medical Systems   (United States)

^b Ins Institute for Highway Safety ^*  (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Airbag Designs; Airbags; Drivers; Fatalities; Frontal Crash; Traffic Accidents

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA BASE; DRIVER; FATALITY; FEMALE; GENDER; HUMAN; INJURY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; MOTOR VEHICLE; PERFORMANCE; PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; SEATBELT; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; TRAFFIC SAFETY;

ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AIR BAGS; CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; FEMALE; GOVERNMENT AGENCIES; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SEAT BELTS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 15344350582     PISSN: 15389588     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15389580590903140     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Cammisa MX, Reed RT, Ferguson SA, Lund AK. (2000) Driver Fatalities in Frontal Crashes of Airbag-Equipped Vehicles: A Review of 1989-96 NASS Cases. SAE 2000-01-1003. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.
2. Crandall CS, Olson LM, Sklar DP. (2001) Mortality reduction with air bag and seat belt use in head-on passenger car collisions. Am J Epidemiol, Vol. 153, pp. 219-224.
3. Cummings P, McKnight B, Rivara FP, Grossman DC. (2002) Association of driver air bags with driver fatality: A matched cohort study. Br Med J, Vol. 324, pp. 1119-1122.
4. Farmer CM, Lund AK, Trempel RE, Braver ER. (1997) Fatal crashes of passenger vehicles before and after adding antilock braking systems. Accid Anal Prev, Vol. 29, pp. 745-757.
5. Federal Highway Administration. (2003) National Household Travel Survey, 2001. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Available: http://nhts.ornl.gov/2001/index.shtml.
6. Ferguson SA. (1996) Update on airbag performance in the United States: Benefits and problems. Airbag 2000+: Third International Symposium on Sophisticated Car Occupant Systems. November 26-27, 1996, pp. 7-1-7-17.
7. Ferguson SA, Lund AK, Greene MA. (1995) Driver Fatalities in 1985-1994 Airbag Cars. Arlington, VA: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.
8. Ferguson SA, Schneider L, Segui-Gomez M, Arbogast K, Augenstein J, Digges KH. (2003) The Blue Ribbon Panel on depowered and advanced airbags-status report on airbag performance. 47th Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automat Med, September 22-24, 2003, pp. 79-81.
9. Glassbrenner D. (2003) Safety Belt Use in 2003. Report DOT HS-809-646. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Available: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/nrd-30/NCSA/Rpts/2003/809646.pdf.
10. Hinch J, Hollowell WT, Kanianthra J, Evans WD, Klein T, Longthorne A, Ratchford S, Morris J, Subramanian R. (2001) Air Bag Technology in Light Passenger Vehicles (Revision 2). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Available: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/nrd-11/Hinch.pdf.
11. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. (2001) Crashworthiness keeps getting better. Status Report, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 1-7. Arlington, VA. Available: http://www.highwaysafety.org/srpdfs/sr3603.pdf.
12. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. (2003) 25 versus 30: Institute and others support government decision to go with 25 mph speed for airbag testing with unbelted dummies. Status Report Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 5-6. Arlington, VA. Available: http://www.highwaysafety. org/srpdfs/sr3803.pdf.
13. Microsoft Corporation. (2000) Microsoft Excel, 2000. Redmond, WA.
14. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (1984) Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. 49 Code of Federal Regulations 571.208. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
15. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (1989-2003) National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System 1988-2002. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
16. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, (1996) Third Report to Congress: Effectiveness of Occupant Protection Systems and Their Use. Report DOT HS-809-442. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Available: http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/airbags/208con2e.html.
17. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (1997) Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Occupant Crash Protection. 62 Federal Register 12,960. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
18. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (1998) Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Occupant Crash Protection. 63 Federal Register 49,958. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
19. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2000a) Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Occupant Crash Protection. 65 Federal Register 30,680. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
20. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2000b) National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System: 2000 Coding and Editing Manual. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Available: http://www-nass.nhtsa.dot. gov/NASS/CDS/DataColl/man2000.pdf.
21. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2001-2003) Fatality Analysis Reporting System, 2000-2002. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
22. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2001a) Fifth/Sixth Report to Congress: Effectiveness of Occupant Protection Systems and Their Use. Report DOT HS-809-442. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Available: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/nrd-30/NCSA/Rpts/2002/809-442.pdf.
23. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2001b) Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Occupant Crash Protection; Final Rule (49 CFR Part 571). 66 Federal Register 65376-65421. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
24. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2003) What You Need to Know about Air Bags. Report DOT HS-809-575. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Available: http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/airbags/air- bags03/index.html.
25. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2004) National Center for Statistics and Analysis Special Crash Investigations Program: Airbag Fatality Summary Report and Tables. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Available: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/nrd-30/NCSA/SCI/ 2Q_2004/ABFSISR.pdf.
26. Public Citizen. (2003) Air Bags Save Lives. Washington, DC. Available: http://www.publiccitizen.org/autosafety/Air_Bags/.
27. RL Polk and Company. (2001-2003) Vehicles in Operation Database. Southfield, MI.
28. RTI International. (2001) SUDAAN Version 8. Research Triangle Park, NC.
29. SAS Institute Inc. (2001) SAS Version 8.2. Gary, NC.
30. Shkrum MJ, McClafferty KJ, Nowak ES, German A. (2002) Driver and front seat passenger fatalities associated with air bag deployment. Part 2: A review of injury patterns and investigative issues. J Forensic Sci, Vol. 47, pp. 1035-1040.
31. Silcocks P. (1994) Estimating confidence limits on a standardised mortality ratio when the expected number is not error free. J Epidemiol Community Health, Vol. 48, pp. 313-317.
32. Werner JV, Robertson SF, Ferguson SA, Digges KH. (1997) Injury Risks in Cars with Different Air Bag Deployment Rates. SAE 970491. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA.