Urolithiasis and obesity: Metabolic and technical considerations

Current Opinion in Urology

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 113-117

  Calvert, Robert C ^a   Burgess, Neil A ^b  

^a IPSWICH HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b NORFOLK AND NORWICH UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Epidemiology; Obesity; Pathophysiology; Surgical management; Urolithiasis

Indexed keywords

ALLOPURINOL; CITRATE POTASSIUM; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE;

BODY MASS; CLEARANCE; DIABETIC OBESITY; DIET RESTRICTION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EXTRACORPOREAL LITHOTRIPSY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MALE; METABOLIC DISORDER; METABOLIC PARAMETERS; NEPHROLITHOTOMY; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TREATMENT FAILURE; URINALYSIS; UROLITHIASIS;

EID: 15244349286     PISSN: 09630643     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.mou.0000160626.36236.22     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. World Health Organisation. Obesity. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 1997.
2. Colditz G. Economic costs of obesity and inactivity. Med Sci Sport Exercise 1999; 31(Suppl 11):S663-S667.
3. Negri E, Pagano R, Decarli A, La Vecchia C. Body weight and the prevalence of chronic diseases. J Epidemiol Community Health 1988; 42:24-39.
4. Nishio S, Yokoyama M, Iwata H, et al. Obesity as one of the risk factors for urolithiasis. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1998; 89:573-580.
5. Serio A, Fraioli A. Epidemiology of nephrolithiasis. Nephron 1999; 81(Suppl 1):26-30.
6. Ramey SL, Franke WD, Shelley MC II. Relationship among risk factors for nephrolithiasis, cardiovascular disease and ethnicity. AAOHN J 2004; 53:116-121.
7. Powell CR, Stoller ML, Schwartz BF, et al. Impact of body weight on urinary electrolytes in urinary stone formers. Urology 2000; 55:825-830.
8. Maalouf NM, Sakhaee K, Parks JH, et al. Association of urinary pH with body weight in nephrolithiasis. Kidney Int 2004; 65:1422-1425.
9. Ekuro WO, Tan YH, Young MD, et al. Metabolic risk factors and the impact of medical therapy on the management of nephrolithiasis in obese patients. J Urol 2004; 172:159-163. A large retrospective analysis of urinary metabolic risk factors in obese stone formers and evidence of the effectiveness of medical interventions in reducing their stone recurrence rates.
10. Siener R, Glatz S, Nicolay C, Hesse A. The role of overweight and obesity in calcium oxalate stone formation. Obes Res 2004; 12:106-113. Further evidence linking obesity and calcium oxalate stone risk and analysis of urinary metabolic risk factors.
11. Sakurai Y, Teruya K, Shimada N, Nakamura K. Relationship between obesity in young adulthood and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997; 21:686-690.
12. Iguchi M, Umekawa T, Takamura C, et al. Glucose metabolism in renal stone patients. Urol Int 1993; 51:185-190.
13. Chobanian MC, Hammerman MR. Insulin stimulates ammoniagenesis in canine proximal renal tubule segments. Am J Physiol 1987; 253(6 Pt 2): F1171-F1177.
14. Abate N, Chandalia M, Cabo-Chan AV, et al. The metabolic syndrome and uric acid nephrolithiasis: novel features of renal manifestation of insulin resistance. Kidney Int 2004; 65:386-392. Evidence of the relationship between insulin resistance and low urine ammonia and pH.
15. Niskanen L, Laaksonen DE, Nyyssonen K, et al. Inflammation, abdominal obesity and smoking as predictors of hypertension. Hypertension 2004; 44:859-865.
16. Wexler BC, McMurtry JP. Kidney and bladder calculi in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Br J Exp Pathol 1981; 62:369-374.
17. Tibblin G. High blood pressure in men aged 50. Acta Med Scand 1967; 470(Suppl):5-84.
18. Borghi L, Meschi T, Guerra A, et al. Essential arterial hypertension and stone disease. Kidney Int 1999; 55:2397-2406.
19. Quereda C, Orte L, Sabater J, et al. Urinary calcium excretion in treated and untreated essential hypertension. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996; 7:1058-1065.
20. Verkoelen CF, Kok DJ, van der Boom BG, et al. LLC-PK1 cells as a model system to study proximal tubule transport of water and other compounds relevant for renal stone disease. Urol Res 1999; 27:109-115.
21. Meneton P, Oh YS, Warnock DG. Genetic renal tubular disorders of renal ion channels and transporters. Semin Nephrol 2001; 21:81-93.
22. McCarron DA, Morris CD, Henry HJ, Stanton JL. Blood pressure and nutrient intake in the United States. Science 1984; 224:1392-1398.
23. Curhan GC, Willet WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ. A prospective study of dietary calcium and other nutrients and the risk of symptomatic kidney stones. N Engl J Med 1993; 833-838.
24. Faggiano A, Pivonello R, Melis D, et al. Nephrolithiasis in Cushing's disease: prevalence, etiopathogenesis, and modification after disease cure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:2076-2080.
25. van Hout GC, van Oudheusden I, van Heck GL. Psychological profile of the morbidly obese. Obes Surg 2004; 14:579-588.
26. Garrow JS. Treatment of morbid obesity by nonsurgical means: diet, drugs, behaviour modification, exercise. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1987; 16:443-449.
27. Choban PS, Flancbaum L. The impact of obesity on surgical outcomes: a review. J Am Coll Surg 1997; 185:593-603.
28. Thomas R, Cass AS. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in morbidly obese patients. J Urol 1993; 150:30-32.
29. Delakas D, Karyotis I, Daskalopoulos G, et al. Independent predictors of failure of shockwave lithotripsy for ureteral stones employing a second-generation lithotripter. J Endourol 2003; 4:201-205. Multivariate analysis to determine risk factors for ESWL failure.
30. Nguyen TA, Belis JA. Endoscopic management of urolithiasis in the morbidly obese patient. J Endourol 1998; 12:33-35.
31. Andreoni C, Afane J, Olweny E, Clayman RV. Flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy: first-line therapy for proximal ureteral and renal calculi in the morbidly obese and superobese patient. J Endourol 2001; 15:493-498.
32. Dash A, Schuster TG, Hollenbeck BK, et al. Ureteroscopic treatment of renal calculi in morbidly obese patients: a stone-matched comparison. Urology 2002; 60:393-397.
33. Gofrit ON, Shapiro A, Donchin Y, et al. Lateral decubitus position for percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in the morbidly obese or kyphotic patient. J Endourol 2002; 16:383-386.
34. Grasso M, Lang G, Taylor FC. Flexible ureteroscopically assisted percutaneous renal access. Tech Urol 1995; 1:39-43.
35. Segura JW. Role of percutaneous procedures in the management of renal calculi [review]. Urol Clin North Am 1990; 17:207-216.
36. Giblin JG, Lossef S, Pahira JJ. A modification of standard percutaneous nephrolithotripsy technique for the morbidly obese patient. Urology 1995; 46:491-493.
37. Carson CC III, Danneberger JE, Weinerth JL. Percutaneous lithotripsy in morbid obesity. J Urol 1988; 139:243-245.
38. Faerber GJ, Goh M. Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in the morbidly obese patient. Tech Urol 1997; 3:89-95.
39. Pearle MS, Nakada SY, Womack JS, Kryger JV. Outcomes of contemporary percutaneous nephrostolithotomy in morbidly obese patients. J Urol 1998; 160:669-673.
40. Koo BC, Burtt G, Burgess NA. Percutaneous stone surgery in the obese: outcome stratified according to body mass index. BJU Int 2004; 93:1296-1299. The most recent study demonstrating equivalent outcome of PCNL in obese patients.
41. Tiselius H-G, Ackermann D, Alken P, et al. Guidelines on urolithiasis. Eur Assoc Urol 2001.