메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 71-81

Obstructive sleep apnea: What does the cardiovascular physician need to know?

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; OBESITY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSICIAN ATTITUDE; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; POSITIVE END EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME; STROKE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TRACHEOTOMY; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; UVULOPALATOPHARYNGOPLASTY; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

EID: 14944365635     PISSN: 11753277     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00129784-200505020-00001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (8)

References (134)
  • 1
    • 0036569980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of obstructive sleep apnea: A population health perspective
    • Young T, Peppard P, Gottlieb D. Epidemiology of obstructive sleep apnea: a population health perspective. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165: 1217-39
    • (2002) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.165 , pp. 1217-1239
    • Young, T.1    Peppard, P.2    Gottlieb, D.3
  • 3
    • 0031034046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial differences in sleep-disordered breathing in African-Americans and Caucasians
    • Redline S, Tishler P, Hans M, et al. Racial differences in sleep-disordered breathing in African-Americans and Caucasians. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155: 186-92
    • (1997) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.155 , pp. 186-192
    • Redline, S.1    Tishler, P.2    Hans, M.3
  • 4
    • 0030909947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in ages 40-64 years: A population-based survey
    • Kripke D, Ancoli-Israel S, Klauber M, et al. Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in ages 40-64 years: a population-based survey. Sleep 1997; 20 (1): 65-76
    • (1997) Sleep , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-76
    • Kripke, D.1    Ancoli-Israel, S.2    Klauber, M.3
  • 5
    • 0037156411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of sleep-disordered breathing in community dwelling adults: The Sleep Heart Health Study
    • Young T, Shahar E, Nieto F, et al. Predictors of sleep-disordered breathing in community dwelling adults: the Sleep Heart Health Study. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 893-900
    • (2002) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.162 , pp. 893-900
    • Young, T.1    Shahar, E.2    Nieto, F.3
  • 6
    • 0031942308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of age on sleep apnea in men: I. Prevalence and severity
    • Bixler E, Vgontzas A, Ten Have T, et al. Effects of age on sleep apnea in men: I. Prevalence and severity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157 (1): 144-8
    • (1998) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.157 , Issue.1 , pp. 144-148
    • Bixler, E.1    Vgontzas, A.2    Ten Have, T.3
  • 7
    • 0033178851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep-related breathing disorders in adults: Recommendations for syndrome definition and measurement techniques in clinical research
    • American Academy of Sleep Medicine Task Force
    • American Academy of Sleep Medicine Task Force. Sleep-related breathing disorders in adults: recommendations for syndrome definition and measurement techniques in clinical research. Sleep 1999; 22: 667-89
    • (1999) Sleep , vol.22 , pp. 667-689
  • 8
    • 0025914714 scopus 로고
    • Roentgenographic dimensions of the upper airway in snoring patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea
    • Hoffstein V, Weiser W, Haney R. Roentgenographic dimensions of the upper airway in snoring patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 1991; 100: 81-5
    • (1991) Chest , vol.100 , pp. 81-85
    • Hoffstein, V.1    Weiser, W.2    Haney, R.3
  • 9
    • 0020685193 scopus 로고
    • Computerized tomography in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Haponik E, Smith P, Bohlman M, et al. Computerized tomography in obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 127: 221-6
    • (1983) Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , vol.127 , pp. 221-226
    • Haponik, E.1    Smith, P.2    Bohlman, M.3
  • 10
    • 0024452553 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of pharyngeal volume by digitized magnetic resonance imaging: Effect of nasal CPAP
    • Abbey N, Block A, Green D, et al. Measurement of pharyngeal volume by digitized magnetic resonance imaging: effect of nasal CPAP. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 40 (3): 717-23
    • (1989) Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 717-723
    • Abbey, N.1    Block, A.2    Green, D.3
  • 11
    • 0021210948 scopus 로고
    • Lung volume dependence of pharyngeal cross-sectional area in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
    • Hoffstein V, Zamel N, Phillipson E. Lung volume dependence of pharyngeal cross-sectional area in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984; 130: 175-8
    • (1984) Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , vol.130 , pp. 175-178
    • Hoffstein, V.1    Zamel, N.2    Phillipson, E.3
  • 12
    • 0026750217 scopus 로고
    • Waking genioglossus electromyogram in sleep apnea patients vs normal controls (a neuromuscular compensatory mechanism)
    • Mezzanotte W, Tangel D, White D. Waking genioglossus electromyogram in sleep apnea patients vs normal controls (a neuromuscular compensatory mechanism). J Clin Invest 1992; 89: 1571-9
    • (1992) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.89 , pp. 1571-1579
    • Mezzanotte, W.1    Tangel, D.2    White, D.3
  • 13
    • 0026059869 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic traction on the trachea: Mechanisms and magnitude
    • Van de Graaff W. Thoracic traction on the trachea: mechanisms and magnitude. J Appl Physiol 1991; 70: 1328-36
    • (1991) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.70 , pp. 1328-1336
    • Van de Graaff, W.1
  • 14
    • 0026446508 scopus 로고
    • Temperature thresholds in the oropharynx of patient with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    • Larrson H, Carlson-Nordlander B, Lindblad L, et al. Temperature thresholds in the oropharynx of patient with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146: 1246-9
    • (1992) Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , vol.146 , pp. 1246-1249
    • Larrson, H.1    Carlson-Nordlander, B.2    Lindblad, L.3
  • 15
  • 16
    • 0025365795 scopus 로고
    • The role of vascular tone in the control of upper airway collapsibility
    • Wasicko M, Hutt D, Parisi R, et al. The role of vascular tone in the control of upper airway collapsibility. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 1569-77
    • (1990) Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , vol.141 , pp. 1569-1577
    • Wasicko, M.1    Hutt, D.2    Parisi, R.3
  • 17
    • 0035038691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical control stability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
    • Younes M, Ostrowski M, Thompson W, et al. Chemical control stability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 1181-90
    • (2001) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.163 , pp. 1181-1190
    • Younes, M.1    Ostrowski, M.2    Thompson, W.3
  • 18
    • 0019969366 scopus 로고
    • Bradycardia during sleep apnea: Characteristics and mechanism
    • Zwillich C, Devlin T, White D, et al. Bradycardia during sleep apnea: characteristics and mechanism. J Clin Invest 1982; 69: 1286-92
    • (1982) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.69 , pp. 1286-1292
    • Zwillich, C.1    Devlin, T.2    White, D.3
  • 19
    • 0031691258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary haemodynamics in obstructive sleep apnoea: Time course and associated factors
    • Schafer H, Hasper E, Ewig S, et al. Pulmonary haemodynamics in obstructive sleep apnoea: time course and associated factors. Eur Respir J 1998; 12 (3): 679-84
    • (1998) Eur. Respir. J. , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 679-684
    • Schafer, H.1    Hasper, E.2    Ewig, S.3
  • 20
    • 0017084977 scopus 로고
    • Hemodynamics in sleep induced apnea: Studies during wakefulness and sleep
    • Tilkain A, Guilleminault C, Schroeder J, et al. Hemodynamics in sleep induced apnea: studies during wakefulness and sleep. Ann Intern Med 1976; 85: 714-9
    • (1976) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.85 , pp. 714-719
    • Tilkain, A.1    Guilleminault, C.2    Schroeder, J.3
  • 21
    • 0022623674 scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiac index
    • Guilleminault C, Motta J, Mihm F, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiac index. Chest 1986; 89: 331-4
    • (1986) Chest , vol.89 , pp. 331-334
    • Guilleminault, C.1    Motta, J.2    Mihm, F.3
  • 22
    • 0026454661 scopus 로고
    • Stroke volume and cardiac output decrease at termination of obstructive apneas
    • Garpestad E, Katayama H, et al. Stroke volume and cardiac output decrease at termination of obstructive apneas. J Appl Physiol 1992; 73 (5): 1743-8
    • (1992) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.73 , Issue.5 , pp. 1743-1748
    • Garpestad, E.1    Katayama, H.2
  • 23
    • 0024244396 scopus 로고
    • Is high and fluctuating muscle nervous system activity in the sleep apnoea syndrome of pathogenetic importance for the development of hypertension?
    • Hedner J, Ejnell H, Sellgren J, et al. Is high and fluctuating muscle nervous system activity in the sleep apnoea syndrome of pathogenetic importance for the development of hypertension? J Hypertens 1988; 6 Suppl. 4: S529-31
    • (1988) J. Hypertens. , vol.6 , Issue.SUPPL. 4
    • Hedner, J.1    Ejnell, H.2    Sellgren, J.3
  • 24
    • 0028841211 scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic neural mechanisms in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Somers V, Dyken M, Clary M, et al. Sympathetic neural mechanisms in obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Invest 1995; 96: 1897-904
    • (1995) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.96 , pp. 1897-1904
    • Somers, V.1    Dyken, M.2    Clary, M.3
  • 25
    • 0031973880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood flow of the middle cerebral artery with sleep-disordered breathing: Correlation with obstructive hypopneas
    • Netzer N, Werner P, Jochums I, et al. Blood flow of the middle cerebral artery with sleep-disordered breathing: correlation with obstructive hypopneas. Stroke 1998; 29 (1): 87-93
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-93
    • Netzer, N.1    Werner, P.2    Jochums, I.3
  • 26
    • 0024537976 scopus 로고
    • Intracranial pressure and obstructive sleep apnea
    • Jenum P, Borgesen S. Intracranial pressure and obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 1989; 95: 279-83
    • (1989) Chest , vol.95 , pp. 279-283
    • Jenum, P.1    Borgesen, S.2
  • 27
    • 0023466067 scopus 로고
    • Sleep apnea and autonomic cerebrovascular dysfunction
    • Loeppky J, Voyles W, Eldridge M. Sleep apnea and autonomic cerebrovascular dysfunction. Sleep 1987; 10: 25-34
    • (1987) Sleep , vol.10 , pp. 25-34
    • Loeppky, J.1    Voyles, W.2    Eldridge, M.3
  • 28
    • 0026041979 scopus 로고
    • Leftward shift of the interventricular septum and pulsus paradoxus in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    • Shiomi T, Guilleminault C, Stoohs R, et al. Leftward shift of the interventricular septum and pulsus paradoxus in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Chest 1991; 100: 894-902
    • (1991) Chest , vol.100 , pp. 894-902
    • Shiomi, T.1    Guilleminault, C.2    Stoohs, R.3
  • 29
    • 0018670836 scopus 로고
    • Effect of intrathoracic pressure on left ventricular performance
    • Buda A, Pinsky M, Ingels N, et al. Effect of intrathoracic pressure on left ventricular performance. N Engl J Med 1979; 310: 453-9
    • (1979) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.310 , pp. 453-459
    • Buda, A.1    Pinsky, M.2    Ingels, N.3
  • 30
    • 0025282912 scopus 로고
    • The influence of increasing ventilatory effort on arousal from sleep
    • Gleeson K, Zwillich C, White D. The influence of increasing ventilatory effort on arousal from sleep. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 142: 295-300
    • (1990) Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , vol.142 , pp. 295-300
    • Gleeson, K.1    Zwillich, C.2    White, D.3
  • 31
    • 0026495596 scopus 로고
    • Size and mechanical properties of the pharynx in healthy men and women
    • Brooks L, Strohl K. Size and mechanical properties of the pharynx in healthy men and women. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146: 1394-7
    • (1992) Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , vol.146 , pp. 1394-1397
    • Brooks, L.1    Strohl, K.2
  • 32
    • 0035171679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in the expression of sleep-disordered breathing
    • Mohsenin V. Gender differences in the expression of sleep-disordered breathing. Chest 2001; 120: 1442-7
    • (2001) Chest , vol.120 , pp. 1442-1447
    • Mohsenin, V.1
  • 33
    • 0033061479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neck and soft tissue and fat distribution: Comparison between normal men and women by magnetic resonance imaging
    • Whittle A, Marshall I, Mortimore I, et al. Neck and soft tissue and fat distribution: comparison between normal men and women by magnetic resonance imaging. Thorax 1999; 54: 323-8
    • (1999) Thorax , vol.54 , pp. 323-328
    • Whittle, A.1    Marshall, I.2    Mortimore, I.3
  • 34
    • 0031935849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper airway muscle activity in normal women: Influence of hormonal status
    • Popovic R, White D. Upper airway muscle activity in normal women: influence of hormonal status. J Appl Physiol 1998; 84 (3): 1055-62
    • (1998) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.84 , Issue.3 , pp. 1055-1062
    • Popovic, R.1    White, D.2
  • 35
    • 0033724669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Airway mechanics and ventilation in response to resistive loading during sleep: Influence of gender
    • Pillar G, Malhotra A, Fogel R, et al. Airway mechanics and ventilation in response to resistive loading during sleep: influence of gender. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 1627-3
    • (2000) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.162 , pp. 1623-1627
    • Pillar, G.1    Malhotra, A.2    Fogel, R.3
  • 36
    • 0034027806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in the polysomnographic features of obstructive sleep apnea
    • O'Connor C, Thornley S, Hanly P. Gender differences in the polysomnographic features of obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161: 145-72
    • (2000) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.161 , pp. 145-172
    • O'Connor, C.1    Thornley, S.2    Hanly, P.3
  • 37
    • 0034654136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of sex and age on duration and frequency of sleep apnea events
    • Ware J, McBrayer R, Scott J. Influence of sex and age on duration and frequency of sleep apnea events. Sleep 2000; 23: 165-70
    • (2000) Sleep , vol.23 , pp. 165-170
    • Ware, J.1    McBrayer, R.2    Scott, J.3
  • 38
    • 0034694936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal study of moderate weight change and sleep-disordered breathing
    • Peppard P, Young T, Palta M, et al. Longitudinal study of moderate weight change and sleep-disordered breathing. JAMA 2000; 284: 3105-21
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 3105-3121
    • Peppard, P.1    Young, T.2    Palta, M.3
  • 39
    • 0026595768 scopus 로고
    • Neck circumference and other clinical features in the diagnosis of the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
    • Davies R, Ali N, Stradling J. Neck circumference and other clinical features in the diagnosis of the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Thorax 1992; 47: 101-5
    • (1992) Thorax , vol.47 , pp. 101-105
    • Davies, R.1    Ali, N.2    Stradling, J.3
  • 40
    • 0026806692 scopus 로고
    • Upper airway imaging in relation to obstructive sleep apnea
    • Fleetham JA. Upper airway imaging in relation to obstructive sleep apnea. Clin Chest Med 1992; 13: 399-416
    • (1992) Clin. Chest Med. , vol.13 , pp. 399-416
    • Fleetham, J.A.1
  • 41
    • 0031954669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of craniofacial structure on obstructive sleep apnea in young adults
    • Johns F, Strollo P, Buckley M, et al. The influence of craniofacial structure on obstructive sleep apnea in young adults. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998; 56: 596-602
    • (1998) J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. , vol.56 , pp. 596-602
    • Johns, F.1    Strollo, P.2    Buckley, M.3
  • 42
    • 0031036758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of craniofacial risk factors in increasing apneic activity among obese and nonobese habitual snorers
    • Nelson S, Hans M. Contribution of craniofacial risk factors in increasing apneic activity among obese and nonobese habitual snorers. Chest 1997; 111: 154-62
    • (1997) Chest , vol.111 , pp. 154-162
    • Nelson, S.1    Hans, M.2
  • 43
    • 0347624386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nose and sleep-disordered breathing: What we know and what we don't know
    • Rappai M, Collop N, Kemp S, et al. The nose and sleep-disordered breathing: what we know and what we don't know. Chest 2003; 124 (6): 2309-23
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124 , Issue.6 , pp. 2309-2323
    • Rappai, M.1    Collop, N.2    Kemp, S.3
  • 44
    • 0033837319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical findings and the risk for OSA: The importance of oropharyngeal structures
    • Schellenberg J, Maislin G, Schwab R. Physical findings and the risk for OSA: the importance of oropharyngeal structures. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 740-8
    • (2000) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.162 , pp. 740-748
    • Schellenberg, J.1    Maislin, G.2    Schwab, R.3
  • 45
    • 0028932471 scopus 로고
    • Sleep-related upper airway disordered breathing in women
    • Guilleminault C, Stoohs R, Kim Y, et al. Sleep-related upper airway disordered breathing in women. Ann Intern Med 1995; 122: 493-501
    • (1995) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.122 , pp. 493-501
    • Guilleminault, C.1    Stoohs, R.2    Kim, Y.3
  • 46
    • 0032970497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of sleepiness to respiratory disturbance index: The Sleep Heart Health Study
    • Gottlieb D, Whitney C, Bonekat W, et al. Relation of sleepiness to respiratory disturbance index: the Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159 (2): 502-7
    • (1999) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.159 , Issue.2 , pp. 502-507
    • Gottlieb, D.1    Whitney, C.2    Bonekat, W.3
  • 47
    • 0026333617 scopus 로고
    • A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale
    • Johns M. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep 1991; 14 (6): 540-5
    • (1991) Sleep , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 540-545
    • Johns, M.1
  • 48
    • 0021226894 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of sleep apnea syndrome among patients with essential hypertension
    • Lavie P, Yosef B, Rubin A. Prevalence of sleep apnea syndrome among patients with essential hypertension. Am Heart J 1984; 108: 373-6
    • (1984) Am. Heart J. , vol.108 , pp. 373-376
    • Lavie, P.1    Yosef, B.2    Rubin, A.3
  • 49
    • 0021123691 scopus 로고
    • Sleep apnea in a hypertensive population
    • Kales A, Bixler E, Cadieux R, et al. Sleep apnea in a hypertensive population. Lancet 1984; II: 1005-8
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1005-1008
    • Kales, A.1    Bixler, E.2    Cadieux, R.3
  • 50
    • 0021792721 scopus 로고
    • Undiagnosed sleep apnea in patients with essential hypertension
    • Fletcher E, DeBehnke R, Lovoi M, et al. Undiagnosed sleep apnea in patients with essential hypertension. Ann Intern Med 1985; 103: 190-5
    • (1985) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.103 , pp. 190-195
    • Fletcher, E.1    DeBehnke, R.2    Lovoi, M.3
  • 51
    • 0035215206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of unrecognized sleep apnea in drug-resistant hypertension
    • Logan A, Perlikowski S, Mente A, et al. High prevalence of unrecognized sleep apnea in drug-resistant hypertension. J Hypertens 2001; 19: 2271-7
    • (2001) J. Hypertens. , vol.19 , pp. 2271-2277
    • Logan, A.1    Perlikowski, S.2    Mente, A.3
  • 52
    • 0343362699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea and hypertension in a large community based study
    • Nieto F, Young T, Lind B, et al. Association of sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea and hypertension in a large community based study. JAMA 2000; 283: 1829-36
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 1829-1836
    • Nieto, F.1    Young, T.2    Lind, B.3
  • 53
    • 0034636477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population based study of the association between sleep disordered breathing and hypertension
    • Peppard P, Yong T, Palta M, et al. Population based study of the association between sleep disordered breathing and hypertension. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1378-84
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.342 , pp. 1378-1384
    • Peppard, P.1    Yong, T.2    Palta, M.3
  • 54
    • 0035885140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep apnea syndrome: A possible contributing factor to resistant hypertension
    • Lavie P, Hoffstein V. Sleep apnea syndrome: a possible contributing factor to resistant hypertension. Sleep 2001; 24 (6): 721-5
    • (2001) Sleep , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 721-725
    • Lavie, P.1    Hoffstein, V.2
  • 55
    • 0023519461 scopus 로고
    • Urinary catecholamines before and after tracheostomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension
    • Fletcher E, Miller J, Schaaf J, et al. Urinary catecholamines before and after tracheostomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension. Sleep 1987; 10: 35-44
    • (1987) Sleep , vol.10 , pp. 35-44
    • Fletcher, E.1    Miller, J.2    Schaaf, J.3
  • 56
    • 0029056033 scopus 로고
    • The effects of sleep apnea on plasma and urinary catecholamines
    • Dimsdale J, Coy T, Ziegler M, et al. The effects of sleep apnea on plasma and urinary catecholamines. Sleep 1995; 18: 377-81
    • (1995) Sleep , vol.18 , pp. 377-381
    • Dimsdale, J.1    Coy, T.2    Ziegler, M.3
  • 57
    • 0029977318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuated endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in patients with sleep apnoea
    • Carlson J, Rangemark C, Hedner J. Attenuated endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in patients with sleep apnoea. J Hypertens 1996; 14: 577-84
    • (1996) J. Hypertens. , vol.14 , pp. 577-584
    • Carlson, J.1    Rangemark, C.2    Hedner, J.3
  • 58
    • 0033534086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nocturnal CPAP decreases daytime sympathetic traffic in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Narkiewicz K, Masahiko K, Phillips B, et al. Nocturnal CPAP decreases daytime sympathetic traffic in obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation 1999; 100: 2332-5
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 2332-2335
    • Narkiewicz, K.1    Masahiko, K.2    Phillips, B.3
  • 59
    • 0036528902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired vasodilator responses in obstructive sleep apnea are improved with CPAP therapy
    • Imodojemu V, Gleeson K, Quraishi S, et al. Impaired vasodilator responses in obstructive sleep apnea are improved with CPAP therapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165: 950-3
    • (2002) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.165 , pp. 950-953
    • Imodojemu, V.1    Gleeson, K.2    Quraishi, S.3
  • 60
    • 0033862686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increases in leptin levels, sympathetic drive, and weight gain in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Phillips B, Kato M, Narkiewicz K, et al. Increases in leptin levels, sympathetic drive, and weight gain in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000; 279: H234-7
    • (2000) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , vol.279
    • Phillips, B.1    Kato, M.2    Narkiewicz, K.3
  • 61
    • 0031606279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic leptin infusion increases arterial pressure
    • Shek E, Brands M, Hall J. Chronic leptin infusion increases arterial pressure. Hypertension 1998; 31: 409-14
    • (1998) Hypertension , vol.31 , pp. 409-414
    • Shek, E.1    Brands, M.2    Hall, J.3
  • 62
    • 0037422591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of nasal CPAP treatment on blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
    • Becker H, Jerrentrup A, Ploch T, et al. Effect of nasal CPAP treatment on blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation 2003; 107: 68-73
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 68-73
    • Becker, H.1    Jerrentrup, A.2    Ploch, T.3
  • 63
    • 0024401662 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension, hypoxemia and hypercapnia in obstructive sleep apnea patients
    • Kreiger J, Sforza E, Apprill M, et al. Pulmonary hypertension, hypoxemia and hypercapnia in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Chest 1989; 96: 729-37
    • (1989) Chest , vol.96 , pp. 729-737
    • Kreiger, J.1    Sforza, E.2    Apprill, M.3
  • 64
    • 0030024303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hemodynamics in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: Results in 220 consecutive patients
    • Chaouat A, Weitzenblum E, Krieger J, et al. Pulmonary hemodynamics in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: results in 220 consecutive patients. Chest 1996; 109: 380-6
    • (1996) Chest , vol.109 , pp. 380-386
    • Chaouat, A.1    Weitzenblum, E.2    Krieger, J.3
  • 65
    • 0028158376 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    • Sajkov D, Cowie R, Thornton A, et al. Pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 416-22
    • (1994) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.149 , pp. 416-422
    • Sajkov, D.1    Cowie, R.2    Thornton, A.3
  • 66
    • 0023149436 scopus 로고
    • Long-term cardiopulmonary sequelae in patients with sleep apnea and chronic lung disease
    • Fletcher E, Schaaf J, Miller J, et al. Long-term cardiopulmonary sequelae in patients with sleep apnea and chronic lung disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 135: 525-33
    • (1987) Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , vol.135 , pp. 525-533
    • Fletcher, E.1    Schaaf, J.2    Miller, J.3
  • 67
    • 0028868266 scopus 로고
    • Association of chronic obstructive lung disease and sleep apnea syndrome
    • Chauout A, Weitzenblum E, Krieger J, et al. Association of chronic obstructive lung disease and sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: 82-6
    • (1995) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.151 , pp. 82-86
    • Chauout, A.1    Weitzenblum, E.2    Krieger, J.3
  • 68
    • 0029949783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension in the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: Prevalence, causes and therapeutic consequences
    • Kessler R, Chaouat A, Weitzenblum E, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: prevalence, causes and therapeutic consequences. Eur Respir J 1996; 9: 787-94
    • (1996) Eur. Respir. J. , vol.9 , pp. 787-794
    • Kessler, R.1    Chaouat, A.2    Weitzenblum, E.3
  • 69
    • 0033941213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of habitual snoring and obesity in the development of diabetes: A 10-year follow-up study in a male population
    • Elmasry A, Janson C, Lindberg E, et al. The role of habitual snoring and obesity in the development of diabetes: a 10-year follow-up study in a male population. J Intern Med 2000; 248: 13-20
    • (2000) J. Intern. Med. , vol.248 , pp. 13-20
    • Elmasry, A.1    Janson, C.2    Lindberg, E.3
  • 70
    • 0036499751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep-disordered breathing and insulin resistance in middle-aged and overweight men
    • Punjabi N, Sorkin J, Katzel L, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and insulin resistance in middle-aged and overweight men. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165: 677-82
    • (2002) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.165 , pp. 677-682
    • Punjabi, N.1    Sorkin, J.2    Katzel, L.3
  • 71
    • 0036499482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with insulin resistance
    • Ip M, Lam B, Mg M, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with insulin resistance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165: 670-6
    • (2002) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.165 , pp. 670-676
    • Ip, M.1    Lam, B.2    Mg, M.3
  • 72
    • 0033598598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function
    • Spiegal K, Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function. Lancet 1999; 354: 1435-9
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 1435-1439
    • Spiegal, K.1    Leproult, R.2    Van Cauter, E.3
  • 73
    • 0034455007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness and fatigue: Relation to visceral obesity, insulin resistance and hypercytokinemia
    • Vgontzas A, Papanicolaou D, Bixler E, et al. Sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness and fatigue: relation to visceral obesity, insulin resistance and hypercytokinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 1151-8
    • (2000) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.85 , pp. 1151-1158
    • Vgontzas, A.1    Papanicolaou, D.2    Bixler, E.3
  • 74
    • 8044235821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visceral fat accumulation as an important risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in obese subjects
    • Shinohara E, Kihara S, Yamashita S, et al. Visceral fat accumulation as an important risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in obese subjects. J Intern Med 1997; 241: 11-8
    • (1997) J. Intern. Med. , vol.241 , pp. 11-18
    • Shinohara, E.1    Kihara, S.2    Yamashita, S.3
  • 75
    • 0038009871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic disturbances on obesity vs sleep apnoea: The importance of visceral obesity and insulin resistance
    • Vgontzas A, Bixler E, Chrousos G. Metabolic disturbances on obesity vs sleep apnoea: the importance of visceral obesity and insulin resistance. J Intern Med 2003; 254: 32-44
    • (2003) J. Intern. Med. , vol.254 , pp. 32-44
    • Vgontzas, A.1    Bixler, E.2    Chrousos, G.3
  • 76
    • 0028580628 scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnoea in obese noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients: Effect of CPAP treatment on insulin responsiveness
    • Brooks B, Cistulli P, Borkman M, et al. Obstructive sleep apnoea in obese noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients: effect of CPAP treatment on insulin responsiveness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994; 79: 1681-5
    • (1994) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.79 , pp. 1681-1685
    • Brooks, B.1    Cistulli, P.2    Borkman, M.3
  • 77
    • 0035746136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CPAP treatment does not affect glucose-insulin metabolism in sleep apnoeic patients
    • Smurra M, Philip P, Taillard J, et al. CPAP treatment does not affect glucose-insulin metabolism in sleep apnoeic patients. Sleep Med 2001; 2: 207-13
    • (2001) Sleep Med. , vol.2 , pp. 207-213
    • Smurra, M.1    Philip, P.2    Taillard, J.3
  • 78
    • 0025336959 scopus 로고
    • Association of sleep apnea with myocardial infarction in men
    • Hung J, Whiford E, Parsons R, et al. Association of sleep apnea with myocardial infarction in men. Lancet 1990; 336: 261-4
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.336 , pp. 261-264
    • Hung, J.1    Whiford, E.2    Parsons, R.3
  • 79
    • 0030249693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep-disordered breathing in women: Occurrence and association with coronary disease
    • Sep
    • Mooe T, Rabben T, Wiklund U, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing in women: occurrence and association with coronary disease. Am J Med 1996 Sep; 101 (3): 251-6
    • (1996) Am. J. Med. , vol.101 , Issue.3 , pp. 251-256
    • Mooe, T.1    Rabben, T.2    Wiklund, U.3
  • 80
    • 0035148723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease: Cross-sectional results of the Sleep Heart Health Study
    • Jan
    • Shabar E, Whitney C, Redline S, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease: cross-sectional results of the Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001 Jan; 163: 19-25
    • (2001) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.163 , pp. 19-25
    • Shabar, E.1    Whitney, C.2    Redline, S.3
  • 81
    • 0037188605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated C-reactive protein in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
    • Shamsuzzaman A, Winnicki M, Lanfranchi P, et al. Elevated C-reactive protein in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation 2002; 105: 2462-4
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 2462-2464
    • Shamsuzzaman, A.1    Winnicki, M.2    Lanfranchi, P.3
  • 82
    • 0037215191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on circulating ICAM-1, IL-8, and MCP-1
    • Ohga E, Tomita T, Wada H, et al. Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on circulating ICAM-1, IL-8, and MCP-1. J Appl Physiol 2003; 94 (1): 179-84
    • (2003) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.94 , Issue.1 , pp. 179-184
    • Ohga, E.1    Tomita, T.2    Wada, H.3
  • 83
    • 0036528981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased adhesion molecules expression and production of reactive oxygen species in leukocytes of sleep apnea patients
    • Dyugovskaya L, Lavie P, Lavie L. Increased adhesion molecules expression and production of reactive oxygen species in leukocytes of sleep apnea patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165: 934-9
    • (2002) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.165 , pp. 934-939
    • Dyugovskaya, L.1    Lavie, P.2    Lavie, L.3
  • 84
    • 0020599777 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac arrhythmia and conduction disturbances during sleep in 400 patients with sleep apnea syndrome
    • Guilleminault C, Connolly S, Winkle R. Cardiac arrhythmia and conduction disturbances during sleep in 400 patients with sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Cardiol 1983; 52: 490-4
    • (1983) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.52 , pp. 490-494
    • Guilleminault, C.1    Connolly, S.2    Winkle, R.3
  • 85
    • 0031718712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart block in patients with sleep apnea
    • Becker H, Koehler U, Stammnitz A, et al. Heart block in patients with sleep apnea. Thorax 1998; 53 Suppl. 3: S29-32
    • (1998) Thorax , vol.53 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Becker, H.1    Koehler, U.2    Stammnitz, A.3
  • 86
    • 0017665945 scopus 로고
    • Sleep-induced apnea syndrome: Prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and their reversal after tracheostomy
    • Sep
    • Tilkian A, Guilleminault C, Schroeder J, et al. Sleep-induced apnea syndrome: prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and their reversal after tracheostomy. Am J Med 1977 Sep; 63 (3): 348-58
    • (1977) Am. J. Med. , vol.63 , Issue.3 , pp. 348-358
    • Tilkian, A.1    Guilleminault, C.2    Schroeder, J.3
  • 87
    • 0030585718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiologic evaluation of sinus node function and atrioventricular conduction in patient with prolonged ventricular asystole during obstructive sleep apnea
    • Grimm W, Hoffman J, Menz V, et al. Electrophysiologic evaluation of sinus node function and atrioventricular conduction in patient with prolonged ventricular asystole during obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Cardiol 1996; 77: 1310-4
    • (1996) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.77 , pp. 1310-1314
    • Grimm, W.1    Hoffman, J.2    Menz, V.3
  • 88
    • 0028852609 scopus 로고
    • Reversal of sinus arrest and atrioventricular conduction block in patients with sleep apnea during nasal CPAP
    • Becker H, Brandenburg U, Peter J, et al. Reversal of sinus arrest and atrioventricular conduction block in patients with sleep apnea during nasal CPAP. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: 215-8
    • (1995) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.151 , pp. 215-218
    • Becker, H.1    Brandenburg, U.2    Peter, J.3
  • 89
    • 0028938230 scopus 로고
    • Occult sleep disordered breathing in stable congestive heart failure
    • Javaheri S, Parker T, Wexler L, et al. Occult sleep disordered breathing in stable congestive heart failure. Ann Intern Med 1995; 122 (7): 487-92
    • (1995) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.122 , Issue.7 , pp. 487-492
    • Javaheri, S.1    Parker, T.2    Wexler, L.3
  • 90
    • 0008813214 scopus 로고
    • Is sleep apnea a new prognostic marker in heart failure?
    • Wilcox I, McNamara S, Willson G, et al. Is sleep apnea a new prognostic marker in heart failure? Circulation 1995; 92: I-274
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92
    • Wilcox, I.1    McNamara, S.2    Willson, G.3
  • 91
    • 0034604274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of CPAP on cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure patients with and without Cheyne-Stokes respiration
    • Sin D, Logan A, Fitzgerald F, et al. Effects of CPAP on cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure patients with and without Cheyne-Stokes respiration. Circulation 2000; 102: 61-6
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 61-66
    • Sin, D.1    Logan, A.2    Fitzgerald, F.3
  • 92
    • 0029950366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep apnea in patients with transient ischemic attack and stroke: A prospective study of 59 patients
    • Bassetti C, Aldrich M, Chervin R, et al. Sleep apnea in patients with transient ischemic attack and stroke: a prospective study of 59 patients. Neurology 1996; 47: 1167-73
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47 , pp. 1167-1173
    • Bassetti, C.1    Aldrich, M.2    Chervin, R.3
  • 93
    • 0029998849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating the relationship between stroke and obstructive sleep apnea
    • Dyken M, Somers V, Yamada T, et al. Investigating the relationship between stroke and obstructive sleep apnea. Stroke 1996; 27: 410-7
    • (1996) Stroke , vol.27 , pp. 410-417
    • Dyken, M.1    Somers, V.2    Yamada, T.3
  • 94
    • 0030050391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep-disordered breathing and poor functional outcome after stroke
    • Good D, Henkle J, Gelber D, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and poor functional outcome after stroke. Stroke 1996; 27: 252-9
    • (1996) Stroke , vol.27 , pp. 252-259
    • Good, D.1    Henkle, J.2    Gelber, D.3
  • 95
    • 0031868111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automobile accidents in patients with sleep apnea syndrome
    • Barbe F, Pericas J, Munoz A, et al. Automobile accidents in patients with sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158: 18-22
    • (1998) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.158 , pp. 18-22
    • Barbe, F.1    Pericas, J.2    Munoz, A.3
  • 96
    • 0344820724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between sleep apnea and the risk of traffic accidents: Cooperative Group Burgos-Santander
    • Teran-Santos J, Jimenez-Gomez A, Cordero-Guevara J. The association between sleep apnea and the risk of traffic accidents: Cooperative Group Burgos-Santander. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 847-51
    • (1999) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.340 , pp. 847-851
    • Teran-Santos, J.1    Jimenez-Gomez, A.2    Cordero-Guevara, J.3
  • 97
    • 0034959062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in motor vehicle collisions following treatment of sleep apnoea with nasal CPAP
    • George C. Reduction in motor vehicle collisions following treatment of sleep apnoea with nasal CPAP. Thorax 2001; 56: 508-12
    • (2001) Thorax , vol.56 , pp. 508-512
    • George, C.1
  • 98
    • 0028052215 scopus 로고
    • Sleep apnea, sleepiness and driving risk
    • American Thoracic Society
    • American Thoracic Society. Sleep apnea, sleepiness and driving risk. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150: 1463-73
    • (1994) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.150 , pp. 1463-1473
  • 99
    • 0037099155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged men with obstructive sleep apnea: A 7-year follow-up
    • Peker Y, Hedner J, Norum J, et al. Increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged men with obstructive sleep apnea: a 7-year follow-up. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166: 159-65
    • (2002) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.166 , pp. 159-165
    • Peker, Y.1    Hedner, J.2    Norum, J.3
  • 100
    • 0023684272 scopus 로고
    • Mortality and apnea index in obstructive sleep apnea: Experience in 385 male patients
    • He J, Keyger MH, Worick FJ, et al. Mortality and apnea index in obstructive sleep apnea: experience in 385 male patients. Chest 1988; 94: 9-14
    • (1988) Chest , vol.94 , pp. 9-14
    • He, J.1    Keyger, M.H.2    Worick, F.J.3
  • 101
    • 0024239442 scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients: Mortality
    • Partinen M, Jamieson A, Guillmeminault C. Long-term outcome for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients: mortality. Chest 1988; 94: 1200-4
    • (1988) Chest , vol.94 , pp. 1200-1204
    • Partinen, M.1    Jamieson, A.2    Guillmeminault, C.3
  • 102
    • 0033915081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory disturbance index: An independent predictor of mortality in coronary artery disease
    • Peker Y, Hedner J, Kraiczi H, et al. Respiratory disturbance index: an independent predictor of mortality in coronary artery disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 81-6
    • (2000) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.162 , pp. 81-86
    • Peker, Y.1    Hedner, J.2    Kraiczi, H.3
  • 103
    • 0142074238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home diagnosis of sleep apnea: A systematic review of the literature. An evidence review co-sponsored by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the American College of Chest Physicians, and the American Thoracic Society
    • Flemons WW, Littner MR, Rowley JA, et al. Home diagnosis of sleep apnea: a systematic review of the literature. An evidence review co-sponsored by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the American College of Chest Physicians, and the American Thoracic Society. Chest 2003; 124 (4): 1543-79
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124 , Issue.4 , pp. 1543-1579
    • Flemons, W.W.1    Littner, M.R.2    Rowley, J.A.3
  • 104
    • 0028282052 scopus 로고
    • Compliance with CPAP therapy in patients with the sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome
    • Engleman H, Martin S, Douglas N. Compliance with CPAP therapy in patients with the sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Thorax 1994; 49: 263-6
    • (1994) Thorax , vol.49 , pp. 263-266
    • Engleman, H.1    Martin, S.2    Douglas, N.3
  • 106
    • 0029945459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self reported use of CPAP and benefits of CPAP therapy: A patient survey
    • Engleman H, Asgari-Jirhandeh N, McLeod A, et al. Self reported use of CPAP and benefits of CPAP therapy: a patient survey. Chest 1996; 109: 1470-6
    • (1996) Chest , vol.109 , pp. 1470-1476
    • Engleman, H.1    Asgari-Jirhandeh, N.2    McLeod, A.3
  • 107
    • 0026600696 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with nasal CPAP: Patient compliance, perception of benefits and side effects
    • Hoffstein V, Viner S, Mateika S, et al. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with nasal CPAP: patient compliance, perception of benefits and side effects. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145: 841-5
    • (1992) Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , vol.145 , pp. 841-845
    • Hoffstein, V.1    Viner, S.2    Mateika, S.3
  • 108
    • 0030499027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term compliance with CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep apnea patients and in snorers
    • Kreiger J. Long-term compliance with CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep apnea patients and in snorers. Sleep 1996; 19 (9 Suppl.): 136-43
    • (1996) Sleep , vol.19 , Issue.9 SUPPL. , pp. 136-143
    • Kreiger, J.1
  • 109
    • 0028013165 scopus 로고
    • Predictive factors of long-term compliance with nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment in sleep apnea syndrome
    • Meurice J, Dore P, Paquesteau J, et al. Predictive factors of long-term compliance with nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment in sleep apnea syndrome. Chest 1994; 105: 429-33
    • (1994) Chest , vol.105 , pp. 429-433
    • Meurice, J.1    Dore, P.2    Paquesteau, J.3
  • 110
    • 0037468692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea
    • Kaneko Y, Floras J, Usui K, et al. Cardiovascular effects of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1233-41
    • (2003) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.348 , pp. 1233-1241
    • Kaneko, Y.1    Floras, J.2    Usui, K.3
  • 111
    • 0030910880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compliance with nasal CPAP can be improved by simple interventions
    • Chervin R, Theut S, Bassetti C, et al. Compliance with nasal CPAP can be improved by simple interventions. Sleep 1997; 20: 284-9
    • (1997) Sleep , vol.20 , pp. 284-289
    • Chervin, R.1    Theut, S.2    Bassetti, C.3
  • 112
    • 0031007309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group education sessions and compliance with nasal CPAP therapy
    • Likar L, Panciera T, Erickson A, et al. Group education sessions and compliance with nasal CPAP therapy. Chest 1997; 111: 1273-7
    • (1997) Chest , vol.111 , pp. 1273-1277
    • Likar, L.1    Panciera, T.2    Erickson, A.3
  • 113
    • 0027992526 scopus 로고
    • Nasal masks for domiciliary positive pressure ventilation: Patient usage and complications
    • Jones D, Braid G, Wedzicha J. Nasal masks for domiciliary positive pressure ventilation: patient usage and complications. Thorax 1994; 49: 811-2
    • (1994) Thorax , vol.49 , pp. 811-812
    • Jones, D.1    Braid, G.2    Wedzicha, J.3
  • 114
    • 0030017085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mouth leak with nasal continuous positive airway pressure increases nasal airway resistance
    • Richards G, Cistulli P, Ungar R, et al. Mouth leak with nasal continuous positive airway pressure increases nasal airway resistance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 154: 182-6
    • (1996) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.154 , pp. 182-186
    • Richards, G.1    Cistulli, P.2    Ungar, R.3
  • 115
    • 0029790910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computerized adjustable vs fixed NCPAP treatment of obstructive sleep apnea
    • Scharf M, Brannen D, McDannold M, et al. Computerized adjustable vs fixed NCPAP treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 1996; 19: 491-6
    • (1996) Sleep , vol.19 , pp. 491-496
    • Scharf, M.1    Brannen, D.2    McDannold, M.3
  • 116
    • 0031031349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic nasal continuous positive airway pressure titration in the laboratory: Patient outcomes
    • Stradling J, Barbour C, Pitson D, et al. Automatic nasal continuous positive airway pressure titration in the laboratory: patient outcomes. Thorax 1997; 52: 72-5
    • (1997) Thorax , vol.52 , pp. 72-75
    • Stradling, J.1    Barbour, C.2    Pitson, D.3
  • 117
    • 0030061722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of auto-CPAP in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome
    • Meurice J, Marc I, Series F. Efficacy of auto-CPAP in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 794-8
    • (1996) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.153 , pp. 794-798
    • Meurice, J.1    Marc, I.2    Series, F.3
  • 118
    • 0028878475 scopus 로고
    • Continuous versus bilevel positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnea
    • Reeves-Hoche M, Hudgel D, Meck R, et al. Continuous versus bilevel positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: 443-9
    • (1995) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.151 , pp. 443-449
    • Reeves-Hoche, M.1    Hudgel, D.2    Meck, R.3
  • 119
    • 0028057830 scopus 로고
    • Effect of short-term NIPPV in the treatment of patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea and hypercapnia
    • Piper A, Sullivan C. Effect of short-term NIPPV in the treatment of patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea and hypercapnia. Chest 1994; 105: 434-40
    • (1994) Chest , vol.105 , pp. 434-440
    • Piper, A.1    Sullivan, C.2
  • 120
    • 0031958539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bi-level positive airway pressure treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
    • Laursen S, Dreijer B, Hemmingsen C, et al. Bi-level positive airway pressure treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea. syndrome. Respiration 1998; 65: 114-9
    • (1998) Respiration , vol.65 , pp. 114-119
    • Laursen, S.1    Dreijer, B.2    Hemmingsen, C.3
  • 121
    • 0031881540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: Predictive factors and treatment with bilevel-positive airway pressure
    • Schafer H, Hasper E, Luderitz B. Failure of CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: predictive factors and treatment with bilevel-positive airway pressure. Respir Med 1998; 92: 208-15
    • (1998) Respir. Med. , vol.92 , pp. 208-215
    • Schafer, H.1    Hasper, E.2    Luderitz, B.3
  • 122
    • 0025000544 scopus 로고
    • Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for treatment of OSA
    • Shepard J, Olsen D. Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for treatment of OSA. Mayo Clin Proc 1990; 65: 1260-7
    • (1990) Mayo Clin. Proc. , vol.65 , pp. 1260-1267
    • Shepard, J.1    Olsen, D.2
  • 123
    • 0036304205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The characteristics of five patients with obstructive sleep apnea whose apnea-hypopnea index deteriorated after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
    • Sasse S, Mahutte C, Kickeo M, et al. The characteristics of five patients with obstructive sleep apnea whose apnea-hypopnea index deteriorated after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Sleep Breath 2002; 6 (2): 77-83
    • (2002) Sleep Breath , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 77-83
    • Sasse, S.1    Mahutte, C.2    Kickeo, M.3
  • 124
    • 0024317003 scopus 로고
    • Maxillomandibular advancement surgery in 23 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    • Waite P, Wooten V, Lachner J, et al. Maxillomandibular advancement surgery in 23 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1989; 47: 1256-61
    • (1989) J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. , vol.47 , pp. 1256-1261
    • Waite, P.1    Wooten, V.2    Lachner, J.3
  • 125
    • 0027465291 scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A review of 306 consecutively treated surgical patients
    • Riley R, Powell N, Guilleminault C. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a review of 306 consecutively treated surgical patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1993; 108: 117-25
    • (1993) Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. , vol.108 , pp. 117-125
    • Riley, R.1    Powell, N.2    Guilleminault, C.3
  • 126
    • 0029126092 scopus 로고
    • Oral appliances for the treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea: A review
    • Schmidt-Nowara W, Lowe A, Wiegand L, et al. Oral appliances for the treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea: a review. Sleep 1995; 18: 501-10
    • (1995) Sleep , vol.18 , pp. 501-510
    • Schmidt-Nowara, W.1    Lowe, A.2    Wiegand, L.3
  • 127
    • 0037106259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized crossover trial of two treatments for sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome: CPAP and mandibular repositioning splint
    • Engleman H, McDonald J, Graham D, et al. Randomized crossover trial of two treatments for sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome: CPAP and mandibular repositioning splint. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166: 855-9
    • (2002) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.166 , pp. 855-859
    • Engleman, H.1    McDonald, J.2    Graham, D.3
  • 128
    • 0021322182 scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnea and body weight
    • Browman C, Sampson M, Yolles S, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and body weight. Chest 1984; 85: 435-6
    • (1984) Chest , vol.85 , pp. 435-436
    • Browman, C.1    Sampson, M.2    Yolles, S.3
  • 129
    • 0022360311 scopus 로고
    • Weight loss in mildly to moderately obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea
    • Smith PL, Gold AR, Meyers DA, et al. Weight loss in mildly to moderately obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Ann Intern Med 1985; 103: 850-5
    • (1985) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.103 , pp. 850-855
    • Smith, P.L.1    Gold, A.R.2    Meyers, D.A.3
  • 130
    • 0030022818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep apnea after 1 year domiciliary nasal-continuous positive airway pressure and attempted weight reduction
    • Noseda A, Kempenaers C, Kerkhofs M, et al. Sleep apnea after 1 year domiciliary nasal-continuous positive airway pressure and attempted weight reduction. Chest 1996; 109: 138-43
    • (1996) Chest , vol.109 , pp. 138-143
    • Noseda, A.1    Kempenaers, C.2    Kerkhofs, M.3
  • 131
    • 0031868218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A nurse-managed weight reduction programme for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
    • Lojander J, Mustajoki P, Ronka S, et al. A nurse-managed weight reduction programme for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. J Intern Med 1998; 244: 251-5
    • (1998) J. Intern. Med. , vol.244 , pp. 251-255
    • Lojander, J.1    Mustajoki, P.2    Ronka, S.3
  • 132
    • 0037330792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastric bypass is an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with clinically significant obesity
    • Feb
    • Rasheid S, Banasiak M, Gallagher SF, et al. Gastric bypass is an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with clinically significant obesity. Obes Surg 2003 Feb; 13 (1): 58-61
    • (2003) Obes. Surg. , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 58-61
    • Rasheid, S.1    Banasiak, M.2    Gallagher, S.F.3
  • 133
    • 0032993678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positional treatment vs CPAP in patient with positional obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    • Jokic R, Klimaszewski A, Crossley M, et al. Positional treatment vs CPAP in patient with positional obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Chest 1999; 115: 771-81
    • (1999) Chest , vol.115 , pp. 771-781
    • Jokic, R.1    Klimaszewski, A.2    Crossley, M.3
  • 134
    • 0031959711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nasal congestion secondary to allergic rhinitis as a cause of sleep disturbance and daytime fatigue and the response to topical nasal corticosteroids
    • Craig T, Teets S, Lehman E, et al. Nasal congestion secondary to allergic rhinitis as a cause of sleep disturbance and daytime fatigue and the response to topical nasal corticosteroids. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998; 101: 633-7
    • (1998) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. , vol.101 , pp. 633-637
    • Craig, T.1    Teets, S.2    Lehman, E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.