Clinical relevance of esophageal and gastric pH measurements in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Current Medical Research and Opinion

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 27-36

  DiMarino Jr , Anthony J ^a   Cohen, Sidney ^a  

^a THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD); pH monitoring, gastric, esophageal; Proton pump inhibitor therapy

Indexed keywords

PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR; STOMACH SECRETION INHIBITOR;

DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DRUG EFFICACY; ENDOSCOPY; ESOPHAGITIS; ESOPHAGUS MUCOSA; ESOPHAGUS PH; GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; HEALTH CARE COST; HUMAN; IMPEDANCE; MEDLINE; PH MEASUREMENT; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STOMACH PH; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TECHNOLOGY; TREATMENT FAILURE;

GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; HUMANS; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; MONITORING, PHYSIOLOGIC; PROTON PUMPS;

EID: 14744273271     PISSN: 03007995     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1185/174234304X17965     Document Type: Review

References (88)

1. Katz PO. Progress in geriatrics: gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Am Geriatri Soc 1998;46:1558-75
2. The Gallup Organization. A gallup organization national survey: heartburn across America. Princeton: The Gallup Organization; 1988
3. Sandler RS, Everhart JE, Donowitz M, et al. The burden of selected digestive disease in the United States. Gastroenterol 2002;122:1500-11
4. Katzka DA, Rustgi AK. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus. Med Clin North Am 2000;84:1137-61
5. Orlando RC. The management of acid related disorders: clinical practice and therapeutic principles. Clinical reviews. The pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease: the relationship between epithelial defence, dysmotility, and acid exposure. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92:3-7
6. Huang JQ, Hunt RH. pH, healing rate, and symptom relief in patients with GERD. Yale J Biol Med 1999;72:181-94
7. Donahue PE. Basic considerations in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Surg Clin North Am 1997;77:1017-40
8. Hunt RH. Importance of pH control in the management of GERD. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:649-57
9. Schepp W. Proton pump inhibitory therapy: then and now. Yale J Biol Med 1996;69:175-86
10. Dajani EZ, Klamut MJ. Novel therapeutic approaches to gastric and duodenal ulcers: an update. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2000;9:1537-44
11. Cheer SM, Prakash A, Faulds D, et al. Pantoprazole: an update of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in the management of acid-related disorders. Drugs 2003;63:101-33
12. Robinson M. Drugs, bugs, and esophageal pH profiles. Yale J Biol Med 1999;72:169-72
13. Horn J. The proton-pump inhibitors: similarities and differences. Clin Ther 2000;22:266-80
14. Katz PO. Ambulatory intragastric pH monitoring: clinical laboratory to clinical practice. Rev Gastroenterol Disord 2003;3(Suppl. 4):S3-9
15. Milkes D, Gerson LB, Triadafilopoulos G. Complete elimination of reflux symptoms does not guarantee normalization of intraesophageal and intragastric pH in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:991-6
16. Bremner RM, Bremner CG, DeMeester TR. Gastroesophageal reflux: the use of pH monitoring. Current problems in surgery 1995;32:429-558
17. Spencer J. Prolonged pH recording in the study of gastroesophageal reflux. Br J Surg 1969;56:912-4
18. Johnson LF, DeMeester TR. Twenty-four-hour pH monitoring of the distal esophagus. A quantitative measure of gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Gastroenterol 1974;62:325-32
19. Adhami T, Richter JE. Twenty-four hour pH monitoring in the assessment of esophageal function. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001;13:241-54
20. Belafsky PC, Allen K, Castro-Del Rosario L, et al. Wireless pH testing as an adjunct to unsedated transnasal esophagoscopy: the safety and efficacy of transnasal telemetry capsule placement. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004;131:26-8
21. Murphy DW, Yuan Y, Castell DO. Does the intraesophageal pH probe accurately detect acid reflux? Simultaneous recording with two pH probes in humans. Dig Dis Sci 1989;34:649-56
22. De Caestecker JS, Heading RC. Esophageal pH monitoring. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1990;19:645-69
23. Dent J, Holloway RH. Gastrointestinal motility in clinical practice: esophageal motility and reflux testing. Gastroenterology Clinics 1996;25:51-73
24. Gardner JD, Rodriguez-Stanley S, Robinson M. Integrated acidity and the pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96:1363-70
25. Rebecchi F, Di FI, Giaccone C, Morino M. Improving the analysis of esophageal acid exposure by a new parameter: area under H+. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:568-74
26. Pace F, Annese V, Ceccatelli P, et al. Ambulatory oesophageal pH-metry. Position paper of the Working Team on Oesophageal pH-metry by the GISMAD [Gruppo Italiano di Studio sulla Motilita dell'Apparato Digerente]. Dig Dis Sci 2000;32:357-64
27. Weiner GJ, Morgan TM, Copper JB, et al. Ambulatory 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring: reproducibility and variability of pH parameters. Dig Dis Sci 1988;33:1127-33
28. Johnsson F, Joelsson B. Reproducibility of ambulatory oesophageal pH monitoring. Gut 1998;29:886-9
29. Aksglaede K, Funch-Jensen P, Thommesen P. Intra-esophageal pH probe movement during eating and talking. Acta Radiol 2003;44:131-5
30. Kahrilas PJ, Quigley EM. Clinical esophageal pH recording: a technical review for practice guideline development. Gastroenterol 1996;110:1982-96
31. Katz PO. Review article: the role of non-acid reflux in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14:1539-51
32. Girelli CM, Cuvello P, Limido E, et al. Duodenogastric reflux: an update. Am J Gastroenterol 1996;91:648-53
33. Attwood SE, DeMeester TR, Bremner CG, et al. Alkaline gastroesophageal reflux: implications in the development of complications in Barrett's columnar-lined lower esophagus. Surgery 1989;106:764-70
34. Pelligrini CA, DeMeester TR, Wernley JA, et al. Alkaline gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Surg 1978;135:177-84
35. Singh S, Bradley LA, Richter JE. Determinants of oesophageal 'alkaline' environment in controls and patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gut 1993;34:309-16
36. Koek GH, Tack J, Sifrim D, et al. The role of acid and duodenal gastroesophageal reflux in symptomatic GERD. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96:2033-40
37. Tack J, Koek G, Demedts I, et al. Gastroesophageal reflux disease poorly responsive to single-dose proton pump inhibitors in patients without Barrett's esophagus: acid reflux, bile reflux, or both? Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:981-8
38. Shay SS, Johnson LF, Richter JE. Acid reflux: a review emphasizing detection by impedance manometry, and scintigraphy, and the impact on acid clearance pathophysiology as well as interpreting the pH record. Dig Dis Sci 2003;48:1-9
39. Arora AS, Murray JA. Streamlining 24-hour pH study for GERD: use of a 3-hour postprandial test. Dig Dis Sci 2003;48:10-5
40. Sarani B, Gleiber M, Evans SR. Esophageal pH monitoring, indications, and methods. J Clin Gastroenterol 2002;34:200-6
41. Baron TH, Richter JE. The use of esophageal function tests. Adv Intern Med 1993;38:361-86
42. Dhiman RK, Saraswat VA, Naik SR. Ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring: technique, and clinical indications. Dig Dis Sci 2002;47:241-50
43. Jamieson JR, Stein CM, DeMeester TR, et al. Ambulatory 24-h esophageal pH monitoring: normal values, optimal thresholds, specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Am J Gastroenterol 1992;87:1071-5
44. Ward BW, Wu WC, Richter JE, et al. Ambulatory 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. Technology searching for a clinical application. J Clin Gastroenterol 1986;8:59-67
45. American Gastroenterological Association. American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: guidelines on the use of esophageal pH recordings. Gastroenterology 1996;110:1981-2006
46. Breumelhof R, Smout AJ. The symptom sensitivity index: a valuable additional parameter in 24-hour esophageal pH recording. Am J Gastroenterol 1991;86:160-4
47. Weusten BL, Roelofs JM, Akkermans LM, et al. The symptom-association probability: an improved method for symptom analysis of 24-hour esophageal pH data. Gastroenterology 1994;107:1741-5
48. Wunderlich AW, Murray JA. Temporal correlation between chronic cough and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Dig Dis Sci 2003;48:1050-6
49. Colas-Atger E, Bonaz B, Papillon E, et al. Relationship between acid reflux episodes and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms is very inconstant. Dig Dis Sci 2002;47:645-51
50. Soto Perez JC, Icaza ME, Vargas F, et al. Non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease. Incidence of clinical forms, characteristics of esophageal exposure to acid and symptomatic correlations. Rev Gastroenterol Mex 2003;68:113-9
51. Hongo M, Tamura D. Non-erosive GERD. Nippon Rinsho 2004;62:1565-9
52. Hatlebakk JG, Katz PO, Castell DO. Medical therapy. Management of the refractory patient. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1999;28:847-60
53. Johansson KE, Ask P, Boeryd B, et al. Esophagitis, signs of reflux, and gastric acid secretion in patients with symptoms of gastrooesophageal reflux disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987;21:837-47
54. Robertson S, Aldersley M, Shepherd H, et al. Patterns of acid reflux in complicated esophagitis. Gut 1987;28:1484-8
55. Bollschweiller E, Feussner H, Holscher AH, et al. pH monitoring: the gold standard in detection of gastrointestinal reflux disease. Dysphagia 1998;8:118-21
56. Katzka DA, Paoletti V, Leite L, et al. Prolonged ambulatory pH monitoring in patients with persistent gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms: testing while on therapy identifies the need for more aggressive anti-reflux therapy. Am J Gastroenterol 1996;91:2110-3
57. Katz PO, Anderson C, Khoury R, et al. Gastro-esophageal reflux associated with nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough on proton pump inhibitors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998;12:1231-4
58. Cross LB, Justice LN. Combination drug therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Ann Pharmacother 2002;36:912-6
59. 2RA therapy on nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough. Gastroenterol 2002;122:625-32
60. Vaezi MF. Refractory GERD: acid, nonacid, or not GERD? Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:989-90
61. Fimmel CJ, Etienne A, Cilluffo T, et al. Long-term ambulatory gastric pH monitoring: validation of a new method and effect of H2-antagonists. Gastroenterol 1985;88:1842-51
62. van Herwaarden MA, Samsom M, Smout AJ. 24-h recording of intragastric pH: technical aspects and clinical relevance. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1999;230:9-16
63. Stein HJ, DeMeester TR, Peters JH, et al. Technique, indications, and clinical use of ambulatory 24-hour gastric pH monitoring in a surgical practice. Surgery 1994;116:758-67
64. Fisher RS, Sher DJ, Donahue D, et al. A single intragastric pH electrode does not accurately measure intragastric acidity. Am J Gastroenterol 1996;91:1167-72
65. Reynolds JR, Walt RP, Hardcastle JD, et al. 24-hour intragastric pH: continuous monitoring or nasogastric aspiration? Digestion 1986;33:219-24
66. Merki HS. Day-to-day variation of 24-hour intragastric acidity. Gastroenterol 1988;94:887-91
67. Timmer W, Wehling M, Theiss U. 24-hour recording of intragastric pH in clinical trials: preconditions, methodology, and standardization strategies. J Clin Pharmacol 1997;37 (Suppl 1):34S-39S
68. Mela GS, Savarino V, Vigneri S, et al. Limitations of continuous 24-h intragastric pH monitoring in the diagnosis of duodenogastric reflux. Am J Gastroenterol 1995;95:933-7
69. Mattioli S, Felice V, Pilotti V, et al. Indications for 24-hour gastric pH monitoring with single and multiple probes in clinical research and practice. Dig Dis Sci 1992;37:1793-801
70. Barlow AP, Hinder RA, DeMeester TR, et al. Twenty-four hour gastric luminal pH in normal subjects: influence of probe position, food, posture, and duodenogastric reflux. Am J Gastroenterol 1994;89:2006-10
71. Pisegna JR, Norton JA, Slimak GG. Effects of curative gastrinoma resection on gastric secretory function and antisecretory drug requirement in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Gastroenterology 1992;102:7677-8
72. Timmer W, Wehling M, Theiss U. 24-hour recording of intragastric pH in clinical trials: preconditions, methodology, and standardization strategies. J Clin Pharmacol 1997;37 (Suppl 1):34S-39S
73. Burget DW, Chiverton SG, Hunt RH. Is there an optimal degree of acid suppression for healing of duodenal ulcers? A model of the relationship between ulcer healing and acid suppression. Gastroenterol 1990;99:345-1
74. Kuo B, Castell DO. Optimal dosing of omeprazole 40 mg daily: effects on gastric and esophageal pH and serum gastrin in healthy controls. Am J Gastroenterol 1996;91:1532-8
75. Fiorucci S, Santucci L, Chiucchiu S, et al. Gastric acidity and gastroesophageal reflux patterns in patients with esophagitis. Gastroenterol 1992;103:855-61
76. Bruley des Varannes S. Reflux esophagitis: respective roles of esophageal and gastric pathogenic factors. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1986;10:662-8
77. Bell NJ, Burget D, Howden CW, et al. Appropriate acid suppression for the management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Digestion 1992;51(Suppl 1):59-67
78. Katz PO. Lessons learned from intragastric pH monitoring. J Clin Gastroenterol 2001;33:107-13
79. Cortesini C. Usefulness of combined gastric and esophageal pH monitoring in detecting gastroesophageal alkaline and mixed reflux. Eur Surg Res 1984;16:378-83
80. Emde C, Cilluffo T, Bauerfeind P, et al. Combined esophageal and gastric pH-metry in healthy volunteers. Influence of cable through LES and effect of misoprostol. Dig Dis Sci 1989;34:79-82
81. Martinez SD, Malagon IB, Garewal HS, et al. Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) - acid reflux and symptom patterns. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;17:537-45
82. Castell DO, Vela M. Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH-metry: an evolving technique to measure type and proximal extent of gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Med 2001;111(Suppl 8A):157S-1579S
83. Shay SS, Bomeli S, Richter J. Multichannel intraluminal impedance accurately detects fasting, recumbent reflux events and their clearing. Am J Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2002;283:376-83
84. Shay S, Tutuian R, Sifrim D, et al. Twenty-four hour ambulatory simultaneous impedance and pH monitoring: a multicenter report of normal values from 60 healthy volunteers. Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:1037-43
85. Tack J, Vantrappen G, Huyberechts G, et al. Validation of a new method of measuring esophageal acid exposure. Dig Dis Sci 2003;48:16-21
86. Dekel R, Malagon IB, Green C, et al. Comparison of transnasally placed wireless pH capsule (BRAVO•) versus traditional 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring - a randomized trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98(9 Suppl 1):S38
87. Ward EM, Devault KR, Bouras EP, et al. Successful oesophageal pH monitoring with a catheter-free system. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004;19:449-54
88. Pandolfino JE, Richter JE, Ours T, et al. Ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring using a wireless system. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:740-9