Rapid growth and high performance: The entrepreneur's "impossible dream?"

Academy of Management Executive

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 77-89

  Nicholls Nixon, Charlene L ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 14744271386     PISSN: 10795545     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5465/ame.2005.15841955     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. See http://www.inc.com/magazine;www.annapolisinstitute. net/archives.
2. Shipper, F., & Manz, C. 2002. W. L. Gore & Associates Inc., 1996; Juan Antonio Fernandez, W. L. Gore & Associates. 2002.
3. I b i d.
4. The information used to develop the Bombay example was obtained from two sources: Finegan, J. Survival of the smartest. Inc. Magazine, December 1993, 78-90;
5. Welles, E. The fall of Bombay. Inc. Magazine, January 1996, 48-55.
6. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
7. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
8. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
9. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
10. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
11. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
12. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
13. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
14. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
15. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
16. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
17. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
18. Further details about the research cited in this table can be obtained from the following sources: Greiner, L. 1972. Revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, 50(4): 55-67; Quinn, R., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29(1): 33-51; Churchill, N., & Lewis, V. 1983. The five stages of small business growth. Harvard Business Review, 61(3): 30-50; Miller, D., & Friesen, P. 1984. A longitudinal study of the corporate life cycle. Management Science, 30: 1161-1183; Smith, K., Mitchell, T., & Summer, C. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28(4): 799-820; Scott, M., & Bruce, R. 1987. Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3): 45-54; Kazanjian, R. 1988. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based ventures. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 257-279; Mount, J., Zinger, J., &. Forsyth, G. 1993. Organizing for development in the small business. Long Range Planning, 26: 111-119; Hambrick, D., & Crozier, L. 1985. Stumblers and stars in the management of rapid growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 1:31-45; Covin, J., & Slevin, D. 1997. High growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and suggested directions. In Sexton, D., & Smilor, R. (Eds.), Entrepreneurship 2000: 99-129. Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company; Slevin, D., & Covin, J. 1997. Time, growth, complexity and transitions: Entrepreneurial challenges for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(2): 53-86; Arbaugh, J., & Camp, M. 2000. Managing growth transitions: Theoretical perspectives and research directions. In D. Sexton, & H. Landstrom, (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of entrepreneurship: 308-328. Oxford: Blackwell; Lichtenstein, B. 2000. Self-organized transitions: A pattern amid the chaos of transformative change. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 128-163.
19. Hambrick & Crozier, 1985, op. cit.
20. Covin & Slevin, 1987, op. cit.
21. I b i d.
22. Slevin & Covin, 1997, op. cit.
23. I b i d.
24. Arbaugh & Camp, 2000, op. cit.
25. These firms, which had experienced average annual revenue growth of 30 per cent or more per year, ranged in age from 2 to 48 years old, with an average age of 14 years. They had average annual revenues of $20 million, and an average full time employment base of 80 people.
26. Lichtenstein, 2000, op. cit.
27. In the complexity sciences perspective, organizations are open, dynamic and non-linear systems that are subject to internal and external forces which can be sources of chaos. These interrelationships are described in prior work by Thietart, R., & Forgues, B. 1995. Chaos theory and organization. Organization Science, 6(1): 19-31; Stacey, R. 1995. The science of complexity: An alternative perspective for strategic change processes. Strategic Management Journal, 16: 477-495.
28. In the complexity sciences perspective, organizations are open, dynamic and non-linear systems that are subject to internal and external forces which can be sources of chaos. These interrelationships are described in prior work by Thietart, R., & Forgues, B. 1995. Chaos theory and organization. Organization Science, 6(1): 19-31; Stacey, R. 1995. The science of complexity: An alternative perspective for strategic change processes. Strategic Management Journal, 16: 477-495.
29. Matthews, K. M., White, M. C., & Long, R. G. 1999. The problem of prediction and control in theoretical diversity and the promise of the complexity sciences. Journal of Management Inquiry, 8(1): 17-31; Matthews, K. M., White, M. C., & Long, R. G. 1999. Why study complexity sciences in the social sciences? Human Relations, 52(4): 439-462.
30. Matthews, K. M., White, M. C., & Long, R. G. 1999. The problem of prediction and control in theoretical diversity and the promise of the complexity sciences. Journal of Management Inquiry, 8(1): 17-31; Matthews, K. M., White, M. C., & Long, R. G. 1999. Why study complexity sciences in the social sciences? Human Relations, 52(4): 439-462.
31. Lichtenstein, op. cit.
32. Drazin, R., & Sandelands, L. 1992. Autogenesis: A perspective on the process of organizing. Organization Science, 3(2): 230-249.
33. MacIntosh, R., & MacLean, D. 1999. Conditioned emergence: A dissipative structures approach to transformation. Strategic Management Journal, 20 (4): 297-316.
34. For examples of the way complexity science and the concept of self-organization have been applied to the study of large, established firms, see: Nonaka, I. 1988. Creating organizational order out of chaos: Self-renewal in Japanese firms. California Management Review, Spring: 57-73; Brown, S., & Eisenhardt, K. 1998. Competing on the edge. Boston: Harvard Business School Press; Eisenhardt, K. 1999. Strategy as strategic decision-making. Sloan Management Review, 40(3): 65-72; Pascale, R. 1999. Surfing the edge of chaos. Sloan Management Review, 40(3): 83-94.
35. For examples of the way complexity science and the concept of self-organization have been applied to the study of large, established firms, see: Nonaka, I. 1988. Creating organizational order out of chaos: Self-renewal in Japanese firms. California Management Review, Spring: 57-73; Brown, S., & Eisenhardt, K. 1998. Competing on the edge. Boston: Harvard Business School Press; Eisenhardt, K. 1999. Strategy as strategic decision-making. Sloan Management Review, 40(3): 65-72; Pascale, R. 1999. Surfing the edge of chaos. Sloan Management Review, 40(3): 83-94.
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