Reciprocity Behavior in the Light Stability Testing of Inkjet Photographs

International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies

Volumn , Issue , 2001, Pages 197-202

  Wilhelm, Henry ^a   McCormick Goodhart, Mark ^a  

^a Wilhelm Imaging Research Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; COLOR IMAGE PROCESSING; COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY; DATA REDUCTION; IMAGE ANALYSIS; PIGMENTS; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS;

LIGHT STABILITY; RECIPROCITY;

INK;

EID: 1442329557     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (21)

1. Joseph Meehan with Henry Wilhelm, "Not Fade Away - Has the Long-Life InkJet Print Finally Arrived?", PDN - Photo District News/Fix, New York, New York, April 1999, pp. 20-25. Article included table of comparative light stability and humidity-fastness data.
2. "Print for Less," Consumer Reports, Younkers, New York, February 2001, pp. 32-36. Article included a comparison of the light stability of HP, Lexmark, and other inkjet photographs; prints made with the Lexmark Z32 Color Jetprinter were judged significantly less stable than other prints tested. The HP DeskJet 648C and Canon InkJet printers were also cited as producing prints with poor light stability.
3. Anush Yegyazarian, "Fight Photo Fade-Out," PC World, San Francisco, California, July 2001, pp. 48-51. Article included comparative image stability data for a variety of inkjet products and traditional color papers supplied by Kodak and Fuji and stated: "More and more of us are investing in photo printers for quick access to our pix. But if you want fade-proof pictures, you'll need to choose your printer and its paper carefully." The article is also available on the PC World magazine website: http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0, aid,50663,00.asp
4. Anush Yegyazarian, "Fight Photo Fade-Out," PC World, San Francisco, California, July 2001, pp. 48-51. Article included comparative image stability data for a variety of inkjet products and traditional color papers supplied by Kodak and Fuji and stated: "More and more of us are investing in photo printers for quick access to our pix. But if you want fade-proof pictures, you'll need to choose your printer and its paper carefully." The article is also available on the PC World magazine website: http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0, aid,50663,00.asp
5. Light-stability "display-life predictions" for a wide variety of inkjet and other digital imaging materials, which are based on the Wilhelm Imaging Research, Inc. weighted failure criteria set and extrapolated to the "standard" indoor illumination condition of 450 lux for 12 hours per day employed by Wilhelm Imaging Research, are posted and periodically updated on 〈www.wilhelm-research.com〉. Humidity-fastness data and articles related to image permanence and test methodology are also available.
6. st SPSE Annual Conference Program (abstract), Journal of Applied Photographic Engineering, Spring 1978, Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 54A. The presentation included reciprocity failure data for a variety of traditional color photographic prints as well as instant color photographic materials. A weighted set of "failure endpoints" for color balance changes, density losses, and d-min stain growth caused by exposure to light was first described; this failure criteria set was similar in concept to the failure criteria set used today by Wilhelm Imaging Research, Inc. A more complete description of this failure criteria set (and a more restrictive set of failure criteria for museum and fine art applications) were included in an article by Henry Wilhelm entitled "Monitoring the Fading and Staining of Color Photographic Prints," Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1981, pp. 49-64.
7. st SPSE Annual Conference Program (abstract), Journal of Applied Photographic Engineering, Spring 1978, Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 54A. The presentation included reciprocity failure data for a variety of traditional color photographic prints as well as instant color photographic materials. A weighted set of "failure endpoints" for color balance changes, density losses, and d-min stain growth caused by exposure to light was first described; this failure criteria set was similar in concept to the failure criteria set used today by Wilhelm Imaging Research, Inc. A more complete description of this failure criteria set (and a more restrictive set of failure criteria for museum and fine art applications) were included in an article by Henry Wilhelm entitled "Monitoring the Fading and Staining of Color Photographic Prints," Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1981, pp. 49-64.
8. Henry Wilhelm, "Reciprocity Failures in Accelerated Light Fading and Light-Induced Staining of Color Prints," presentation at The Third International Symposium on Image Conservation, sponsored by IS&T and The International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House, Rochester, New York, Advance Printing of Paper Summaries, June 1990, p. 11.
9. Henry Wilhelm and Carol Brower (contributing author), The Permanence and Care of Color Photographs: Traditional and Digital Color Prints, Color Negatives, Slides, and Motion Pictures, Preservation Publishing Company, Grinnell, Iowa, 1993, pp. 67-83. Discussion of reciprocity failures and other problems in the evaluation of the long-term light stability of traditional photographic prints; included are comparative data for a wide variety of color print materials obtained from relatively short-term, high-intensity 21.5 klux illumination tests vs. tests that ran for as long as eight years under 1.35 klux illumination - a 16X difference in illumination levels.
10. American National Standards Institute, Inc., ANSI/NAPM IT9.9-1996, American National Standard for Imaging Materials - Stability of Color Photographic Images - Methods for Measuring, American National Standards Institute, Inc., New York, New York, 1996.
11. Edward Zinn, Douglas W. Nishimura, and James Reilly, "High-Intensity Fluorescent Light-Fading Tests for Digital Output Materials," IS&T's NIP15: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies - Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, 1999, pp. 416-420.
12. Henry Wilhelm and Mark McCormick-Goodhart, "Accelerated Light Fading Tests for Simulating the Effects of Long-Term Indoor Display with InkJet Prints," presentation at IS&T's NIP16: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies - Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, October 16, 2000, p. 99.
13. Douglas Bugner and Christine Suminski, "Filtration and Reciprocity Effects on the Fade Rate of InkJet Photographic Prints," IS&T's NIP16: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies - Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, October 16, 2000, pp. 90-94.
14. Henry Wilhelm, Joseph Holmes, and Mark McCormick-Goodhart, "The Important Roles of Inks and Media in the Light Fading Stability of InkJet Prints," presentation at IS&T's NIP14: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies - Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, October 20, 1998, p. 122. The presentation included "before and after" examples of Epson, Hewlett-Packard, and Kodak dye-based inkjet photographic prints that had been stored in the dark for approximately six months at 21°C and 50-75% RH. Some ink/media combinations exhibited substantial changes in color balance and density as well as "bronzing" in high-density areas while other media combinations, even when printed with the same inks, showed no perceptible changes when stored under these same conditions.
15. Henry Wilhelm and Mark McCormick-Goodhart, "An Overview of the Permanence of InkJet Prints Compared with Traditional Color Prints," IS&T's Eleventh International Symposium on Photofinishing Technol-ogies, Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, January 2000, pp. 34-39.
16. Mark McCormick-Goodhart and Henry Wilhelm, "Humidity-Induced Color Changes and Migration Effects on the Dark Keeping Properties of InkJet Photographs in Real-World Environmental Conditions," IS&T's NIP16: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies - Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, October 16, 2000, pp. 74-77.
17. P. Hill, K. Suitor, and P. Artz, "Measurement of Humidity Effects on the Dark Keeping Properties of InkJet Photographic Prints," IS&T's NIP16: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies - Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, October 16, 2000, pp. 70-73.
18. R. Hofmann, E. Baumann, M. Schaer, "Print Performance Evaluation of Ink-Jet Media: Gamut, Drying, Permanence," IS&T's NIP15: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies - Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, 1999, pp. 408-411.
19. Mark McCormick-Goodhart and Henry Wilhelm, "The Influence of Relative Humidity on Short-Term Color Drift in InkJet Prints," IS&T's NIP 17: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies - Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, October 4, 2001.
20. Paul Wight, "Issues in Ink Jet Image Stability," IS&T's NIP16: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies - Final Program and Proceedings, IS&T, Springfield, Virginia, October 16, 2000, pp. 86-89.
21. Douglas Bugner, "InkJet Media," presentation at the Diamond Research Specialty Papers and Films 2001 Imaging Materials Seminar, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, February 2001. Presentation included data on the often very different light stability behavior of both swellable-polymer and microporous inkjet media in test environments in which test samples were exposed to: a) ambient air in a Kodak test facility; b) "pure" compressed air; and c) nitrogen. Bugner concluded that low-level atmospheric contaminants (possibly ozone) in the test environment can have a major effect on image stability.