Positive Change Following Trauma and Adversity: A Review

Journal of Traumatic Stress

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 11-21

  Linley, P Alex ^a,b   Joseph, Stephen ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Posttraumatic growth; Review; Stress related growth

Indexed keywords

AFFECT; COGNITION; COPING BEHAVIOR; HUMAN; MENTAL STRESS; PERSONALITY; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PREDICTION; PSYCHODYNAMICS; QUALITY OF LIFE; RELIGION; REVIEW; SOCIAL ADAPTATION; SOCIAL SUPPORT;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ATTITUDE; DEPRESSION; HUMANS; PROBLEM SOLVING; PSYCHOLOGY; RELIGION AND PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIAL SUPPORT; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 1442323895     PISSN: 08949867     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/B:JOTS.0000014671.27856.7e     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Abraido-Lanza, A. F., Guier, C., & Colon, R. M. (1998). Psychological thriving among Latinas with chronic illness. Journal of Social Issues, 54, 405-424.
2. Affleck, G., & Tennen, H. (1996). Construing benefits from adversity: Adaptational significance and dispositional underpinnings. Journal of Personality, 64, 899-922.
3. Affleck, G., Tennen, H., Croog, S., & Levine, S. (1987). Causal attribution, perceived benefits, and morbidity after a heart attack: An 8-year study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 29-35.
4. Armeli, S., Gunthert, K. C., & Cohen, L. H. (2001). Stressor appraisals, coping, and post-event outcomes: The dimensionality and antecedents of stress-related growth. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 20, 366-395.
5. Best, M., Streisand, R., Catania, L., & Kazak, A. E. (2001). Parental distress during pediatric leukemia and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) after treatment ends. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 26, 299-307.
6. Bloom, S. L. (1998). By the crowd they have been broken, by the crowd they shall be healed: The social transformation of trauma. In R. G. Tedeschi, C. L. Park, & L. G. Calhoun (Eds.), Posttraumatic growth: Positive changes in the aftermath of crisis (pp. 179-213). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
7. Briere, J., & Elliott, D. (2000). Prevalence, characteristics, and long-term sequelae of natural disaster exposure in the general population. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13, 661-679.
8. Calhoun, L. G., Cann, A., Tedeschi, R. G., & McMillan, J. (2000). A correlational test of the relationship between posttraumatic growth, religion, and cognitive processing. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13, 521-527.
9. Calhoun, L. G., & Tedeschi, R. G. (1998). Posttraumatic growth: Future directions. In R. G. Tedeschi, C. L. Park, & L. G. Calhoun (Eds.), Posttraumatic growth: Positive changes in the aftermath of crisis (pp. 215-238). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
10. Calhoun, L. G., & Tedeschi, R. G. (1999). Facilitating posttraumatic growth: A clinician's guide. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
11. Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 81-105.
12. Cohen, L. H., Hettler, T. R., & Pane, N. (1998). Assessment of post-traumatic growth. In R. G. Tedeschi, C. L. Park, & L. G. Calhoun (Eds.), Posttraumatic growth: Positive changes in the aftermath of crisis (pp. 23-42). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
13. Cordova, M. J., Cunningham, L. L. C., Carlson, C. R., & Andrykowski, M. (2001). Posttraumatic growth following breast cancer: A controlled comparison study. Health Psychology, 20, 176-185.
14. Davis, C. G., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Larson, J. (1998). Making sense of loss and benefiting from the experience: Two construals of meaning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 561-574.
15. Epel, E. S., McEwen, B. S., & Ickovics, J. R. (1998). Embodying psychological thriving: Physical thriving in response to stress. Journal of Social Issues, 54, 301-322.
16. Evers, A. W. M., Kraaimaat, F. W., van Lankveld, W., Jongen, P. J. H., Jacobs, J. W. G., & Bijlsma, J. W. J. (2001). Beyond unfavourable thinking: The Illness Cognition Questionnaire for chronic diseases. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 1026-1036.
17. Fontana, A., & Rosenheck, R. (1998). Psychological benefits and liabilities of traumatic exposure in the war zone. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 11, 485-505.
18. Frazier, P., Conlon, A., & Glaser, T. (2001). Positive and negative life changes following sexual assault. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 1048-1055.
19. Fromm, K., Andrykowski, M. A., & Hunt, J. (1996). Positive and negative psychosocial sequelae of bone marrow transplantation: Implications for Quality of Life assessment. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 19, 221-240.
20. Janoff-Bulman, R. (1992). Shattered assumptions: Towards a new psychology of trauma. New York: Free Press.
21. Joseph, S., Williams, R., & Yule, W. (1993). Changes in outlook following disaster: The preliminary development of a measure to assess positive and negative responses. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 6, 271-279.
22. King, L. A., & Miner, K. N. (2000). Writing about the perceived benefits of traumatic events: Implications for physical health. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 220-230.
23. King, L. A., Scollon, C. K., Ramsey, C., & Williams, T. (2000). Stories of life transition: Subjective well-being and ego development in parents of children with Down Syndrome. Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 509-536.
24. Koenig, H. G., Pargament, K. I., & Nielsen, J. (1998). Religious coping and health status in medically ill hospitalized older adults. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 186, 513-521.
25. Linley, P. A., & Joseph, S. (2002). Posttraumatic growth. Counselling and Psychotherapy Journal, 13, 14-17.
26. Maercker, A., & Langner, R. (2001). Persoenliche Reifung durch Belastungen und Traumata: Validierung zweier deutschsprachiger Fragebogenversionen. [Posttraumatic personal growth: Validation of German versions of two questionnaires.] Diagnostica, 47, 153-162.
27. Massey, S., Cameron, A., Ouellette, S., & Fine, M. (1998). Qualitative approaches to the study of thriving. What can be learned? Journal of Social Issues, 54, 337-355.
28. McFarland, C., & Alvaro, C. (2000). The impact of motivation on temporal comparisons: Coping with traumatic events by perceiving personal growth. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 327-343.
29. McMillen, J. C. (1999). Better for it: How people benefit from adversity. Social Work, 44, 455-468.
30. McMillen, J. C., & Cook, C. L. (2003). The positive by-products of spinal cord injury and their correlates. Rehabilitation Psychology, 48, 77-85.
31. McMillen, J. C., & Fisher, R. H. (1998). The Perceived Benefit Scales: Measuring perceived positive life changes after negative events. Social Work Research, 22, 173-187.
32. McMillen, C., Howard, M. O., Nower, L., & Chung, S. (2001). Positive by-products of the struggle with chemical dependency. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 20, 69-79.
33. McMillen, J. C., Smith, E. M., & Fisher, R. H. (1997). Perceived benefit and mental health after three types of disaster. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 733-739.
34. McMillen, C., Zuravin, S., & Rideout, G. (1995). Perceived benefits from child sexual abuse. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 1037-1043.
35. Milam, J. E., Ritt-Olson, A., & Unger, J. (in press). Posttraumatic growth among adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research.
36. Norris, F. H. (1996). Designing trauma studies: Basic principles. In E. B. Carlson (Ed.), Trauma research methodology (pp. 22-55). Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press.
37. Parappully, J., Rosenbaum, R., van den Daele, L., & Nzewi, E. (2002). Thriving after trauma: The experience of parents of murdered children. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 42, 33-70.
38. Pargament, K. I., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. M. (2000). The many methods of religious coping: Development and initial validation of the RCOPE. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56, 519-543.
39. Pargament, K. I., Smith, B. W., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. (1998). Patterns of positive and negative religious coping with major life stressors. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 37, 710-724.
40. Park, C. L. (1998). Stress-related growth and thriving through coping: The roles of personality and cognitive processes. Journal of Social Issues, 54, 267-277.
41. Park, C. L., Cohen, L. H., & Murch, R. (1996). Assessment and prediction of stress-related growth. Journal of Personality, 64, 71-105.
42. Peltzer, K. (2000). Trauma symptom correlates of criminal victimization in an urban community sample, South Africa. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 10, 49-62.
43. Polatinsky, S., & Esprey, Y. (2000). An assessment of gender differences in the perception of benefit resulting from the loss of a child. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13, 709-718.
44. Poorman, P. B. (2002). Perceptions of thriving by women who have experienced abuse of status-related oppression. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26, 51-62.
45. Rubonis, A. V., & Bickman, L. (1991). Psychological impairment in the wake of disaster: The disaster-psychopathology relationship. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 384-399.
46. Saakvitne, K. W., Tennen, H., & Affleck, G. (1998). Exploring thriving in the context of clinical trauma theory: Constructivist self-development theory. Journal of Social Issues, 54, 279-299.
47. Schnurr, P. P., Rosenberg, S. D., & Friedman, M. J. (1993). Change in MMPI scores from college to adulthood as a function of military service. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 288-296.
48. Siegel, K., & Schrimshaw, E. W. (2000). Perceiving benefits in adversity: Stress-related growth in women living with HIV/AIDS. Social Science and Medicine, 51, 1543-1554.
49. Snape, M. C. (1997). Reactions to a traumatic event: The good, the bad and the ugly? Psychology, Health and Medicine, 2, 237-242.
50. Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (1995). Trauma and transformation: Growing in the aftermath of suffering. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
51. Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (1996). The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 9, 455-471.
52. Tedeschi, R. G., Park, C. L., & Calhoun, L. G. (Eds.). (1998). Posttraumatic growth: Positive changes in the aftermath of crisis. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
53. Tennen, H., Affleck, G., Urrows, S., Higgins, P., & Mendola, R. (1992). Perceiving control, construing benefits, and daily processes in rheumatoid arthritis. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 24, 186-203.
54. Thompson, M. (2000). Life after rape: A chance to speak? Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 15, 325-343.
55. Updegraff, J. A., Taylor, S. E., Kemeny, M. E., & Wyatt, G. E. (2002). Positive and negative effects of HIV infection in women with low socioeconomic resources. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 382-394.
56. Waysman, M., Schwarzwald, J., & Solomon, Z. (2001). Hardiness: An examination of its relationship with positive and negative long term changes following trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 14, 531-548.
57. Weiss, T. (2002). Posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer and their husbands: An intersubjective validation study. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 20, 65-80.