Application of polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of caprine arthritis-encephalitis

Small Ruminant Research

Volumn 22, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 69-77

  Clavijo, A ^a   Thorsen, J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH   (Canada)

Author keywords

Caprine arthritis encephalitis; Goat; Lentivirus; PCR detection; Polymerase chain reaction (PCR); Viral diagnosis

Indexed keywords

CAPRA; CAPRA HIRCUS; CAPRINE ARTHRITIS-ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS; LENTIVIRUS;

EID: 1442292872     PISSN: 09214488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0921-4488(95)00840-3     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Cheevers, W.P., Knowles, D.P., McGuire, T.C. and Cunningham, D.R., 1988. Chronic disease in goats orally infected with two isolates of caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus. Lab. Invest., 58: 510-517.
2. Chou, Q., Russell, M., Birch, D.E., Raymond, J. and Bloch, W., 1992. Prevention of pre-PCR mis-priming and primer dimerization improves low-copy-number amplifications. Nucleic Acids Res., 20: 1717-1723.
3. Clavijo, A. and Thorsen, J., 1995. Chemiluminescent detection of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus with a PCR-generated single stranded nonradiolabelled probe. Vet. Microbiol., 43: 295-305.
4. Cutlip, R.C., Lehmkuhl, H.D., Brogden, K.A. and Schmerr, M.J., 1991. Seroprevalence of ovine progressive pneumonia virus in various domestic and wild animal species, and species susceptibility to the virus. Am. J. Vet. Res., 52: 189-191.
5. Harkiss, G.D. and Watt, N.J., 1990., Lentivirus infections and their detection. Goat Vet. Soc. J., 11: 19-25.
6. Hebert, B., Bergeron, J., Potworowski, E.F. and Tijssen, P., 1993. Increased PCR sensitivity by using paraffin wax as a reaction mix overlay. Mol. Cell. Probes, 7: 249-252.
7. Holtke, H.J., Sagner, G., Kessler, C. and Schmitz G., 1992. Sensitive chemiluminescent detection of digoxigenin-labelled nucleic acids: a fast and simple protocol and its applications. Biotechniques, 12: 104-113.
8. Kaye, S., Loveday, C. and Tedder, R., 1991. Storage and preservation of whole blood samples for use in detection of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 by the polymerase chain reaction. J. Virol. Methods, 35: 217-226.
9. MacDiarmid, S.C., 1984. Scheme to accredit flocks free from caprine arthritis-encephalitis infection. N.Z. Vet. J., 32: 165-170.
10. Marcom, K.A., Brodie, S.J., Pearson, L.D. and DeMartini, J.C., 1992. Analysis of ovine lentivirus infectivity and replication by using a focal immunoassay and antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J. Clin. Microbiol., 30: 2852-2859.
11. Narayan, O., Clements, J.E., Standberg, J.D., Cork, L.C. and Griffin, D.E., 1980. Biological characterization of the virus causing leukoencephalomyelitis and arthritis in goats. J. Gen. Virol., 50: 69-79.
12. Reddy, P.G., Sapp, W.J. and Heneine, W., 1993. Detection of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus by polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Microbiol., 31: 3042-3043.
13. Rimstad, E., East, N.E., Torten, M., Higgins, J., DeRock, E. and Pedersen, N.C., 1993. Delayed seroconversion following natural acquire caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection in goats. Am. J. Vet. Res., 54: 1858-1862.
14. Saltarelli, M., Querat, G., Konings, D.A.M., Vigne, R. and Clements, J.E., 1990. Nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of molecular clones of CAEV which generate infectious virus. Virology, 179: 347-364.
15. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. and Maniatis, T., 1989. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
16. Simard, C.L. and Briscoe, M.R., 1990. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to maedi-visna virus in sheep. II. Comparison to conventional agar gel immunodiffusion test. Can. J. Vet. Res., 54: 451-456.
17. Smith, M.C. and Cutlip, R., 1988. Effects of infection with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus on milk production in goats. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 193: 63-67.
18. Sonigo, P., Alizon, M., Stakus, K., Klatzmann, D., Cole, S., Danos, O., Retzel, E., Tiollais, P., Hasse, A. and Wain-Hobson, S., 1985. Nucleotide sequence of the visna lentivirus: relationship to the AIDS virus. Cell, 42: 369-382.
19. Thorpe, R., Brasher, M., Bird, C.R., Garret, A.J., Jacobs, J.P., Minor, P.D. and Schild, G.C., 1987. An improved immunoblotting procedure for the detection of antibodies against HIV. J. Virol. Methods, 16: 87-96.
20. William, F., Wagner, F., Karin, M. and Kraft, A.S., 1990. Multiple doses of diacylglycerol and calcium ionophore are necessary to activate AP-1 enhancer activity and induce markers of macrophage differentiation. J. Biol. Chem., 265: 18166-18171.
21. Williams, J.F., 1989, Optimization strategies of the polymerase chain reaction. Biotechniques, 7: 762-768.
22. Zanoni, R.G., Pauli, U. and Peterhans, E., 1990. Detection of caprine arthritis-encephalitis and maedi-visna viruses using the polymerase chain reaction. Experientia, 46: 316-318.
23. Zanoni, R.G., Nauta, I.M., Kuhnert, P. Pauli, U., Pohl, B. and Peterhans, E., 1992. Genomic heterogeneity of small ruminant lentiviruses detected by PCR. Vet. Microbiol., 33: 341-351.