메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 77, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 467-491

Current reforms: The politics of policy change in India's electricity sector

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRICITY GENERATION; ENERGY POLICY; POLICY DEVELOPMENT; REFORM PROCESS;

EID: 14344263326     PISSN: 0030851X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (36)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 0004122978 scopus 로고
    • India in Transition: Freeing the Economy
    • (Oxford: Clarendon Press)
    • Jagdish Bhagwati, India in Transition: Freeing the Economy (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993).
    • (1993)
    • Bhagwati, J.1
  • 2
    • 0003741684 scopus 로고
    • (New Delhi: Oxford University Press)
    • Bimal Jalan, India's Economic Crisis (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1991).
    • (1991) India's Economic Crisis
    • Jalan, B.1
  • 4
    • 0000462052 scopus 로고
    • "Secrets of Success: A Handful of Heroes"
    • Arnold C. Harberger, "Secrets of Success: A Handful of Heroes," The American Economic Review, vol. 83, no. 2 (1993), pp. 343-350.
    • (1993) The American Economic Review , vol.83 , Issue.2 , pp. 343-350
    • Harberger, A.C.1
  • 7
    • 14344264483 scopus 로고
    • Government of India, Central Water and Power Commission, (New Delhi: Ministry of Irrigation and Power)
    • Government of India, Central Water and Power Commission, Public Electricity Supply, All-India Statistics (New Delhi: Ministry of Irrigation and Power, 1960).
    • (1960) Public Electricity Supply, All-India Statistics
  • 8
    • 14344250100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Table S00-019: Distribution of households by source and location of drinking water and availability of electricity"
    • Government of India, Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner
    • Government of India, Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, "Table S00-019: Distribution of households by source and location of drinking water and availability of electricity," in Census of India, 2001.
    • (2001) Census of India
  • 9
    • 32844470845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Annual Report (2001-2002) on the Working of State Electricity Boards and Electricity Departments"
    • Government of India, Planning Commission, (New Delhi: Planning Commission)
    • Government of India, Planning Commission, "Annual Report (2001-2002) on the Working of State Electricity Boards and Electricity Departments," (New Delhi: Planning Commission, 2002), p. 40.
    • (2002) , pp. 40
  • 10
    • 14344257752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The Ministry of Power is seeking to revise the definition to capture measures of actual electricity use.
  • 11
    • 14344253696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Planning Commission, Annual Report
    • Planning Commission, Annual Report (2001-2002), p. 5.
    • (2001) , pp. 5
  • 12
    • 14344249386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Planning Commission, Annual Report
    • Planning Commission, Annual Report (2001-2002), pp. 7-8.
    • (2001) , pp. 7-8
  • 13
    • 14344259800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government of India, Ministry of Finance, table 2.10
    • Government of India, Ministry of Finance, Economic Survey (2003-2003) table 2.10.
    • Economic Survey (2003-2003)
  • 15
    • 14344259623 scopus 로고
    • Memorial Lecture, delivered under the auspices of Forum of Free Enterprise (Bombay: Lalvani Publishing House)
    • A. D. Shroff Memorial Lecture, delivered under the auspices of Forum of Free Enterprise (Bombay: Lalvani Publishing House, 1968).
    • (1968)
    • Shroff, A.D.1
  • 16
    • 0001399939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "A Critique of the Passive Revolution"
    • in Partha Chatterjee, ed., (Delhi: Oxford University Press)
    • Sudipta Kaviraj, "A Critique of the Passive Revolution," in Partha Chatterjee, ed., State and Politics in India (Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1997), p. 64.
    • (1997) State and Politics in India , pp. 64
    • Kaviraj, S.1
  • 18
    • 12244282609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Economic Policy and the Development of Capitalism in India: The Role of Regional Capitalists and Political Parties"
    • in Francine Frankel et al., ed., (New Delhi: Oxford University Press)
    • Sanjaya Baru, "Economic Policy and the Development of Capitalism in India: The Role of Regional Capitalists and Political Parties," in Francine Frankel et al., ed., Transforming India: Social and Political Dynamics of Democracy (New Delhi: Oxford University Press).
    • Transforming India: Social and Political Dynamics of Democracy
    • Baru, S.1
  • 19
    • 84905447647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Impact of Centre-State Relations in Indian Politics: An Interpretive Reckoning 1947-1987"
    • Partha Chatterjee, ed., (New Delhi: Oxford University Press)
    • T.V. Sathyamurthy, "Impact of Centre-State Relations in Indian Politics: An Interpretive Reckoning 1947-1987," in Partha Chatterjee, ed., State and Politics in India (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1997), p. 64
    • (1997) State and Politics in India , pp. 64
    • Sathyamurthy, T.V.1
  • 21
    • 14344261889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Beneficiaries of the IPS Subsidy and the Impact of Tariff-Hike"
    • December 21
    • Girish Sant and Santanu Dixit, "Beneficiaries of the IPS Subsidy and the Impact of Tariff-Hike," Economic and Political Weekly, December 21, 1996.
    • (1996) Economic and Political Weekly
    • Sant, G.1    Dixit, S.2
  • 22
    • 0004159775 scopus 로고
    • World Bank, (Washington, DC: Oxford University Press)
    • World Bank, Bureaucrats in Business (Washington, DC: Oxford University Press, 1995).
    • (1995) Bureaucrats in Business
  • 24
    • 14344261356 scopus 로고
    • "The Electrification of Madras City, 1905-1914"
    • paper presented to the Third World Economic History and Development Conference, University of Manchester, 13-15 September
    • V.R. Muraleedharan, "The Electrification of Madras City, 1905-1914," paper presented to the Third World Economic History and Development Conference, University of Manchester, 13-15 September 1991, p. 4.
    • (1991) , pp. 4
    • Muraleedharan, V.R.1
  • 25
    • 14344249550 scopus 로고
    • act no. 54 of 1948, preamble
    • Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948, act no. 54 of 1948, preamble.
    • (1948) Electricity (Supply) Act
  • 26
    • 14344257750 scopus 로고
    • Government of India (GoI), Constituent Assembly Debates (CAD), Aug. 9-31
    • Government of India (GoI), Constituent Assembly Debates (CAD), vol. VI, part II, 1948, Aug. 9-31, p. 54.
    • (1948) , vol.6 , Issue.PART II , pp. 54
  • 27
    • 14344254254 scopus 로고
    • GoI, CAD, 9-31 Aug
    • GoI, CAD, vol. VI, part II, 9-31 Aug. 1948, p. 41.
    • (1948) , vol.6 , Issue.PART II , pp. 41
  • 28
    • 14344255405 scopus 로고
    • GoI, CAD, 9-31 Aug
    • GoI, CAD, vol. VI, part II, 9-31 Aug. 1948, p. 58.
    • (1948) , vol.6 , Issue.PART II , pp. 58
  • 31
    • 14344253326 scopus 로고
    • Government of India, Planning Commission, Programme Evaluation Organisation, (New Delhi)
    • Government of India, Planning Commission, Programme Evaluation Organisation, Report on the Evaluation of the Rural Electrification Programme (New Delhi, 1965), p. 32.
    • (1965) Report on the Evaluation of the Rural Electrification Programme , pp. 32
  • 32
    • 14344251630 scopus 로고
    • GoI, CAD, 9-31 August
    • GoI, CAD, vol. VI, part II, 9-31 August 1948, p. 50.
    • (1948) , vol.6 , Issue.PART II , pp. 50
  • 33
    • 14344259236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Section 5.1 of the Electricity (Supply) Act of 1948 reads that the "State Government shall, as soon as may be after the issue of the notification under subsection (4) of section 1, constitute by notification in the Official Gazette a State Electricity Broad...."
  • 34
    • 14344249385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Section 10.5, which was added by Act 101 of 1956, states, "If the Board fails to carry out its functions, or refuses or fails to follow the directions issued by the State Government under this Act, the State Government may remove the Chairman and the members of the Board and appoint a Chairman and members in their places."
  • 38
    • 14344257749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Public Expenditures and Subsidies in Indian Surface Irrigation: Who Benefits"
    • paper presented at Water Week 2003, conference organized by World Bank, Washington, DC, 4-6 March
    • Mona Sur and Dina Umali-Deininger, "Public Expenditures and Subsidies in Indian Surface Irrigation: Who Benefits," paper presented at Water Week 2003, conference organized by World Bank, Washington, DC, 4-6 March 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Sur, M.1    Umali-Deininger, D.2
  • 39
    • 14344266399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Corruption is alluded to broadly in the press, government reports, and conversations with people connected to the industry, but to my knowledge there has been no systematic study of employee-aide corruption.
  • 40
    • 14344255828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N.S. Vasant, a former SEB chairman, stated that in a particular northern state
    • N.S. Vasant, a former SEB chairman, stated that in a particular northern state, the list of contractors hired for projects in the electricity sector changed with in the party in power; in-person interview by author, New Delhi, 25 October 2002. the list of contractors hired for projects in the electricity sector changed with in the party in power; in-person interview by author, New Delhi, 25 October.
    • (2002)
  • 41
    • 14344249746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Due to recommendations made by the Venkataraman Committee, appointed to review the financial ills of the sector, the 1948 legislation was amended to stipulate that tariffs must generate a three percent return on the value of the SEB's fixed assets. Often, this condition was met only because of subventions from state governments; it was more common for the board to fail in meeting its target, and the state government to fail in providing a subvention.
  • 45
    • 14344249551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Widespread labour opposition to electricity reform did not begin in earnest until the late 1990s, when states began to dismantle the SEBs. The National Coordination Committee of Electricity Employees and Engineers was formed only in 2000, when large-scale labour protests in Uttar Pradesh followed the state's announcement of plans to unbundle its SEB. B.S. Meel, general secretary, Electricity Employees Federation of india, in-person interview by author, New Delhi, 5 December 2002.
  • 46
    • 14344263558 scopus 로고
    • Government of India, New Delhi, October
    • Government of India, The Gazette of India, no. 237, New Delhi, October 1991.
    • (1991) The Gazette of India , Issue.237
  • 47
    • 14344260956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Letter from India: Political Balkanization Continues to Poison IPP Environment"
    • (November)
    • Jayanta Sarkar, "Letter from India: Political Balkanization Continues to Poison IPP Environment," Electrical World (November 1996), p. 66.
    • (1996) Electrical World , pp. 66
    • Sarkar, J.1
  • 51
  • 52
    • 0342333311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "The Enron Corporation: Corporate Complicity in Human Rights Violations"
    • Human Rights Watch, available online from the HRW Web site, at, site last accessed 20 October 2004
    • Human Rights Watch, "The Enron Corporation: Corporate Complicity in Human Rights Violations," 1999, available online from the HRW Web site, at , site last accessed 20 October 2004.
    • (1999)
  • 53
    • 14344251241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "The 'Enron Project' in Maharashtra - Protests suppressed in the name of development"
    • Amnesty International, available online from the Amnesty Web site, at, site last accessed 20 October 2004
    • Amnesty International, "The 'Enron Project' in Maharashtra - protests suppressed in the name of development," 1997, available online from the Amnesty Web site, at , site last accessed 20 October 2004.
    • (1997)
  • 55
    • 14344263910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "The Political Economy of Indian Power Sector Reforms"
    • working paper no. 4 (Stanford, CA: Program on Energy and Sustainable Development, Stanford University, December ) focuses on Andhra Pradesh, Delhi and Orissa
    • Rahul Tongia, "The Political Economy of Indian Power Sector Reforms," working paper no. 4 (Stanford, CA: Program on Energy and Sustainable Development, Stanford University, December 2003) focuses on Andhra Pradesh, Delhi and Orissa.
    • (2003)
    • Tongia, R.1
  • 56
    • 14344265366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Political Economy of Electricity Reform: A Case Study in Gujarat, India"
    • paper EL 03 (Oxford, UK: Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, September); available online from the Economics Working Papers Archive, at site last accessed 2 October 2004
    • Christopher Joshi Hansen and John Bower, "Political Economy of Electricity Reform: A Case Study in Gujarat, India," paper EL 03 (Oxford, UK: Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, September 2003); available online from the Economics Working Papers Archive, at , site last accessed 2 October 2004.
    • (2003)
    • Hansen, C.J.1    Bower, J.2
  • 57
    • 14344254653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tata Energy Research Institute (www.teriin.org) and Prayas have conducted state-level analyses of reforms
    • Tata Energy Research Institute (www.teriin.org) and Prayas (http:// www.prayaspune.org/energy/engpub.htm) have conducted state-level analyses of reforms.
  • 59
    • 14344264979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Power as a commodity"
    • (18-31 August), available online from, site last accessed 20 October 2004
    • Sudha Mahalingam, "Power as a commodity," Frontline (18-31 August 2001), available online from , site last accessed 20 October 2004.
    • (2001) Frontline
    • Mahalingam, S.1
  • 60
    • 14344264064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Conference on Distribution Reforms"
    • country director, World Bank, New Delhi, India, 12-13 October
    • Edwin R. Lim, country director, World Bank, "Conference on Distribution Reforms," New Delhi, India, 12-13 October, 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Lim, E.R.1
  • 61
    • 14344249179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Power Sector Reform in India: Lessons for Other States in India"
    • World Bank, available online from the World Bank Web site, at site last accessed 2 October
    • World Bank, "Power Sector Reform in India: Lessons for Other States in India," p. 2, available online from the World Bank Web site, at , site last accessed 2 October 2004.
    • (2004) , pp. 2
  • 62
    • 14344257939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "A reform fiasco in Orissa"
    • (11-24 May), available online at, site last accessed 20 October 2004
    • Sudha Mahalingam, "A reform fiasco in Orissa," Frontline (11-24 May 2002), available online at , site last accessed 20 October 2004.
    • (2002) Frontline
    • Mahalingam, S.1
  • 63
    • 14344260757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Reforms in Power Sector - Why ? And for whose benefit?"
    • In National Working Group on Power Sector, available at the Web site , site last accessed 2 October
    • In National Working Group on Power Sector, "Reforms in Power Sector - Why ? And for whose benefit?" available at the Web site , site last accessed 2 October 2004.
    • (2004)
  • 65
    • 14344253884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Crisis of Credibility: Law must Regulate the Regulator"
    • (online edition of the Times of India), 22 January, available at, site last accessed 19 October 2004
    • Gajendra Haldea, "Crisis of Credibility: Law must Regulate the Regulator," Indiatimes (online edition of the Times of India), 22 January 2004, available at , site last accessed 19 October 2004.
    • (2004) Indiatimes
    • Haldea, G.1
  • 66
    • 13344274363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Electricity Reforms in India: Not too Late to go Back to the Drawing Board"
    • (19 July)
    • Amol Phadke and Sudhir Chella Rajan, "Electricity Reforms in India: Not too Late to go Back to the Drawing Board," Economic and Political Weekly (19 July 2003), pp. 3061-3072.
    • (2003) Economic and Political Weekly , pp. 3061-3072
    • Phadke, A.1    Rajan, S.C.2
  • 67
    • 14344264482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "A Good Beginning but Challenges Galore"
    • Prayas, "A Good Beginning but Challenges Galore," pp. 41-45.
    • Prayas, A.1
  • 68
    • 14344253127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MERC, available from the MERC Web site, at, site last accessed 2 October
    • MERC, Interim Order in Case No. 1 of 1999, available from the MERC Web site, at , site last accessed 2 October 2004.
    • (2004) Interim Order in Case No. 1 of 1999
  • 69
    • 14344258910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MERC, (Mumbai: MERC), available from the MERC Web site, at site last accessed 3 October
    • MERC, Case No. 2 of 1999 (Mumbai: MERC, 1999), available from the MERC Web site, at , site last accessed 3 October 2004.
    • (2004) Case No. 2 of 1999
  • 70
    • 14344260158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Electricity Reforms in India"
    • Phadke and Chella Rajan, "Electricity Reforms in India."
    • Phadke, A.1    Rajan, C.2
  • 71
    • 14344252932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • member of National Working Group on Power, in-person interview by author, New Delhi, 9 October
    • Ashok Rao, member of National Working Group on Power, in-person interview by author, New Delhi, 9 October 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Rao, A.1
  • 72
    • 14344250667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Empower Consumers: Plug Loopholes in the Electricity Bill"
    • (online version of Times of India), 16 April , available online at , site last accessed 19 October 2004
    • Gajendra Haldea, "Empower Consumers: Plug Loopholes in the Electricity Bill," Indiatimes (online version of Times of India), 16 April 2003, available online at , site last accessed 19 October 2004.
    • (2003) Indiatimes
    • Haldea, G.1
  • 73
    • 14344264978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Empowering Contradictions in the Electricity Act"
    • 27 July
    • "Empowering Contradictions in the Electricity Act," Financial Express, 27 July 2003.
    • (2003) Financial Express
  • 74
    • 14344256031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Reliance makes power play for 5 towns"
    • 15 September
    • "Reliance makes power play for 5 towns," The Economic Times, 15 September 2003.
    • (2003) The Economic Times
  • 75
    • 14344264977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Introduction: The Political Economy of Electricity Reform in Asia"
    • this issue
    • James H. Williams and Navroz Dubash, "Introduction: The Political Economy of Electricity Reform in Asia," Pacific Affairs, this issue.
    • Pacific Affairs
    • Williams, J.H.1    Dubash, N.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.