Pathways to innovation in Asia's leading electronics-exporting countries - A framework for exploring drivers and policy implications

International Journal of Technology Management

Volumn 29, Issue 1-2, 2005, Pages 6-20

  Ernst, Dieter ^a  

^a EAST WEST CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Electronic design; Electronics industry; Global production networks; Innovation; Innovation strategy; Knowledge diffusion; Multinational corporations; Technology diversification: Asia

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER HARDWARE; COST EFFECTIVENESS; KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION; MARKETING; PUBLIC POLICY; SOFTWARE PROTOTYPING;

ASIA; ELECTRONIC DESIGN; GLOBAL PRODUCTION NETWORKS; INNOVATION; INNOVATION STRATEGY; KNOWLEDGE DIFFUSION; MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS; TECHNOLOGY DIVERSIFICATION;

ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY;

EID: 14044268774     PISSN: 02675730     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1504/IJTM.2005.006002     Document Type: Review

References (59)

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2. Kim, L. (1997) Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea's Technological Learning, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
3. For instance, Ernst, D. and O'Connor, D. (1992) Competing in the Electronics Industry. The Experience of Newly Industrialising Economies, Development Centre Studies, Paris: OECD, p.303. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation. Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Ganiatsos, T. and Mytelka, L. (Eds.) (1998) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D. (2000) 'Inter-organizational knowledge outsourcing. What permits small Taiwanese firms to compete in the computer industry?', in Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Knowledge Management in Asia, Special Issue, August.
4. For instance, Ernst, D. and O'Connor, D. (1992) Competing in the Electronics Industry. The Experience of Newly Industrialising Economies, Development Centre Studies, Paris: OECD, p.303. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation. Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Ganiatsos, T. and Mytelka, L. (Eds.) (1998) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D. (2000) 'Inter-organizational knowledge outsourcing. What permits small Taiwanese firms to compete in the computer industry?', in Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Knowledge Management in Asia, Special Issue, August.
5. For instance, Ernst, D. and O'Connor, D. (1992) Competing in the Electronics Industry. The Experience of Newly Industrialising Economies, Development Centre Studies, Paris: OECD, p.303. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation. Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Ganiatsos, T. and Mytelka, L. (Eds.) (1998) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D. (2000) 'Inter-organizational knowledge outsourcing. What permits small Taiwanese firms to compete in the computer industry?', in Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Knowledge Management in Asia, Special Issue, August.
6. For instance, Ernst, D. and O'Connor, D. (1992) Competing in the Electronics Industry. The Experience of Newly Industrialising Economies, Development Centre Studies, Paris: OECD, p.303. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation. Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Ganiatsos, T. and Mytelka, L. (Eds.) (1998) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D. (2000) 'Inter-organizational knowledge outsourcing. What permits small Taiwanese firms to compete in the computer industry?', in Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Knowledge Management in Asia, Special Issue, August.
7. For instance, Ernst, D. and O'Connor, D. (1992) Competing in the Electronics Industry. The Experience of Newly Industrialising Economies, Development Centre Studies, Paris: OECD, p.303. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation. Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Ganiatsos, T. and Mytelka, L. (Eds.) (1998) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D. (2000) 'Inter-organizational knowledge outsourcing. What permits small Taiwanese firms to compete in the computer industry?', in Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Knowledge Management in Asia, Special Issue, August.
8. For instance, Ernst, D. and O'Connor, D. (1992) Competing in the Electronics Industry. The Experience of Newly Industrialising Economies, Development Centre Studies, Paris: OECD, p.303. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation. Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Ganiatsos, T. and Mytelka, L. (Eds.) (1998) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D. (2000) 'Inter-organizational knowledge outsourcing. What permits small Taiwanese firms to compete in the computer industry?', in Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Knowledge Management in Asia, Special Issue, August.
9. Ernst, D. (2003c) 'Late innovation strategies in Asian electronics industries: a conceptual framework and illustrative evidence', East West Center Economics Working Paper Series, forthcoming in International Journal of Technology and Globalization, March, No. 66
10. Baumol, W.J. (2002) The Free-Market Innovation Machine. Analyzing the Growth Miracle of Capitalism, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press.
11. Ernst, D. (2004) 'Internationalisation of innovation: why is chip design moving to Asia?', East-West Center Economics Working Papers, revised version, March, forthcoming in International Journal of Innovation Management, special issue, No. 64, in honor of Keith Pavitt. Ernst, D. (2003c) 'Late innovation strategies in Asian electronics industries: a conceptual framework and illustrative evidence', East West Center Economics Working Paper Series, forthcoming in International Journal of Technology and Globalization, March, No. 66.
12. Ernst, D. (2004) 'Internationalisation of innovation: why is chip design moving to Asia?', East-West Center Economics Working Papers, revised version, March, forthcoming in International Journal of Innovation Management, special issue, No. 64, in honor of Keith Pavitt. Ernst, D. (2003c) 'Late innovation strategies in Asian electronics industries: a conceptual framework and illustrative evidence', East West Center Economics Working Paper Series, forthcoming in International Journal of Technology and Globalization, March, No. 66.
13. For instance, Granstrand, O., Hakansson, L. and Sjoelander, S. (Eds.) (1992) Technology Management and International Business: Internationalisation of R&D and Technology, Wiley. Patel, P. and Pavitt, K. (1998) 'National systems of innovation under strain: the internationalization of corporate R&D', SPRU Working Paper Series, Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex, No. 22.
14. For instance, Granstrand, O., Hakansson, L. and Sjoelander, S. (Eds.) (1992) Technology Management and International Business: Internationalisation of R&D and Technology, Wiley. Patel, P. and Pavitt, K. (1998) 'National systems of innovation under strain: the internationalization of corporate R&D', SPRU Working Paper Series, Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex, No. 22.
15. Reddy, P. (2000) 'Globalization of Corporate R&D: Implications for Innovation Systems in Host Countries', London: Routledge. Liu, M.-C. and Chen, S.-H. (2003) 'International R&D deployment and locational advantage of developing countries. A case study of Taiwan', East-West Center Economics Working Papers, October, No. 62. Ernst, D. (2004) 'Internationalisation of innovation: why is chip design moving to Asia?', East-West Center Economics Working Papers, revised version, March, No. 64, forthcoming in International Journal of Innovation Management, Special Issue in honor of Keith Pavitt.
16. Reddy, P. (2000) 'Globalization of Corporate R&D: Implications for Innovation Systems in Host Countries', London: Routledge. Liu, M.-C. and Chen, S.-H. (2003) 'International R&D deployment and locational advantage of developing countries. A case study of Taiwan', East-West Center Economics Working Papers, October, No. 62. Ernst, D. (2004) 'Internationalisation of innovation: why is chip design moving to Asia?', East-West Center Economics Working Papers, revised version, March, No. 64, forthcoming in International Journal of Innovation Management, Special Issue in honor of Keith Pavitt.
17. Reddy, P. (2000) 'Globalization of Corporate R&D: Implications for Innovation Systems in Host Countries', London: Routledge. Liu, M.-C. and Chen, S.-H. (2003) 'International R&D deployment and locational advantage of developing countries. A case study of Taiwan', East-West Center Economics Working Papers, October, No. 62. Ernst, D. (2004) 'Internationalisation of innovation: why is chip design moving to Asia?', East-West Center Economics Working Papers, revised version, March, No. 64, forthcoming in International Journal of Innovation Management, Special Issue in honor of Keith Pavitt.
18. Ernst, D. (2003a) The new mobility of knowledge: digital information systems and global flagship networks', East-West Center Economics Working Papers, forthcoming in S. Sassen (Ed.) Digital Formations in a Connected World, published for the U.S. Social Science Research Council, Princeton University Press, June, No. 56.
19. iSuppli, (2003) China's Fabless Firms Race Beyond Foundation Stage, report prepared by W. Byron, El Segundo, CA: iSuppli.
20. Dahlman, C.J. and Aubert, J.E. (2001) China and the Knowledge Economy, Washington, D.C.: World Bank Institute, The World Bank.
21. The citation index measures the frequency of citation of a particular patent. When the US Patent Office publishes patents, each one includes a list of other patents from which it is derived. The more often a patent is cited, the more likely it is a pioneering patent, connected with important inventions and discoveries. An index of more than one indicates that patents are cited more often than would be expected for a specific group of technologies, while less than one indicates they are cited less often than expected. See [33]
22. CHI/MIT (2003) report on 'Innovation score', Survey, at CHI.com
23. Ernst, D. (2003d) 'Digital information systems and global flagship networks: how mobile is knowledge in the global network economy?', in J.F. Christensen (Ed.) The Industrial Dynamics of the New Digital Economy, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
24. Saxenian, A. (2002) The Silicon Valley connection: transnational networks and regional development in Taiwan, China and India', in D. Ernst and L. Kim (Eds.) Industry and Innovation, Global Production Networks, August, Vol. 9, No. 2, special issue, p. 183.
25. Foray, D. and Steinmueller, W.E. (2001) 'Replication of routine, the domestication of tacit knowledge and the economics of inscription technology: a brave new world?', paper presented at the conference, Danish Research Unit in Industrial Dynamics (DRUID), in honor of Richard R. Nelson and Sidney Winter, Denmark: Aalborg, June 12-15.
26. Jørgensen, H.D. and Krogstie, J. (2000) 'Active models for dynamic networked organisations', Working Paper, Institute of Computer & Information Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, available from Harvard.D.Jorgensen@ informatics.sintef.no
27. As argued, for instance, in Langlois, R.N. (2001) The vanishing hand: the modular revolution in American business", paper presented at the conference in honor of Richard R. Nelson and Sidney Winter, Danish Research Unit in Industrial Dynamics (DRUID), Aalborg, Denmark, June 12-15.
28. Bonus, M., Ernst, D. and Haggard, S. (2000) 'Cross-border production networks and the industrial integration of the Asia-Pacific region', in M. Borrus, D. Ernst and S. Haggard (Eds.) International Production Networks in Asia. Rivalry or Riches?, London: Routledge. Ernst, D. (2002b) 'The economics of electronics industry: competitive dynamics and industrial organization', in W. Lazonick (Ed.) The International Encyclopedia of Business and Management (IEBM), Handbook of Economics, London: International Thomson Business Press. Pavitt, K. (2003) 'Are systems designers & integrators' post-industrial' firms?', in A. Prencipe, A. Davies and M. Hobday (Eds.) Systems Integration and Firm Capabilities, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
29. Bonus, M., Ernst, D. and Haggard, S. (2000) 'Cross-border production networks and the industrial integration of the Asia-Pacific region', in M. Borrus, D. Ernst and S. Haggard (Eds.) International Production Networks in Asia. Rivalry or Riches?, London: Routledge. Ernst, D. (2002b) 'The economics of electronics industry: competitive dynamics and industrial organization', in W. Lazonick (Ed.) The International Encyclopedia of Business and Management (IEBM), Handbook of Economics, London: International Thomson Business Press. Pavitt, K. (2003) 'Are systems designers & integrators' post-industrial' firms?', in A. Prencipe, A. Davies and M. Hobday (Eds.) Systems Integration and Firm Capabilities, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
30. Bonus, M., Ernst, D. and Haggard, S. (2000) 'Cross-border production networks and the industrial integration of the Asia-Pacific region', in M. Borrus, D. Ernst and S. Haggard (Eds.) International Production Networks in Asia. Rivalry or Riches?, London: Routledge. Ernst, D. (2002b) 'The economics of electronics industry: competitive dynamics and industrial organization', in W. Lazonick (Ed.) The International Encyclopedia of Business and Management (IEBM), Handbook of Economics, London: International Thomson Business Press. Pavitt, K. (2003) 'Are systems designers & integrators' post-industrial' firms?', in A. Prencipe, A. Davies and M. Hobday (Eds.) Systems Integration and Firm Capabilities, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
31. For example, Feenstra, R. (1998) 'Integration of trade and disintegration of production in the global economy', The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp.31-50. Jones, R. and Kierzskowski, H. (2000) 'A framework for fragmentation', in S. Arndt and H. Kierzkowski (Eds.) Fragmentation and International Trade, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Cheng, L.K. and Kierzkowski, H. (Eds.) (2001) Global Production and Trade in East Asia, Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
32. For example, Feenstra, R. (1998) 'Integration of trade and disintegration of production in the global economy', The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp.31-50. Jones, R. and Kierzskowski, H. (2000) 'A framework for fragmentation', in S. Arndt and H. Kierzkowski (Eds.) Fragmentation and International Trade, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Cheng, L.K. and Kierzkowski, H. (Eds.) (2001) Global Production and Trade in East Asia, Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
33. For example, Feenstra, R. (1998) 'Integration of trade and disintegration of production in the global economy', The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp.31-50. Jones, R. and Kierzskowski, H. (2000) 'A framework for fragmentation', in S. Arndt and H. Kierzkowski (Eds.) Fragmentation and International Trade, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Cheng, L.K. and Kierzkowski, H. (Eds.) (2001) Global Production and Trade in East Asia, Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
34. Ernst, D. (2002a) 'Global production networks and the changing geography of innovation systems. Implications for developing countries', Journal of the Economics of Innovation and New Technologies, Vol. XI, No. 6, pp.497-523. Ernst, D. (2002b) 'The economics of electronics industry: competitive dynamics and industrial organization', in W. Lazonick (Ed.) The International Encyclopedia of Business and Management (IEBM), Handbook of Economics, London: International Thomson Business Press.
35. Ernst, D. (2002a) 'Global production networks and the changing geography of innovation systems. Implications for developing countries', Journal of the Economics of Innovation and New Technologies, Vol. XI, No. 6, pp.497-523. Ernst, D. (2002b) 'The economics of electronics industry: competitive dynamics and industrial organization', in W. Lazonick (Ed.) The International Encyclopedia of Business and Management (IEBM), Handbook of Economics, London: International Thomson Business Press.
36. Ernst, D. and Kim, L. (2002) 'Global production networks, knowledge diffusion and local capability formation', Research Policy, in honor of Richard Nelson and Sydney Winter, Vol.31, Nos. 8-9, special issue, pp.1417-1429.
37. Kim, L. (1993) 'National system of industrial innovation: dynamics of capability building in Korea', in R.R. Nelson (Ed.) National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis, New York: Oxford University Press. Kim, L. (1997) Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea's Technological Learning, Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation, Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Mytelka, L. and Ganiatsos, T. (1998) 'Export performance and technological capabilities - a conceptual framework', Chapter I in D. Ernst, T. Ganiatsos and L. Mytelka (Eds.) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Naughton, B. and Segal, A. (2001) Technology development in the new millenium: China in search of a workable model', revision of the paper presented at the second meeting on Innovation and Crisis: Asian Technology after the Millenium, Cambridge, September 15-16, 2000, mimeo, Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, San Diego: University of California. Liu, X. and White, S. (2001) 'Comparing innovation systems: a framework and application to China's transitional context', Research Policy, Vol. 30, pp.1091-1114. Yusuf, S. (2003) Innovative East Asia. The Future of Growth, Washington, D.C: a co-publication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press. Amsden, A.H. and Chu, W.W. (2003) Second Mover Advantage: Latecomer Upgrading in Taiwan, Cambridge, M.A.: MIT Press. Segal, A. (2003) Digital Dragon. High-Technology Enterprises in China, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
38. Kim, L. (1993) 'National system of industrial innovation: dynamics of capability building in Korea', in R.R. Nelson (Ed.) National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis, New York: Oxford University Press. Kim, L. (1997) Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea's Technological Learning, Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation, Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Mytelka, L. and Ganiatsos, T. (1998) 'Export performance and technological capabilities - a conceptual framework', Chapter I in D. Ernst, T. Ganiatsos and L. Mytelka (Eds.) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Naughton, B. and Segal, A. (2001) Technology development in the new millenium: China in search of a workable model', revision of the paper presented at the second meeting on Innovation and Crisis: Asian Technology after the Millenium, Cambridge, September 15-16, 2000, mimeo, Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, San Diego: University of California. Liu, X. and White, S. (2001) 'Comparing innovation systems: a framework and application to China's transitional context', Research Policy, Vol. 30, pp.1091-1114. Yusuf, S. (2003) Innovative East Asia. The Future of Growth, Washington, D.C: a co-publication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press. Amsden, A.H. and Chu, W.W. (2003) Second Mover Advantage: Latecomer Upgrading in Taiwan, Cambridge, M.A.: MIT Press. Segal, A. (2003) Digital Dragon. High-Technology Enterprises in China, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
39. Kim, L. (1993) 'National system of industrial innovation: dynamics of capability building in Korea', in R.R. Nelson (Ed.) National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis, New York: Oxford University Press. Kim, L. (1997) Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea's Technological Learning, Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation, Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Mytelka, L. and Ganiatsos, T. (1998) 'Export performance and technological capabilities - a conceptual framework', Chapter I in D. Ernst, T. Ganiatsos and L. Mytelka (Eds.) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Naughton, B. and Segal, A. (2001) Technology development in the new millenium: China in search of a workable model', revision of the paper presented at the second meeting on Innovation and Crisis: Asian Technology after the Millenium, Cambridge, September 15-16, 2000, mimeo, Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, San Diego: University of California. Liu, X. and White, S. (2001) 'Comparing innovation systems: a framework and application to China's transitional context', Research Policy, Vol. 30, pp.1091-1114. Yusuf, S. (2003) Innovative East Asia. The Future of Growth, Washington, D.C: a co-publication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press. Amsden, A.H. and Chu, W.W. (2003) Second Mover Advantage: Latecomer Upgrading in Taiwan, Cambridge, M.A.: MIT Press. Segal, A. (2003) Digital Dragon. High-Technology Enterprises in China, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
40. Kim, L. (1993) 'National system of industrial innovation: dynamics of capability building in Korea', in R.R. Nelson (Ed.) National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis, New York: Oxford University Press. Kim, L. (1997) Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea's Technological Learning, Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation, Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Mytelka, L. and Ganiatsos, T. (1998) 'Export performance and technological capabilities - a conceptual framework', Chapter I in D. Ernst, T. Ganiatsos and L. Mytelka (Eds.) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Naughton, B. and Segal, A. (2001) Technology development in the new millenium: China in search of a workable model', revision of the paper presented at the second meeting on Innovation and Crisis: Asian Technology after the Millenium, Cambridge, September 15-16, 2000, mimeo, Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, San Diego: University of California. Liu, X. and White, S. (2001) 'Comparing innovation systems: a framework and application to China's transitional context', Research Policy, Vol. 30, pp.1091-1114. Yusuf, S. (2003) Innovative East Asia. The Future of Growth, Washington, D.C: a co-publication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press. Amsden, A.H. and Chu, W.W. (2003) Second Mover Advantage: Latecomer Upgrading in Taiwan, Cambridge, M.A.: MIT Press. Segal, A. (2003) Digital Dragon. High-Technology Enterprises in China, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
41. Kim, L. (1993) 'National system of industrial innovation: dynamics of capability building in Korea', in R.R. Nelson (Ed.) National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis, New York: Oxford University Press. Kim, L. (1997) Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea's Technological Learning, Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation, Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Mytelka, L. and Ganiatsos, T. (1998) 'Export performance and technological capabilities - a conceptual framework', Chapter I in D. Ernst, T. Ganiatsos and L. Mytelka (Eds.) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Naughton, B. and Segal, A. (2001) Technology development in the new millenium: China in search of a workable model', revision of the paper presented at the second meeting on Innovation and Crisis: Asian Technology after the Millenium, Cambridge, September 15-16, 2000, mimeo, Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, San Diego: University of California. Liu, X. and White, S. (2001) 'Comparing innovation systems: a framework and application to China's transitional context', Research Policy, Vol. 30, pp.1091-1114. Yusuf, S. (2003) Innovative East Asia. The Future of Growth, Washington, D.C: a co-publication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press. Amsden, A.H. and Chu, W.W. (2003) Second Mover Advantage: Latecomer Upgrading in Taiwan, Cambridge, M.A.: MIT Press. Segal, A. (2003) Digital Dragon. High-Technology Enterprises in China, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
42. Kim, L. (1993) 'National system of industrial innovation: dynamics of capability building in Korea', in R.R. Nelson (Ed.) National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis, New York: Oxford University Press. Kim, L. (1997) Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea's Technological Learning, Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Aldershot: Edward Elgar. Lall, S. (2000) 'Technological change and industrialization in the Asian newly industrializing economies: achievements and challenges', in L. Kim and R.R. Nelson (Eds.) Technology, Learning and Innovation, Experiences of Newly Industrializing Economies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ernst, D., Mytelka, L. and Ganiatsos, T. (1998) 'Export performance and technological capabilities - a conceptual framework', Chapter I in D. Ernst, T. Ganiatsos and L. Mytelka (Eds.) Technological Capabilities and Export Success - Lessons from East Asia, London: Routledge Press. Mathews, J.A. and Cho, D.S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Naughton, B. and Segal, A. (2001) Technology development in the new millenium: China in search of a workable model', revision of the paper presented at the second meeting on Innovation and Crisis: Asian Technology after the Millenium, Cambridge, September 15-16, 2000, mimeo, Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, San Diego: University of California. Liu, X. and White, S. (2001) 'Comparing innovation systems: a framework and application to China's transitional context', Research Policy, Vol. 30, pp.1091-1114. Yusuf, S. (2003) Innovative East Asia. The Future of Growth, Washington, D.C: a co-publication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press. Amsden, A.H. and Chu, W.W. (2003) Second Mover Advantage: Latecomer Upgrading in Taiwan, Cambridge, M.A.: MIT Press. Segal, A. (2003) Digital Dragon. High-Technology Enterprises in China, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
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