Dynamic fluid kinetic (DyFK) simulation of auroral ion transport: Synergistic effects of parallel potentials, transverse ion heating, and soft electron precipitation

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Volumn 107, Issue A10, 2002, Pages

  Wu, X Y ^a   Horwitz, J L ^a   Tu, J N ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA IN HUNTSVILLE   (United States)

Author keywords

Auroral ionosphere; Hybrid simulation; Ion transport; Outflow; Upflow; Wave heating

Indexed keywords

EID: 13944252680     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2000JA000190     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Alfvén, H., and Fälthammar, C. G. Cosmical Electrodynamics: Fundamental Principles, Clarendon, Oxford, England, 1963.
2. +, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2279, 1994.
3. +out-flow at high latitude: A comparative study, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 22, 065, 1997.
4. Borovsky, J. E., Auroral arc thicknesses as predicted by various theories, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 6101, 1993.
5. Brown, D. G., G. R. Wilson, J. L. Horwitz, and D. L. Gallagher, "Self-consistent" production of ion conies on return current region auroral field lines: A time-dependent, semikinetic model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 1841, 1991.
6. Brown, D. G., J. L. Horwitz, and G. R. Wilson, Synergistic effects of hot plasma-driven potentials and wave-driven ion heating on auroral ionospheric plasma transport, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 17, 499, 1995.
7. Carlson, C. W., et al., FAST observations in the downward auroral current region: Energetic upgoing electron beams, parallel potential drops, and ion heating, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2017, 1998.
8. Crew, G. B., T. Chang, J. M. Retterer, W. K. Peterson, D. A. Gurnett, and R. L. Huff, Ion cyclotron resonance heated conies: Theory and observations, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 3959, 1990.
9. Ergun, R. E., et al., FAST observations of electric field structures in the auroral zone, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2025, 1998.
10. Ergun, R. E., C. W. Carlson, J. P. McFadden, F. S. Mozer, and R. J. Strangeway, Parallel electric fields in discrete arcs, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 4053, 2000.
11. Estep, G. M., J. L. Horwitz, Y.-J. Su, P. G. Richards, G. R. Wilson, and D. G. Brown, A dynamic fluid-kinetic model for ionosphere-magnetosphere plasma transport: Effects of ionization and thermal electron heating by soft electron precipitation, Terr. Atmos. Oceanic Sci., 10, 491, 1999.
12. Ganguli, S. B., H. G. Mitchell, and P. J. Palmadesso, Auroral plasma processes in the presence of kV potential structures, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 5761, 1994a.
13. Ganguli, G., M. J. Keskinen, H. Romero, R. Heelis, T. Moore, and C. Pollock, Coupling of microproceses and macroprocesses due to velocity shear: An application to the low-altitude ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 8873, 1994.
14. Gomey, D. J., et al., The distribution of ion beams and conies below 8000 km, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 83, 1981.
15. Gomey, D. J., Y. T. Chiu, and D. R. Croley Jr., Trapping of ion conies by downward electric fields, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 4205, 1985.
16. Hirahara, M., et al., Relationship of topside ionospheric ion outflows to auroral forms and precipitation, plasma waves, and convection observed by Polar, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 17, 391, 1998.
17. + polar wind in the transition region as influenced by ionospheric convection and electron heating, J.. Geophys. Res., 102, 395, 1997.
18. Horwitz, J. L., and T. E. Moore, Four contemporary issues concerning ionospheric plasma flow to the magnetosphere, Space Sci. Rev., 80, 49, 1997.
19. Huddleston, M. M., C. J. Pollock, M. P. Wuest, J. S. Pickett, T. E. Moore, and W. K. Peterson, Toroidal ion distribution observed at high altitudes equatorward of the cusp, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 469, 2000.
20. Jasperse, J. R., Ion heating, electron acceleration, and the self-consistent parallel E-field in downward auroral current regions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3485, 1998.
21. Kintner, P. M., J. LaBelle, W. Scales, A. W. Yau, and B. A. Whalen, Observations of plasma waves within regions of perpendicular ion acceleration, Geophys. Res. Lett., 13, 1113, 1986.
22. Klumpar, D. M., W. K. Peterson, and E. G. E. G. Shelley, Direct evidence for two-stage (bimodal) acceleration of ionospheric ions, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 10, 779, 1984.
23. Knudsen, D. J., J. H. Gemmons, and J. E. Wahlund, Correlation between core ion energization, suprathermal electron bursts, and broadband ELF plasma waves, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 4171, 1998.
24. + ion distributions in a new polar wind model, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 34, 1647, 1972.
25. Lie-Svendsen, Ø., and M. H. Rees, An improved kinetic model for the polar outflow of a minor ion, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 2415, 1996.
26. Loranc, M., W. B. Hanson, R. A. Heelis, and J. P. St. Maurice, A morphological study of vertical ionospheric flows in the high-latitude F-region, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 3627, 1991.
27. Lund, E. J., E. Mobius, R. E. Ergun, and C. W. Carlson, Mass-dependent effects in ion conic production: The role of parallel electric fields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3593, 1999.
28. Lundin, R., G. Gustafsson, A. I. Eriksson, and G. Marklund, On the importance of high-altitude low-frequency electric field fluctuations for the escape of ionospheric ions, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 5905, 1990.
29. Marklund, G., L. Blomberg, C. G. Falthammar, and P. A. Lindqvist, On intense diverging electric fields associated with black aurora, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1859, 1994.
30. Marklund, G., T. Karlsson, and J. Clemmons, On low-altitude particle acceleration and intense electric fields and their relationship to black aurora, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 17, 509, 1997.
31. McFadden, J. P., C. W. Carlson, and R. E. Ergun, Microstructure of the auroral acceleration region as observed by FAST, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 14, 453, 1999.
32. Mitchell, H. G., and P. J. Palmadesso, A dynamic model for the auroral field line plasma in the presence of field-aligned current, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 2123, 1983.
33. Mobius, E., et al., Species-dependent energies in upward-directed ion beams over auroral arcs as observed with FAST TEAMS, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2029, 1998.
34. Moore, T. E., R. Lundin, D. Alcayde, M. Andre, S. B. Ganguli, M. Temerin, and A. Yau, Source processes in the high-latitude ionosphere, in Magnetospheric Plasma Sources and Losses, edited by B. Hultqvist et al., pp. 7-75, Kluwer Acad., Norwell, Mass., 1999.
35. Norqvist, P., M. Andre, and M. Tyrland, A statistical study of ion energization mechanisms in the auroral region, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 23, 459, 1998.
36. Olsen, R. C., L. J. Scott, and S. A. Boardsen, Comparison between Liouville's theorem and observed latitudinal distributions of trapped ions in the plasmapause region, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 2191, 1994.
37. Richards, P. G., Effects of auroral electron precipitation on topside ion outflows, in Cross-Scale Coupling in Space Plasmas, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 93, edited by J. L. Horwitz, N. Singh, and J. L. Burch, pp. 121-126, AGU, Washington, D.C., 1995.
38. Richards, P. G., and D. G. Torr, Analytical modeling of the 3371 A emission rate: Dependence on characteristic electron energy, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 10, 337, 1990.
39. Schriver, D., Particle simulation of the auroral zone showing parallel electric fields, waves, and plasma acceleration, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 14, 655, 1999.
40. Schunk, P. W., and J. J. Sojka, A three-dimensional time-dependent model of the polar wind, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 8973, 1989.
41. Seo, Y., R. Caton, and J. L. Horwitz, Statistical relationships between high-latitude ionospheric F region/topside upflows and their drivers: DE-2 observations, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 7493, 1997.
42. E altitude, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 2279, 1998.
43. Temerin, M., Evidence for a large bulk ion conic heating region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 13, 1059, 1986.
44. Wilson, G. R., Semikinetic modeling of the outflow of ionospheric plasma through the topside collisional to collisionless transition region, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 10, 551, 1992.
45. + upflow velocity distributions via E×B convection in the transition region, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 17, 453, 1994.
46. Winglee, R. M., T. E. Moore, M. C. Fok, B. L. Giles, and D. C. Delcourt, What is the role of ionospheric outflows in substorms and storms? (abstract), Eos Trans. AGU, 80(11), S282, Spring Meet. Suppl., 1999.
47. Wu, X.-Y., J. L. Horwitz, G. Estep, Y.-J. Su, D. Brown, P. G. Richards, and G. R. Wilson, Dynamic fluid kinetic (DyFK) modeling of auroral plasma outflow driven by soft electron precipitation and transverse ion heating, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 17, 263, 1999.
48. Wu, X.-Y., J. L. Horwitz, and Y. Seo, Statistical analysis of F region and topside ionospheric ion field-aligned flow at high latitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 2477, 2000.
49. Yau, A. W., and M. Andre, Sources of ion outflow in the high latitude ionosphere, Space Sci. Rev., 80, 1, 1997.
50. Yau, A. W., B. A. Whalen, W. K. Peterson, and E. G. Shelly, Distribution of upflowing ionospheric ions in the high-altitude polar cap and auroral ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 5507, 1984.