Computational methods in medical decision making: To screen or not to screen?

Statistics in Medicine

Volumn 24, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 569-581

  Kafadar, Karen ^a   Prorok, Philip C ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Discrete event simulation; Disease progression model; Lead time; Length biased sampling; Preclinical duration; Randomized screening trial; Sojourn time; Survival function

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CANCER SCREENING; CANCER SURVIVAL; COST OF ILLNESS; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DISEASE COURSE; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH PROGRAM; HEALTH STATISTICS; HEALTH STATUS; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; MEDICAL ASSESSMENT; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; PROGNOSIS; QUALITY OF LIFE; RANDOMIZATION; RELIABILITY; RISK ASSESSMENT; SAFETY; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SIMULATION;

COMPUTER SIMULATION; DECISION MAKING; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MASS SCREENING; NEOPLASMS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; STATISTICS;

EID: 13844267844     PISSN: 02776715     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/sim.2037     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Prorok PC, Connor RJ, Baker SG. Statistical considerations in cancer screening programs. Urologic Clinics of North America 1990; 17:699-708.
2. Goldberg JD, Wittes JT. The evaluation of medical screening procedures. The American Statistician 1981; 35: 4-11.
3. Cockburn J, Staples M, Hurley SF, De Luise T. Psychological consequences of screening mammography. Journal of Medical Screening 1994; 1:7-12.
4. Beahrs OH, Shapiro S, Smart C. Report of the working group to review the National Cancer Institute - American Cancer Society Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Projects. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1979; 62:640-709.
5. Prorok PC, Connor RJ. Screening for the early detection of cancer. Cancer Investigations 1986; 4:225-238.
6. Byar DP, Simon RM, Friedewald WT et al. Randomized clinical trials: perspectives on some recent ideas. New England Journal of Medicine 1976; 295:74-80.
7. Shapiro S, Venet W, Strax P, Venet L. Periodic Screening for Breast Cancer: The Health Insurance Plan Project and its Sequelae, 1963-1986. Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore, 1988.
8. Nystrom L, Rutqvist LE, Wall S, Lindgren A, Lindqvist M, Ryden S, Andersson I, Bjurstam N, Fagerberg G, Frisell J, Tabar L, Larsson L. Breast cancer screening with mammography: overview of Swedish randomized trials. The Lancet 1993; 341(8851):973-978.
9. Miller AB, Baines CJ, To T, Wall C. Canadian National Breast Cancer Screening Study: 1. Breast cancer detection and death rates among women aged 40-49 years. Canadian Medical Association Journal 1992; 147:1459-1476.
10. Miller AB, Baines CJ, To T, Wall C. Canadian National Breast Cancer Screening Study: 2. Breast cancer detection and death rates among women aged 50-59 years. Canadian Medical Association Journal 1992; 147:1477-1488.
11. Miller AB, To T, Baines CJ, Wall C. Canadian National Breast Cancer Screening Study-2: 13-year results of a randomized trial in women aged 50-59 years. Canadian Medical Association Journal 1992; 147 1477-1488.
12. Mandel JS, Bond JH, Church TR, Snover DC, Bradley GM, Schuman LM, Ederer F. Reducing mortality from colorectal cancer by screening for fecal occult blood. New England Journal of Medicine 1963; 328 1365 -1371.
13. Gohagan JK, Levin DL, Sullivan D, Prorok PC. The prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial. Controlled Clinical Trials 2000; 21(Suppl. 6):249S-406S.
14. Kafadar K, Prorok PC, Smith PJ. An estimate of the variance of estimators for lead time and screening benefit in randomized cancer screening trials. Biometrical Journal 1998; 40:801-821.
15. Connor RJ, Prorok PC. Issues in the mortality analyses of randomized controlled trials of cancer screening. Controlled Clinical Trials 1994; 15:81-99.
16. Kafadar K, Prorok PC. Alternative definitions of comparable case groups and estimates of lead time and benefit time in randomized cancer screening trials. Statistics in Medicine 2003; 21:83 -111.
17. Aron JL, Prorok PC. An analysis of the mortality effect in a breast cancer screening study. International Journal of Epidemiology 1986; 15:36-43.
18. Baker SG, Kramer BS, Prorok PC. Statistical issues in randomized trials of cancer screening. BMC Medical Research Methodology 2002; 2:11; http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2288/2/11
19. Habbema JDF, Van Oortmarssen GJ, Van Putten DJ. An analysis of survival differences between clinically and screen-detected cancer patients. Statistics in Medicine 1983; 2:279-183.
20. Etzioni R, Self SD. On the catch-up time method for analyzing cancer screening trials. Biometrics 1995; 51: 31-43.
21. Kafadar K, Prorok PC. Computer simulation experiments of randomized screening trials. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis 1996; 23:263-291.
22. Chen J, Prorok PC, Graff KM. An age dependent stochastic model of periodic screening: length bias at a prevalence screen. Mathematical Biosciences 1983; 65:93-123.
23. Box GEP, Hunter WS, Hunter JS. Statistics for Experimenters. Wiley: New York, 1974.
24. Wichmann BA, Hill ID. Algorithm 183: an efficient and portable pseudo-random number generator. Applied Statistics 1982; 31:188-190.
25. Zelen M. Theory of early detection of breast cancer in the general population. In Breast Cancer: Trends in Research and Treatment Heuson JC, Mattheiem WH, Rozenweig M (eds). Raven Press: New York, 1976; 287-301.
26. Cox DR, Lewis PAW. The Statistical Analysis of Discrete Time Events. Oxford Press: London, 1972.
27. Schotz WE, Zelen M. Effect of length sampling bias on labeled mitotic index waves. Journal of Theoretical Biology 1971; 32 383-404.
28. Fontana RS, Sanderson DR, Woolner LB, Taylor WF, Miller WE, Muhm JR, Bernatz PE, Payne WS, Pairolero PC, Bergstalh EJ. Screening for lung cancer: a critique of the Mayo lung project. Cancer 1991; 67:1155-1164.
29. Spratt JS, Meyer JS, Spratt JA. Rates of growth of human solid neoplasms, Part I. Journal of Surgical Oncology 1995; 60 137-146.
30. Spratt JS, Meyer JS, Spratt JA. Rates of growth of human solid neoplasms, Part II. Journal of Surgical Oncology 1996; 61 69-83.