-
2
-
-
0006461285
-
'Islamic Fundamentalism and Pagad: An Internal Security Issue for South Africa'
-
(Autumn)
-
B. White Haefele, 'Islamic Fundamentalism and Pagad: An Internal Security Issue for South Africa', Crime and Conflict, Vol.11 (Autumn 1998), p.10.
-
(1998)
Crime and Conflict
, vol.11
, pp. 10
-
-
Haefele, B.W.1
-
3
-
-
0347385054
-
'Reclaiming the Cape Flats: A Community Challenge to Crime and Gangsterism'
-
(Winter)
-
I. Kinnes, 'Reclaiming the Cape Flats: A Community Challenge to Crime and Gangsterism', Crime and Conflict, Vol.2 (Winter 1995), p.5.
-
(1995)
Crime and Conflict
, vol.2
, pp. 5
-
-
Kinnes, I.1
-
4
-
-
13744251917
-
-
Diunefontein Community Centre, Manenberg, 23 November
-
Diunefontein Community Centre, Manenberg, 23 November 1999.
-
(1999)
-
-
-
5
-
-
13744260720
-
'Introduction'
-
R. Galant and F. Gamieldien (eds), (Claremont: Masjid)
-
S. Jeppie, 'Introduction', in R. Galant and F. Gamieldien (eds), Drugs, Gangs, People's Power (Claremont: Masjid, 1996).
-
(1996)
Drugs, Gangs, People's Power
-
-
Jeppie, S.1
-
6
-
-
13744251604
-
-
Ibid
-
Ibid., p.14.
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
13744256852
-
-
Gaynor Wasser, chair of the Western Cape Anti-Crime Forum, 16 March
-
Gaynor Wasser, chair of the Western Cape Anti-Crime Forum, 16 March 1999.
-
(1999)
-
-
-
8
-
-
13744252715
-
-
Ibid
-
I b i d.
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
0003428685
-
-
Statistics South Africa, (Pretoria: Statistics South Africa)
-
Statistics South Africa, Labour Force Survey (Pretoria: Statistics South Africa, 2004).
-
(2004)
Labour Force Survey
-
-
-
11
-
-
0003982025
-
-
South African Institute for Race Relations, (Johannesburg: SAIRR)
-
South African Institute for Race Relations, South Africa Survey 1997/ 1998 (Johannesburg: SAIRR, 1998), p.22.
-
(1998)
South Africa Survey 1997/1998
, pp. 22
-
-
-
12
-
-
13744262500
-
-
Ibid
-
Ibid., pp.43-48.
-
-
-
-
14
-
-
13744257674
-
'Crime and Community Action: Pagad and the Cape Flats, 1996-1997'
-
(June)
-
C. Africa, R. Mattes, M. Roefs and H. Taylor, 'Crime and Community Action: Pagad and the Cape Flats, 1996-1997', Public Opinion Service Reports, No.4 (June 1998), pp.11-16.
-
(1998)
Public Opinion Service Reports
, Issue.4
, pp. 11-16
-
-
Africa, C.1
Mattes, R.2
Roefs, M.3
Taylor, H.4
-
15
-
-
13744258477
-
-
PAGAD's webpage
-
PAGAD's webpage, .
-
-
-
-
16
-
-
13744261868
-
-
PAGAD's webpage
-
PAGAD's webpage, .
-
-
-
-
17
-
-
17444393918
-
'Taking on the State? Pagad and Islamic Radicalism'
-
(Spring)
-
F. Esack, 'Taking on the State? Pagad and Islamic Radicalism', Indicator SA, Vol.8, No.4 (Spring 1996).
-
(1996)
Indicator SA
, vol.8
, Issue.4
-
-
Esack, F.1
-
18
-
-
2642511469
-
-
Research Report (Cape Town: Institute of Criminology, University of Cape Town)
-
B. Dixon and L.-M. Johns, Gangs, PAGAD and the State, Research Report (Cape Town: Institute of Criminology, University of Cape Town, 2000), p.16.
-
(2000)
Gangs, PAGAD and the State
, pp. 16
-
-
Dixon, B.1
Johns, L.-M.2
-
19
-
-
17444432556
-
'People Against Gangsterism and Drugs'
-
(June ); Esack (note 18); and Haefele (note 3)
-
C.J.B. Le Roux, 'People Against Gangsterism and Drugs', Journal of Contemporary History, Vol.22, No.1 (June 1997); Esack (note 18); and Haefele (note 3).
-
(1997)
Journal of Contemporary History
, vol.22
, Issue.1
-
-
Le Roux, C.J.B.1
-
20
-
-
13744257525
-
'Pagad's True Colours Revealed'
-
28 August
-
D. Daniels, 'Pagad's True Colours Revealed', Weekly Mail and Guardian 28 August 1998.
-
(1998)
Weekly Mail and Guardian
-
-
Daniels, D.1
-
21
-
-
13744261197
-
'Behind Pagad's Jihad Hijackers or Heroes'
-
18 August
-
C. Carter, 'Behind Pagad's Jihad Hijackers or Heroes', City Press, 18 August 1996, p.17.
-
(1996)
City Press
, pp. 17
-
-
Carter, C.1
-
22
-
-
13744260052
-
'Pagad Ordered Gang Attack, Court Told'
-
4 September
-
'Pagad Ordered Gang Attack, Court Told', Mail and Guardian Online, 4 September 2000.
-
(2000)
Mail and Guardian Online
-
-
-
23
-
-
13744249345
-
'Pagad's G-Force Spy Lifts the Lid on Violence'
-
10 October
-
L. Johns, 'Pagad's G-Force Spy Lifts the Lid on Violence', Cape Argus 10 October 2000.
-
(2000)
Cape Argus
-
-
Johns, L.1
-
24
-
-
13744251755
-
'Muslims to Protest'
-
10 January
-
Sunday Times 'Muslims to Protest', 10 January 1999.
-
(1999)
Sunday Times
-
-
-
25
-
-
13744254132
-
'Pagad Warns of Anarchy if Protestor Dies'
-
15 January
-
C. Erfort, 'Pagad Warns of Anarchy if Protestor Dies', Cape Argus, 15 January 1999;
-
(1999)
Cape Argus
-
-
Erfort, C.1
-
26
-
-
13744256541
-
'Pagar Threats Heats Up Election Battle'
-
17 January
-
City Press, 'Pagar Threats Heats Up Election Battle', 17 January 1999, p.11.
-
(1999)
City Press
, pp. 11
-
-
-
27
-
-
13744253812
-
'The Prime Suspects'
-
H. Boshoff, A. Botha and M. Schönteich (eds), (Half Way House: Institute for Security Studies)
-
A. Botha, 'The Prime Suspects', in H. Boshoff, A. Botha and M. Schönteich (eds), Fear in the City (Half Way House: Institute for Security Studies, 2001).
-
(2001)
Fear in the City
-
-
Botha, A.1
-
28
-
-
13744258641
-
-
Information found at
-
Information found at .
-
-
-
-
29
-
-
13744255791
-
'Intelligence report links 24 killings to Pagad'
-
Sapa-AFP, 25 February
-
Sapa-AFP, 'Intelligence report links 24 killings to Pagad', Sowetan 25 February 1999.
-
(1999)
Sowetan
-
-
-
32
-
-
13744258816
-
'Pagad Man gets 32 Years for Murders'
-
14 December
-
Sapa, 'Pagad Man gets 32 Years for Murders', Independent Online, 14 December 1999.
-
(1999)
Independent Online
-
-
Sapa, A.1
-
33
-
-
13744252716
-
'Jay Naidoo Condemns Pagad's Threats'
-
15 November
-
R. Rossouw, 'Jay Naidoo Condemns Pagad's Threats', Weekly Mail and Guardian, 15 November 1996.
-
(1996)
Weekly Mail and Guardian
-
-
Rossouw, R.1
-
34
-
-
13744251752
-
'Reuters Move after Threats'
-
20 October
-
Sapa, 'Reuters Move after Threats', The Star, 20 October 1999, p.3.
-
(1999)
The Star
, pp. 3
-
-
Sapa, A.1
-
35
-
-
13744262499
-
'Full-Scale Gang War Threatens the Flats'
-
8 August
-
'Full-Scale Gang War Threatens the Flats', Weekly Mail and Guardian 8 August 1996.
-
(1996)
Weekly Mail and Guardian
-
-
-
36
-
-
13744258966
-
'Scorpions Swoop on Pagad'
-
16 January
-
J. Heard, 'Scorpions Swoop on Pagad', Sunday Times, 16 January 2000.
-
(2000)
Sunday Times
-
-
Heard, J.1
-
37
-
-
13744256699
-
'FBI Joins Cape Town's War on Terrorism'
-
(London), 12 September
-
K. MacGregor, 'FBI Joins Cape Town's War on Terrorism', The Independent (London), 12 September 2000, p. 12.
-
(2000)
The Independent
, pp. 12
-
-
Macgregor, K.1
-
38
-
-
13744249808
-
'Tshwete declares war on Pagad'
-
www.iol.co.za, 13 September
-
J. Lovell, 'Tshwete declares war on Pagad', Independent Online, www.iol.co.za, 13 September 2000.
-
(2000)
Independent Online
-
-
Lovell, J.1
-
39
-
-
13744259416
-
'Safety At Any Cost: Community Perceptions of Pagad'
-
(Winter)
-
J. Christie, 'Safety At Any Cost: Community Perceptions of Pagad', Crime and Conflict, No.9 (Winter 1997), pp.30-31.
-
(1997)
Crime and Conflict
, Issue.9
, pp. 30-31
-
-
Christie, J.1
-
40
-
-
13744263490
-
'No One to Trust: Preliminary results from a Manenberg Crime Survey'
-
(September)
-
T. Leggett, 'No One to Trust: Preliminary results from a Manenberg Crime Survey', South African Crime Quarterly, No. 9 (September 2004), p. 33.
-
(2004)
South African Crime Quarterly
, Issue.9
, pp. 33
-
-
Leggett, T.1
-
42
-
-
13744263049
-
'Pagad has Become Just Another Gang'
-
17 December
-
'Pagad has Become Just Another Gang', Cape Times, 17 December 1996.
-
(1996)
Cape Times
-
-
-
43
-
-
13744254591
-
'South Africa's Operational and Legislative Responses to Terrorism'
-
Boshoff, Botha and Schönteich (note 26)
-
H. Boshoff and M. Schönteich, 'South Africa's Operational and Legislative Responses to Terrorism', in Boshoff, Botha and Schönteich (note 26).
-
-
-
Boshoff, H.1
Schönteich, M.2
-
44
-
-
13744260213
-
'Murdered Pagad Leader was Informer'
-
23 July
-
M. Merten, 'Murdered Pagad Leader was Informer', Weekly Mail and Guardian, 23 July 1999.
-
(1999)
Weekly Mail and Guardian
-
-
Merten, M.1
-
45
-
-
13744255940
-
'G-Force suspects face over 40 murder charges'
-
11 October
-
E. Ellis, 'G-Force suspects face over 40 murder charges', Cape Argus 11 October 2000.
-
(2000)
Cape Argus
-
-
Ellis, E.1
-
46
-
-
13744251753
-
'Back to detention without trial?'
-
15 September
-
M. Merten, 'Back to detention without trial?', Weekly Mail and Guardian, 15 September 2000.
-
(2000)
Weekly Mail and Guardian
-
-
Merten, M.1
-
47
-
-
13744263320
-
'Pagad Bombers Jailed for 30 Years'
-
SAPA, 19 October
-
SAPA, 'Pagad Bombers Jailed for 30 Years', Independent Online, 19 October 2001.
-
(2001)
Independent Online
-
-
-
48
-
-
13744263051
-
'Pagad G-Force Duo Jailed for Life'
-
SAPA, 20 December
-
SAPA, 'Pagad G-Force Duo Jailed for Life', Independent Online, 20 December 2002.
-
(2002)
Independent Online
-
-
-
49
-
-
13744263050
-
'Staggie Death March Leader Jailed for 5 years'
-
SAPA, 26 March
-
SAPA, 'Staggie Death March Leader Jailed for 5 years', Independent Online, 26 March 2002.
-
(2002)
Independent Online
-
-
-
50
-
-
13744249808
-
'Tshwete Declares War on Pagad'
-
13 September
-
G. Lovell, 'Tshwete Declares War on Pagad', Independent Online, 13 September 2000.
-
(2000)
Independent Online
-
-
Lovell, G.1
-
52
-
-
3943058384
-
'Crime as Social Control'
-
D. Black (ed.), (Orlando, FL: Academic Press)
-
D. Black, 'Crime as Social Control', in D. Black (ed.) Toward a General Theory of Social Control, Vol.2 (Orlando, FL: Academic Press, 1984).
-
(1984)
Toward a General Theory of Social Control
, vol.2
-
-
Black, D.1
-
53
-
-
0007267102
-
'Collective Violence as Social Control'
-
R.S. De la Roche, 'Collective Violence as Social Control', Sociological Forum, Vol. 11, No.1 (1996), pp.97-128.
-
(1996)
Sociological Forum
, vol.11
, Issue.1
, pp. 97-128
-
-
De la Roche, R.S.1
-
55
-
-
13744259748
-
-
Ibid
-
Ibid., p.13.
-
-
-
-
57
-
-
0003703806
-
-
(Cambridge: Polity Press)
-
R. Abrahams, Vigilant Citizens (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1998), p.9.
-
(1998)
Vigilant Citizens
, pp. 9
-
-
Abrahams, R.1
-
58
-
-
0013489415
-
-
2nd ed. (New York: Cambridge University Press)
-
G. Wardlaw, Political Terrorism, 2nd ed. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
-
(1990)
Political Terrorism
-
-
Wardlaw, G.1
-
59
-
-
13744255623
-
'Defining Terrorism'
-
M. Slann and B. Schechterman, (eds), (London: Lynne Rienner Publishers Inc)
-
N.W. Provizer, 'Defining Terrorism', in M. Slann and B. Schechterman, (eds), Multidimensional Terrorism (London: Lynne Rienner Publishers Inc, 1987).
-
(1987)
Multidimensional Terrorism
-
-
Provizer, N.W.1
-
60
-
-
0030361687
-
'Terrorism and the Blind Men's Elephant'
-
(Autumn)
-
A. Silke, 'Terrorism and the Blind Men's Elephant', Terrorism and Political Violence, Vol.8, No.3 (Autumn 1996).
-
(1996)
Terrorism and Political Violence
, vol.8
, Issue.3
-
-
Silke, A.1
-
61
-
-
5844310560
-
'How to Combat the Reign of Terror'
-
2 August
-
P. Wilkinson, 'How to Combat the Reign of Terror', New Statesman, 2 August 1996, p. 12.
-
(1996)
New Statesman
, pp. 12
-
-
Wilkinson, P.1
-
62
-
-
84928459896
-
-
(Princeton, NJ: Transaction)
-
Alex Schmid and A.J. Longman. Political Terrorism - A New Guide to Actors and Authors, Data Bases, and Literature (Princeton, NJ: Transaction, 1987), p.21.
-
(1987)
Political Terrorism - A New Guide to Actors and Authors, Data Bases, and Literature
, pp. 21
-
-
Schmid, A.1
Longman, A.J.2
-
63
-
-
84982712548
-
'The Use and Abuse of Political Violence'
-
September
-
D. Miller, 'The Use and Abuse of Political Violence', Political Studies, September 1984, p.403.
-
(1984)
Political Studies
, pp. 403
-
-
Miller, D.1
-
65
-
-
0003891710
-
-
US Department of State, (Washington: US Department of State)
-
US Department of State, Patterns of Global Terrorism 2001 (Washington: US Department of State, 2002).
-
(2002)
Patterns of Global Terrorism 2001
-
-
-
66
-
-
0141766680
-
-
(Washington: US Department of State)
-
Patterns of Global Terrorism 2002 (Washington: US Department of State, 2003).
-
(2003)
Patterns of Global Terrorism 2002
-
-
-
67
-
-
0003891710
-
-
(Washington: US Department of State)
-
Patterns of Global Terrorism 2003 (Washington: US Department of State, 2004).
-
(2004)
Patterns of Global Terrorism 2003
-
-
-
68
-
-
13744255793
-
'Islamism and PAGAD: Finding the Connection'
-
(note 6)
-
A.L Tayob, 'Islamism and PAGAD: Finding the Connection', in Galant and Gamieldien (note 6) p.32.
-
Galant and Gamieldien
, pp. 32
-
-
Tayob, A.I.1
-
69
-
-
13744250249
-
'Boeremag and Pagad a threat to SA security'
-
19 June
-
J. Michaels, 'Boeremag and Pagad a threat to SA security', The Mercury, 19 June 2003, p.5.
-
(2003)
The Mercury
, pp. 5
-
-
Michaels, J.1
-
71
-
-
13744251153
-
'Thswete is Barking Up Wrong Tree'
-
18 September
-
T. Leggett, 'Thswete is Barking Up Wrong Tree', Mail and Guardian Online, 18 September 2000.
-
(2000)
Mail and Guardian Online
-
-
Leggett, T.1
-
72
-
-
13744251753
-
'Back to Detention without Trial?'
-
15 September
-
M. Merten, 'Back to Detention without Trial?', Weekly Mail and Guardian, 15 September 2000.
-
(2000)
Weekly Mail and Guardian
-
-
Merten, M.1
-
73
-
-
13744250847
-
'Pagad: One Merchant, One Bullet'
-
14 June
-
M. Dlakavu, 'Pagad: One Merchant, One Bullet', Cape Argus, 14 June 2004.
-
(2004)
Cape Argus
-
-
Dlakavu, M.1
-
74
-
-
13744252076
-
'Children as Young as 10 are Getting Hooked'
-
21 June
-
'Children as Young as 10 are Getting Hooked', Cape Times, 21 June 2004.
-
(2004)
Cape Times
-
-
|