Effects of alkali addition on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete

Cement and Concrete Research

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 203-212

  Smaoui, N ^a   Berube M A ^b   Fournier, B ^c   Bissonnette, B ^b   Durand, B ^d  

^a Serv d'Expertise Mat (SEM) Inc   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL   (Canada)

^c NATURAL RESOURCES CANADA   (Canada)

^d HYDRO QUÉBEC   (Canada)

Author keywords

Alkalies; Concrete; Freezing and thawing; Mechanical strengths; Shrinkage

Indexed keywords

CEMENTS; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; CRACK INITIATION; ELASTIC MODULI; ELASTICITY; FREEZING; MICROSTRUCTURE; MIXTURES; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SHRINKAGE; SILICA; SODIUM COMPOUNDS; THAWING;

ALKALIES; DRYING SHRINKAGE; DYNAMIC MODULUS; FREEZING AND THAWING;

CONCRETES;

EID: 13644254761     PISSN: 00088846     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.007     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Burrows R.W. The visible and invisible cracking of concrete. ACI Monograph No. 11. 1998;The American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. 78 pp.
2. Jawed I., Skalny J. Alkalis in cement: a review: II. Effects of alkalis on hydration and performance of portland cement. Cem. Concr. Res. 8:1978;37-52
3. Blaine R.L., Arni H.T., Evans D.H., Defore M.R., Clifton J.R., Methey R.G. Compilation of data from laboratory studies. Building Science Series 36, Part 6. 42:1971;National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC. 115 pp.
4. Carlson R.W. Remarks on the durability of concrete. ACI J. 35:1939;359-364
5. Neville A.M. Role of cement in creep of mortar. J. Am. Concr. Inst. 5:1959;963-984
6. Osbaeck B. On the influence of alkalis on strength development of blended cements. The Chemistry and Chemically Related Properties of Cement. Br. Ceram. Proc. 35:1984;375-383
7. Gouda G.R. Microstructure and properties of high-alkali clinker. 8th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Theme 1. vol. 2:1986;234-239 Alba Grafica e Editora Ltda, Rio de Janeiro
8. McCoy W.J., Eshenour D.L. Significance of total and water soluble alkali contents of cement. 5th International Symposium on the Chemistry of Cement. vol. 2:1968;437-443 Cement Association of Japan, Tokyo, Japan
9. Shayan A., Ivanusec I. Influence of NaOH on mechanical properties of cement paste and mortar with and without reactive aggregate. 8th International Conference on Alkali-Aggregate Reaction. 1989;715-720 Society of Materials Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
10. Odler I., Wonnemann R. Effects of alkalies on portland cement hydration: II. Alkalies present in form of sulfates. Cem. Concr. Res. 13:1983;771-777
11. Odler I., Wonnemann R. Effects of alkalies on portland cement hydration: I. Alkali oxides incorporated into the crystal lattice of clinker minerals. Cem. Concr. Res. 13:1983;477-482
12. Alexander K.M., Davis C.E.S. Effect of alkali on the strength of portland cement paste. Aust. J. Appl. Sci. 11:1960;146-156
13. Vivian H.E. Studies in cement aggregate reaction: Part XIII. The effect of added sodium hydroxide on the tensile strength of mortar. Bulletin No. 256. 1950;48-52 CSIRO, Melbourne
14. Backstrom J.E., Burrows R.W. Discussion on observations on the resistance of concrete to freezing and thawing, by Hubert Woods. ACI J. 27(4):1955
15. Plante P., Pigeon M., Saucier F. Air-void stability, Part II: influence of superplasticizers and cement. ACI Mater. J. 86:1989;581-589
16. Vivian H.E. Alkalies in cement. 5th International Conference on Alkali-Aggregate Reaction, National Building Research Institute, Pretoria, South Africa. 1981;. Paper S252/5, 5 pp.
17. Way S.J., Shayan A. Early hydration of a portland cement in water and sodium hydroxide solutions: composition of solutions and nature of solid phases. Cem. Concr. Res. 19:1989;759-769
18. Suzuki K., Nishikawa T., Ikenaga H., Ito S. Effect of NaCl or NaOH on the formation of CSH. Cem. Concr. Res. 16:1986;333-340
19. Pickett G. Effect of gypsum content and other factors on shrinkage of concrete prisms. ACI J. 19:1947;149-175
20. Nemati K.M., Monteiro P.J.M., Scrivener K.L. Analysis of compressive stress-induced cracks in concrete. ACI Mater. J. 95:1998;617-630