Seasonal variations of the atmospheric temperature structure at South Pole

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

Volumn 108, Issue 18, 2003, Pages

  Pan, Weilin ^a   Gardner, Chester S ^a  

^a University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign   (United States)

Author keywords

Lidar; Middle atmosphere temperature; South Pole

Indexed keywords

LIDAR; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; SEASONAL VARIATION; TEMPERATURE;

ANTARCTICA;

EID: 1342310667     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003217     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Barnett, J., and M. Corney, Middle atmosphere reference model derived from satellite data, Handb. MAP, 90, 47-85, 1985.
2. Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, and G. Papen, Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds at South Pole: Seasonal variations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1203-1206, 2001a.
3. Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, and G. Papen, Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds at South Pole: Diurnal variations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1937-1940, 2001b.
4. Chu, X., W. Pan, G. C. Papen, C. S. Gardner, and J. A. Gelbwachs, Fe Boltzmann temperature lidar: Design, error analysis, and initial results at the North and South Poles, Appl. Opt., 41, 4400-4410, 2002.
5. Collins, R. L., K. P. Bowman, and C. S. Gardner, Polar stratospheric clouds at the South Pole in 1990: Lidar observations and analysis, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 1001-1010, 1993.
6. Di Donfrancesco, G., A. Adriani, G. P. Gobbi, and F. Congeduti, Lidar observations of stratospheric temperature above McMurdo Station. Antarctica, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 58, 1391-1399, 1996.
7. Fomichev, V. I., and G. M. Shved, Net radiative heating in the middle atmosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 50, 671-688, 1988.
8. Fomichev, V. I., G. M. Shved, and A. A. Kutepov, Radiative cooling of the 30-110 km atmospheric layer, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 48, 529-544, 1986.
9. 2 concentration, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 11,505-11,528, 1998.
10. Garcia, R. R., and B. A. Boville, "Downward control" of the mean meridional circulation and temperature distribution of the polar winter stratosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2238-2245, 1994.
11. Gardner, C. S,, G. C. Papen, X. Chu, and W. Pan, First lidar observations of middle atmosphere temperatures, Fe densities, and polar mesospheric clouds over the North and South Poles, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1199-1202, 2001.
12. Gelbwachs, J. A., Iron Boltzmann factor lidar: Proposed new remote-sensing technique for mesospheric temperature, Appl. Opt., 33, 7151-7156, 1994.
13. 2 record at the South Pole, 1975-1982, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 4231-4240, 1987.
14. Greet, P. A., J. Innis, and P. L. Dyson, High-resolution Fabry-Perot observations of mesospheric OH (6-2) emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1153-1156, 1994.
15. Hedin, A. E., Extension of the MSIS thermospheric model into the middle and lower atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 1159-1172, 1991.
16. Hernandez, G., R. W. Smith, and J. F. Conner, Neutral wind and temperature in the upper atmosphere above South Pole, Antarctica, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 53-56, 1992.
17. Holton, J. R., An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorolgy, 3rd ed., 511 pp., Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1992.
18. Kawahara, T. D., T. Kitahara, F. Kobayashi, Y. Saito, A. Nomura, C.-Y. She, and D. A. Krueger, Wintertime mesopause temperatures observed by lidar measurements over Syowa Station (69°S, 39°E), Antarctica, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(15), 1709, doi:10.1029/2002GL015244, 2002.
19. Lübken, F.-J., M. J. Jarvis, and G. O. L. Jones. First in situ temperature measurements at the Antarcitic summer mesopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3581-3584, 1999.
20. Mlynczak, M. G., and S. Solomon, Middle atmosphere heating by exothermic chemical reactions involving odd-hydrogen species, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 37-40, 1991.
21. Mlynczak, M. G., and S. Solomon, A detailed evaluation of the heating efficiency in the middle atmospheres, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10,517-10,541, 1993.
22. Pan, W., C. S. Gardner, and R. G. Roble, The temperature structure of the winter atmosphere at South Pole, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(16), 1802, doi:10.1029/2002GL015288, 2002.
23. Pfenninger, M., A. Z. Liu, G. C. Papen, and C. S. Gardner, Gravity wave characteristics in the lower atmosphere at south pole, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 5934-5984, 1999.
24. Roble, R. G., and E. C. Ridley, A thermosphere-ionosphere-mesosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model (time-GCM): Equinox solar cycle minimum simulations (30-500 km), Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 417-420, 1994.
25. Schoeberl, M. R., and D. L. Hartmann, The dynamics of the stratospheric polar vortex and its relation to springtime ozone depletions, Science, 251, 46-52, 1991.