Pions in nuclei, a probe of chiral symmetry restoration

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 85-132

  Kienle, Paul ^a,b   Yamazaki, Toshimitsu ^c  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b ERICH SCHMID INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS SCIENCE   (Austria)

^c RIKEN   (Japan)

Author keywords

Chiral symmetry restoration; Deeply bound pionic states; Iso s wave interaction; Pionic atoms; Pionic nucleus

Indexed keywords

BINDING ENERGY; CHEMICAL BONDS; KINEMATICS; MAGNETIZATION; NEUTRONS; NUCLEAR PHYSICS; PHASE DIAGRAMS; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS;

CHIRAL SYMMETRY RESTORATION; DEEPLY BOUND PIONIC STATES; ISO S-WAVE INTERACTION; PIONIC ATOMS; PIONIC-NUCLEUS;

HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS;

EID: 1342302548     PISSN: 01466410     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ppnp.2003.09.001     Document Type: Review

References (102)

1. Y. Nambu, G. Jona-Lasinio, Phys. Rev. 122 (1961) 345; 124 (1961) 246.
2. Y. Nambu, G. Jona-Lasinio, Phys. Rev. 122 (1961) 345; 124 (1961) 246.
3. T. Hatsuda, T. Kunihiro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 158-161; Prog. Theor. Phys. 74 (1985) 765; Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 91 (1987) 284-298; Phys. Reports 247 (1994) 221.
4. T. Hatsuda, T. Kunihiro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 158-161; Prog. Theor. Phys. 74 (1985) 765; Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 91 (1987) 284-298; Phys. Reports 247 (1994) 221.
5. T. Hatsuda, T. Kunihiro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 158-161; Prog. Theor. Phys. 74 (1985) 765; Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 91 (1987) 284-298; Phys. Reports 247 (1994) 221.
6. T. Hatsuda, T. Kunihiro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 158-161; Prog. Theor. Phys. 74 (1985) 765; Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 91 (1987) 284-298; Phys. Reports 247 (1994) 221.
7. U. Vogl, W. Weise, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 27 (1991) 195.
8. R.C. Carrasco, Phys. Rev. C 48 (1993) 2333.
9. M. Gell-Mann, M. Levi, Nuovo Cimento 16 (1960) 705; and see V. Koch, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 6 (1997) 203.
10. M. Gell-Mann, M. Levi, Nuovo Cimento 16 (1960) 705; and see V. Koch, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 6 (1997) 203.
11. M. Gell-Mann, R.J. Oakes, B. Renner, Phys. Rev. 175 (1968) 2195.
12. W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A690 (2001) 98c; W. Weise, Acta Physica Polonica 31 (2000) 2715.
13. W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A690 (2001) 98c; W. Weise, Acta Physica Polonica 31 (2000) 2715.
14. J. Gasser et al., Phys. Lett. B253 (1991) 252; H.C. Schröder et al., Eur Phys. J. C 21 (2001) 473.
15. J. Gasser et al., Phys. Lett. B253 (1991) 252; H.C. Schröder et al., Eur Phys. J. C 21 (2001) 473.
16. E.G. Drukarev, E.M. Levin, Nucl. Phys. A511 (1990) 679.
17. Y. Thorsson, A. Wirzba, Nucl. Phys. A589 (1995) 633.
18. See U.-G. Meissner, J.A. Oller, A. Wirzba, Ann. Phys. 297 (2002) 27, and references therein.
19. Y. Tomozawa, Nuovo Cimento A46 (1966) 707.
20. S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 17 (1966) 616.
21. H.-Ch. Schröder et al., Phys. Lett. B 469 (1999) 25.
22. T.E.O. Ericson, B. Loiseau, A.W. Thomas, Nucl. Phys. A 684 (2001) 380.
23. V. Bernard, N. Kaiser, U.G. Meissner, Phys. Rev. C 52 (1995) 2185.
24. D.F. Anagnostopoulos et al., Hyp. Int. 138 (2001) 131.
25. M. Ericson, T.E.O. Ericson, Ann. Phys. 36 (1966) 323.
26. T.E.O. Ericson, W. Weise, Pions in Nuclei, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1988.
27. E.E. Kolomeitsev, N. Kaiser, W. Weise, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 092501.
28. N. Kaiser, W. Weise, Phys. Lett. B 512 (2001) 283.
29. J. Nieves, E. Oset, C. Garcia-Recio, Nucl. Phys. A 554 (1993) 509.
30. C. Garcia-Recio, E. Oset, L.L. Salcedo, Phys. Rev. C 37 (1988) 194.
31. G.A. Miller, J.V. Noble, Phys. Rec. C 22 (1980) 1211.
32. T. Yamazaki, S. Hirenzaki, Phys. Lett. B 557 (2003) 20.
33. R. Seki, K. Masutani, Phys. Rev. C 27 (1983) 2799.
34. R. Koch, E. Pietarinen, Nucl. Phys. A 336 (1980) 331; R. Koch, Nucl. Phys. A 448 (1986) 707.
35. R. Koch, E. Pietarinen, Nucl. Phys. A 336 (1980) 331; R. Koch, Nucl. Phys. A 448 (1986) 707.
36. M. Camac, Phys. Rev. 88 (1952) 134.
37. D.A. Jenkins, R. Kunselman, M.K. Simmons, T. Yamazaki, Phys. Rev. Lett. 17 (1966) 562.
38. G. Backenstoss, Phys. Lett. B 25 (1967) 365.
39. J. Konijn, C.T.A.M. de Laat, A. Taal, J.H. Koch, Nucl. Phys. A 519 (1990) 773.
40. C. Batty, E. Friedman, A. Gal, Phys. Reports 287 (1997) 385, and references therein.
41. E. Friedman, A. Gal, Phys. Lett. B 432 (1998) 235.
42. E. Friedman, Phys. Lett. B 524 (2002) 87.
43. E. Friedman, Nucl. Phys. A 710 (2002) 117.
44. P. Kienle, T. Yamazaki, Phys. Lett. B 514 (2001) 1.
45. E. Friedman, G. Soff, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Phys. 11 (1985) L37.
46. H. Toki, T. Yamazaki, Phys. Lett. B 213 (1988) 129.
47. H. Toki, S. Hirenzaki, R.S. Hayano, T. Yamazaki, Nucl. Phys. A 501 (1989) 653.
48. H. Toki, S. Hirenzaki, T. Yamazaki, Nucl. Phys. A 530 (1991) 679.
49. S. Hirenzaki, H. Toki, T. Yamazaki, Phys. Rev. C 44 (1991) 2472.
50. T. Yamazaki, R.S. Hayano, O. Morimatsu, K. Yazaki, Phys. Lett. 207B (1988) 393.
51. J. Nieves, E. Oset, Phys. Lett. B 244 (1990) 368.
52. J. Nieves, E. Oset, Phys. Rev. C 43 (1991) 1937.
53. J. Nieves, E. Oset, Phys. Lett. B 282 (1992) 24.
54. J. Nieves, E. Oset, Nucl. Phys. A 553 (1993) 595c.
55. K. Kilian, in: P. Schwandt, H.O. Mayer (Eds.), AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 128, 1985, p. 319.
56. M. Iwasaki et al., Phys. Rev. C 43 (1991) 1099.
57. T. Yamazaki, Phys. Scripta 48 (1993) 169, data based on the experiment of A. Trudel et al. at TRIUMF
58. N. Matsuoka, T. Noro, K. Tamura, M. Yoshimura, M. Yosoi, A. Okihana, T. Yoshimura, Phys. Lett. B 359 (1995) 39.
59. H.W. Fearing, Phys. Rev. C 16 (1977) 313.
60. P. Kienle, Nucl. Phys. A 447 (1985) 419c; ibid A478 (1988) 847c; P. Kienle, K.-D. Gross, Naturwissenschaften 78 (1991) 385.
61. P. Kienle, Nucl. Phys. A 447 (1985) 419c; ibid A478 (1988) 847c; P. Kienle, K.-D. Gross, Naturwissenschaften 78 (1991) 385.
62. P. Kienle, Nucl. Phys. A 447 (1985) 419c; ibid A478 (1988) 847c; P. Kienle, K.-D. Gross, Naturwissenschaften 78 (1991) 385.
63. H. Geissel et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. Phys. Res. B 70 (1992) 286.
64. T. Yamazaki et al., Z. Phys. A 355 (1996) 219.
65. T. Yamazaki et al., Phys. Lett. B 418 (1998) 246.
66. H. Gilg et al., Phys. Rev. C 62 (2000) 025201.
67. K. Itahashi et al., Phys. Rev. C 62 (2000) 025202.
68. Y. Umemoto, S. Hirenzaki, K. Kume, H. Toki, Phys. Rev. C 62 (2000) 024606.
69. H. Geissel et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 122301.
70. K. Suzuki et al., Phys. Rev. Lett.; Available from nucl-ex/0211023, (submitted for publication) and private communication (2003).
71. S. Hirenzaki, H. Toki, Phys. Rev. C 55 (1997) 2719.
72. H. Geissel et al., Phys. Lett. B 549 (2002) 64.
73. G. Fricke, C. Bernhardt, K. Heilig, L.A. Schaller, L. Schellenberg, E.B. Shera, C.W. de Jager, At. Nucl. Data Tables 60 (1995) 177.
74. V.E. Starodubsky, N.M. Hintz, Phys. Rev. C 49 (1994) 2118.
75. A. Krasznahorkay et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 3216.
76. H.-J. Körner, J.P. Schiffer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 27 (1971) 1457; J.P. Schiffer, H.-J. Körner, Phys. Rev. C 8 (1973) 841.
77. H.-J. Körner, J.P. Schiffer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 27 (1971) 1457; J.P. Schiffer, H.-J. Körner, Phys. Rev. C 8 (1973) 841.
78. A. Trzcińska, J. Jastrzȩbski, P. Lubiński, F.J. Hartmann, R. Schmidt, T. von Egidy, B. Kłos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) 082501.
79. R. Leisibach, W. Weise, (private communication) (2000).
80. E.E. Kolomeitsev, N. Kaiser, W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A 721 (2003) 835c.
81. M. Kohl et al., Phys. Lett. B 530 (2002) 67.
82. T. Hatsuda, T. Kunihoro, H. Shimizu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 2840.
83. F. Benutti et al., Nucl. Phys. A 677 (2000) 123.
84. A. Starostin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 5539.
85. P. Camerini et al., Phys. Rev. C 46 (2001) 067601.
86. V. Metag, in: Z. Aouissat (Ed.) Proceedings of the INP Orsay Workshp on Chiral Fluctuations in Hadronic Matter, Paris, 2001.
87. S. Hirenzaki, H. Nagahiro, T. Hatsuda, t. Kunihiro, Nucl. Phys. A 710 (2002) 131.
88. G.E. Brown, M. Rho, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 2720; G.E. Brown, M. Rho, Phys. Rep. 269 (1996) 333.
89. G.E. Brown, M. Rho, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 2720; G.E. Brown, M. Rho, Phys. Rep. 269 (1996) 333.
90. G.E. Brown, M. Rho, Phys. Reports 363 (2002) 85.
91. R.S. Hayano, S. Hirenzaki, A. Gillitzer, Eur. Phys. J. A6 (1999) 99.
92. K. Ozawa et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2001) 5019.
93. P. Salabura et al., Nucl. Phys. B 44 (1995) 701; J. Friese, for the HADES collaboration, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 42 (1999) 235.
94. P. Salabura et al., Nucl. Phys. B 44 (1995) 701; J. Friese, for the HADES collaboration, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 42 (1999) 235.
95. T. Yamazaki, Y. Akaishi, Phys. Lett. B 453 (1999) 1.
96. B. Lenkeit et al., Nucl. Phys. A 661 (1999) 23; G. Agakichiev et al., Phys. Lett. B 422 (1998) 405.
97. B. Lenkeit et al., Nucl. Phys. A 661 (1999) 23; G. Agakichiev et al., Phys. Lett. B 422 (1998) 405.
98. T. Akesson et al., Z. Phys. C 68 (1995) 47; M. Masera, Nucl. Phys. A 590 (1995) 93c.
99. T. Akesson et al., Z. Phys. C 68 (1995) 47; M. Masera, Nucl. Phys. A 590 (1995) 93c.
100. Y. Akaishi, T. Yamazaki, Phys. Rev. C 65 (2002) 044005.
101. T. Yamazaki, Y. Akaishi, Phys. Lett. B 535 (2002) 70.
102. A. Doté, H. Horiuchi, Y. Akaishi, T. Yamazaki, Available from nucl-th/0207085, Phys. Rev. Lett. (submitted for publication).