Prevalence of hypertension hypercholesterolemia, smoking and overweight in older Belgian adolescents

European Journal of Public Health

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 361-365

  Nawrot, Tim S ^a,b   Hoppenbrouwers, Karel ^a   Den Hond, Elly ^a   Fagard, Robert H ^a   Staessen, Jan A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS LEUVEN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Adolescents; Blood pressure; Cardiovascular risk factors; Lifestyle; Overweight; Total cholesterol

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BELGIUM; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY MASS; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CIGARETTE SMOKING; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; LIFESTYLE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR;

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR; ADULT; ALCOHOL DRINKING; ANTHROPOMETRY; BELGIUM; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; FEMALE; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HUMANS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; LIFE STYLE; MALE; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SEX DISTRIBUTION; SMOKING;

EID: 13244295337     PISSN: 11011262     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/14.4.361     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Klag MJ, Ford DE, Mead LA, et al. Serum cholesterol in the young men and subsequent cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 1993;328:313-8.
2. Raitakari OT, Porkka KV, Viikari JS, Ronnemaa T, Akerblom HK. Clustering of risk factors for coronary heart disease in children and adolescents: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Acta Paediatr 1994;83:935-40.
3. Kareinen A, Viitanen L, Halonen P, Lehto S, Laakso M. Cardiovascular risk factors associated with insulin resistance cluster in families with early-onset coronary heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001;21:1346-52.
4. National Cholesterol Education Program. Report of the expert panel on blood cholesterol levels in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 1992;89:523-78.
5. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on Hypertension Control in Children and Adolescents. Update on the 1987 Task Force Report on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: a working group report from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. Pediatrics 1996;98(4Pt. 1):649-58.
6. National Institute of Health. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. Obes Res 1998;6(Suppl. 2):51S-209S.
7. Hulens M, Beunen G, Claessens AL, et al. Trends in BMI among Belgian children, adolescents and adults from 1969 to 1996. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001;25:395-9.
8. Staessen JA, Nawrot T, Den Hond E, et al. Renal function, cytogenetic measurements, and sexual development in adolescents in relation to environmental pollutants: a feasibility study of biomarkers. Lancet 2001;357:1660-9.
9. Nawrot TS, Staessen JA, Den Hond EM, et al. Host and environmental determinants of polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons in serum of adolescents. Environ Health Perspect 2002;110:583-9.
10. 41st World Medical Assembly: Declaration of Helsinki recommendations guiding physicians in biomedical research involving human subjects. Bull Pan Am Health Organ 1990;24:606-9.
11. Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. Classification of occupations and coding index. London: HMSO, 1980.
12. Haufroid V, Lison D. Urinary cotinine as a tobacco-smoke exposure index: a minireview. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1998;71:162-8.
13. Petrie JC, O'Brien ET, Littler WA, de Swiet M. Recommendations on blood pressure measurement by a working party of the British Hypertension Society. Br Med J 1989;293:611-15.
14. Hamill PV, Drizd TA, Johnson CL, Reed RB, Roche AF, Moore WM. Physical growth: National Center for Health Statistics percentiles. Am J Clin Nutr 1979;32:607-29.
15. Newman WP, Bao W, Wattigney W, Berenson GS. Autopsy studies in United States children and adolescents: relationship of risk factors to atherosclerotic lesions. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1991;623:16-25.
16. Must A, Jacques PF, Dallal GE, Bajema CJ, Dietz WH. Long-term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents: a follow-up of the Harvard Growth Study of 1922 to 1935. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1350-5.
17. Tounian P, Aggoun Y, Dubern B, et al. Presence of increased stiffness of the common carotid artery and endothelial dysfunction in severely obese children: a prospective study. Lancet 2001;358:1400-4.
18. Adrogue HE, Sinaiko AR. Prevalence of hypertension in junior high school-aged children: effect of new recommendations in the 1996 Updated Task Force Report. Am J Hypertens 2001;14:412-14.
19. 1993 guidelines for the management of mild hypertension. Memorandum from a World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension meeting. Guidelines Subcommittee of the WHO/ISH Mild Hypertension Liaison Committee. Hypertension 1993;22:392-403.
20. Lang T, de Gaudemaris R, Chatellier G, Hamici L, Diene E. Prevalence and therapeutic control of hypertension in 30 000 subjects in the workplace. Hypertension 2001;38:449-54.
21. Gardner LS, Heady JA. Some effects of within-person variability in epidemiological studies. J Chronic Dis 1973;26:781-95.
22. Bao W, Threefoot SA, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Essential hypertension predicted by tracking of elevated blood pressure from childhood to adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Hypertens 1995;8:657-65.
23. McCarron P, Smith GD, Okasha M, McEwen J. Blood pressure in young adulthood and mortality from cardiovascular disease. Lancet 2000;22:1430-1.
24. Prisco D, Fedi S, Brunelli T, et al. The influence of smoking on von Willebrand factor is already manifest in healthy adolescent females: the Floren-teen (Florence Teenager) Study. In J Clin Lab Res 1999;29:150-4.
25. Lauer RM, Clarke WR. Use of cholesterol measurements in childhood for the prediction of adult hypercholesterolemia: the Muscatine Study. JAMA 1990;264:3034-8.
26. Wechsler H, Rigotti NA, Gledhill-Hoyt J, Lee H. Increased levels of cigarette use among college students: a cause for national concern. JAMA 1998;18:1673-8.
27. Warren CW, Riley L, Asma S, et al. Tobacco use by youth: a surveillance report from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey project. Bull WHO 2000;78:868-76.
28. Unger JB, Yan L, Chen X, et al. Adolescent smoking in Wuhan, China: baseline data from the Wuhan smoking prevention trial. Am J Prev Med 2001;21:162-9.
29. Ghannem H, Darioli R, Limam K, et al. Epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors among schoolchildren in Sousse, Tunisia. J Cardiovasc Risk 2001;8:87-91.
30. Celermajer DS, Adams MR, Clarkson P, et al. Passive smoking and impaired endothelium-dependent arterial dilatation in healthy young adults. N Engl J Med 1996;18:150-3.
31. Pope CA, III, Eatough DJ, Gold DR, et al. Acute exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and heart rate variability. Environ Health Perspect 2001;109:711-6.
32. Lam TH, He Y. Passive smoking and coronary heart disease: a brief review. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1997;24:993-6.
33. Wiencke JK, Kelsey KT. Teen smoking, field cancerization, and a "critical period" hypothesis for lung cancer susceptibility. Environ Health Perspect 2002;110:555-8.