Preoperative small-dose ketamine has no preemptive analgesic effect in patients undergoing total mastectomy
Adam F, Libier M, Oszustowicz T, Lefebvre D, Beal J, Meynadier J. Preoperative small-dose ketamine has no preemptive analgesic effect in patients undergoing total mastectomy. Anesth Analg 1999; 89: 444-447.
Postoperative pain: The effect of low-dose ketamine in addition to general anesthesia
Roytblat L, Korotkoruchko A, Katz J, Glazer M, Greemberg L, Fisher A. Postoperative pain: the effect of low-dose ketamine in addition to general anesthesia. Anesth Analg 1993; 77: 1161-1165.
Preemptive analgesia: No relevant advantage of preoperative compared with postoperative intravenous administration of morphine, ketamine and clonidine in patients undergoing transperitoneal tumor nephrectomy
Holthusen H, Backhaus P, Boeminghaus F, Breulmann M, Lipfert P. Preemptive analgesia: no relevant advantage of preoperative compared with postoperative intravenous administration of morphine, ketamine and clonidine in patients undergoing transperitoneal tumor nephrectomy. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2002; 27: 242-244.
Preemptive analgesia by intravenous low-dose ketamine and epidural morphine in gastrectomy: A randomized double-blind study
Aida S, Yamakura T, Baba H, Taga K, Fukuda S, Shimoji K. Preemptive analgesia by intravenous low-dose ketamine and epidural morphine in gastrectomy: a randomized double-blind study. Anesthesiology 2000; 92: 1624-1630.