Breast cancer risk by age at birth, time since birth and time intervals between births: Exploring interaction effects

British Journal of Cancer

Volumn 92, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 167-175

  Albrektsen, G ^a   Heuch, I ^a   Hansen, S ^b   Kvale G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

^b CANCER REGISTRY OF NORWAY   (Norway)

Author keywords

Age at births; Birth interval; Breast cancer; Pregnancies; Time since births

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BIRTH; BIRTH ORDER; BREAST CANCER; CANCER RISK; DELIVERY; FAMILY PLANNING; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MATERNAL AGE; NORWAY; PARITY; POISSON DISTRIBUTION; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY;

ADULT; AGED; BIRTH INTERVALS; BREAST NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MATERNAL AGE; MIDDLE AGED; NORWAY; PARITY; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 13244260781     PISSN: 00070920     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602302     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Albrektsen G, Heuch I, Tretli S, Kvåle G (1994) Breast cancer incidence before age 55 in relation to parity and age at first and last births: a prospective study of one million Norwegian women. Epidemiology 5: 604-611
2. Albrektsen G, Heuch I, Kvåle G (1995) The short-term and long-term effect of a pregnancy on breast cancer risk: a prospective study of 802,457 parous Norwegian women. Br J Cancer 72: 480-484
3. Albrektsen G, Heuch I, Kvåle G (1999) Joint effects on cancer risk of age at childbirth, time since birth and attained age: circumventing the problem of collinearity. Stat Med 18: 1261-1277
4. Bernstein L, Depue RH, Ross RK, Judd HL, Pike MC, Henderson BE (1986) Higher maternal levels of free estradiol in first compared to second pregnancy: early gestational differences. J Natl Cancer Inst 76: 1035-1039
5. Breslow NE, Day NE (1987) Statistical Methods in Cancer Research Vol. 2, The Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies. IARC Scientific Publications No. 82, Lyon: IARC
6. Brunborg H, Kravdal Ø (1986) Fertility by birth order in Norway. A register based analysis (tables, figures and summary in English). Central Bureau of Statistics of Norway, Report No. 86/27, Oslo-Kongsvinger
7. Chie W-C, Hsieh C-c, Newcomb PA, Longnecker MP, Mittendorf R, Greenberg ER, Clapp RW, Burke KP, Titus-Ernstoff L, Trentham-Dietz A, MacMahon B (2000) Age at any full-term pregnancy and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol 151: 715-722
8. Colditz GA, Rosner B (2000) Cumulative risk of breast cancer to age 70 years according to risk factor status: data from the Nurses' Health study. Am J Epidemiol 152: 950-964
9. Colditz GA, Rosner BA, Chen WY, Holmes MD, Hankinson SE (2004) Risk factors for breast cancer according to estrogen and progesteron receptor status. J Natl Cancer Inst 96: 218-228
10. Cummings P, Weiss NS, McKnight B, Stanford JL (1997) Estimating the risk of breast cancer in relation to the interval since last term pregnancy. Epidemiology 8: 488-494
11. Decarli A, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Franceschi S (1996) Age at any birth and breast cancer in Italy. Int J Cancer 67: 187-189
12. Durrleman S, Simon R (1989) Flexible regression models with cubic splines. Stat Med 8: 551-561
13. Habel LA, Stanford JL (1993) Hormone receptors and breast cancer. Epidemiol Rev 15: 209-219
14. Henderson BE, Bernstein L (1991) The international variation in breast cancer rates: An epidemiological assessment. Breast Cancer Res Treat 18: S11-S17
15. Heuch I, Albrektsen G, Kvåle G (1999) Modeling effects of age at and time since delivery on subsequent risk of cancer. Epidemiology 10: 739-746
16. Heuch I, Albrektsen G, Kvåle G (2000) Modeling effects of age and time since delivery on subsequent cancer risk. The authors reply. Epidemiology 11: 481
17. Hsieh C-C, Lan S-J (1996) Assessment of postpartum time-dependent disease risk in case-control studies: an application for examining age-specific effect estimates. Stat Med 15: 1545-1556
18. Hsieh C, Pavia M, Lambe M, Lan S-J, Colditz GA, Ekbom A, Adami H-O, Trichopoulos D, Willett WC (1994) Dual effect of parity on breast cancer risk. Eur J Cancer 30A: 969-973
19. Lambe M, Hsieh C-C, Trichopoulos D, Ekbom A, Pavia M, Adami H-O (1994) Transient increase in the risk of breast cancer after giving birth. N Engl J Med 331: 5-9
20. Lee SH, Akuete K, Fulton J, Chelmow D, Chung MA, Cady B (2003) An increased risk of breast cancer after delayed first parity. Am J Surg 186: 409-412
21. Leon DA, Carpenter LM, Broeders MJM, Gunnarskog J, Murphy MFG (1995) Breast cancer in Swedish women before age 50: evidence of a dual effect of completed pregnancy. Cancer Causes Control 6: 283-291
22. Liu Q, Wuu J, Lambe M, Hsieh S-F, Ekbom A, Hsieh C-C (2002) Transient increase in breast cancer risk after giving birth: postpartum period with the highest risk (Sweden). Cancer Causes Control 13: 299-305
23. MacMahon B, Purde M, Cramer D, Hint E (1982) Association of breast cancer risk with age at first and subsequent births: a study in the population of Estonian republic. J Natl Cancer Inst 69: 1035-1038
24. National Cancer Institute (2003) Summary report: early reproductive events and breast cancer workshop (http://cancer.gov/cancerinfo/ere-workshop- report)
25. Negri E, La Vecchia C, Duffy SF, Bruzzi P, Parazzini F, Day NE (1990) Age at first and second births and breast cancer risk in biparous women. Int J Cancer 45: 428-430
26. Pathak DR (2002) Dual effect of first full term pregnancy on breast cancer risk: empirical evidence and postulated underlying biology. Cancer Causes Control 13: 295-298
27. Phillips K-A, Milne RL, Friedlander ML, Jenkins MA, McCredie MRE, Giles GG, Hopper JL (2004) Prognosis of premenopausal breast cancer and childbirth prior to diagnosis. J Clin Oncol 22: 699-705
28. Pike MC, Krailo MD, Henderson BE, Casagrande JT, Hoel DG (1983) Hormonal' risk factors, 'breast tissue age' and the age-incidence of breast cancer. Nature 303: 767-770
29. Preston DL, Lubin JH, Pierce DA, McConney ME (1996) EPICURE - Programs for Generalized Risk Modeling and Person-year Computation. Seattle, USA: Hirosoft International Corporation
30. Robertson C, Primic-Zakelj M, Boyle P, Hsieh C-C (1997) Effect of parity and age at delivery on breast cancer risk in Slovenian women aged 25-54 years. Int J Cancer 73: 1-9
31. Rosner B, Colditz GA (1996) Nurses' Health study: log-incidence mathematical model of breast cancer incidence. J Natl Cancer Inst 88: 359-364
32. Trichopoulos D, Hsieh C-C, MacMahon B, Lin T-M, Löwe CR, Mirra AP, Ravnihar B, Salber EJ, Valaoras VG, Yuasa S (1983) Age at any birth and breast cancer risk. Int J Cancer 31: 701-704
33. Walker RA, Lees E, Webb MB, Dearing SJ (1996) Breast carcinomas occurring in young women (<35 years) are different. Br J Cancer 74: 1796-1800
34. Wohlfahrt J, Melbye M (2001) Age at any birth is associated with breast cancer risk. Epidemiology 12: 68-73