Tobacco smoking and subgingival dental calculus

Journal of Clinical Periodontology

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 81-88

  Bergström, Jan ^a  

^a KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Calcification; Dental calculus; Periodontal disease; Smoking; Tobacco

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CEMENTUM; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; ENAMEL; FEMALE; GROUPS BY AGE; HUMAN; LIFESTYLE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PERIODONTAL DISEASE; PREVALENCE; SMOKING; SUBGINGIVAL DENTAL CALCULUS; TOOTH RADIOGRAPHY;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; DENTAL CALCULUS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SMOKING;

EID: 13244251154     PISSN: 03036979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00638.x     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Ainamo, J. (1971) The seeming effect of tobacco consumption on the occurrence of periodontal disease and dental caries. Suomen Hammaslää kinen Toimistu 67, 87-94.
2. Alexander, A. G. (1970) The relationship between tobacco, plaque accumulation and gingivitis. Dental Health 9, 6-9.
3. Alexander, M. & Damoulis, P. (1994) The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Current Opinion in Periodontology 39-53.
4. Anderson, H. C. (1983) Calcific diseases. A concept. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 107, 341-348.
5. Anerud, A., Löe, H. & Boysen, H. (1991) The natural history and clinical course of calculus formation in man. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 18, 160-170.
6. Bergström, J. (1989) Cigarette smoking as risk factor in chronic periodontal disease. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 17, 245-247.
7. Bergström, J. (1990) Oral hygiene compliance and gingivitis expression in cigarette smokers. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research 98, 497-503.
8. Bergström, J. (1999) Tobacco smoking and supragingival dental calculus. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 26, 541-547.
9. Bergström, J. (2004) Influence of tobacco smoking on periodontal bone height. Long-term observations and a hypothesis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 31, 260-266.
10. Bergström, J. & Boström, L. (2001) Tobacco smoking and periodontal hemorrhagic responsiveness. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 28, 680-685.
11. Bergström, J. & Eliasson, S. (1986) Alveolar bone height in professional musicians. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 44, 141-147.
12. Bergström, J., Eliasson, S. & Dock, J. (2000a) Exposure to tobacco smoking and periodontal health. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 27, 61-68.
13. Bergström, J., Eliasson, S. & Dock, J. (2000b) A 10-year prospective study of tobacco smoking and periodontal health. Journal of Periodontology 71, 1338-1347.
14. Bergström, J. & Flodérus-Myrhed, B. (1983) Co-twin control study of the relationship between smoking and some periodontal disease factors. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 11, 113-116.
15. Bergström, J., Persson, L. & Preber, H. (1988) Influence of cigarette smoking on vascular reaction during experimental gingivitis. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research 96, 34-39.
16. Bergström, J. & Preber, H. (1986) The influence of cigarette smoking on the development of experimental gingivitis. Journal of Periodontal Research 21, 668-676.
17. Bergström, J. & Preber, H. (1994) Tobacco use as a risk factor. Journal of Periodontology 65, 545-550.
18. Birkedal-Hansen, H. (1993) Role of cytokines and inflammatory mediators in tissue destruction. Journal of Periodontal Research 28, 500-510.
19. Boström, L., Bergström, J., Dahlén, G. & Linder, L. E. (2001) Smoking and subgingival microflora in periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 28, 212-219.
20. Boström, L., Linder, L. E. & Bergström, J. (1998) Clinical expression of TNF-α in smoking-associated periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 25, 767-773.
21. Boström, L., Linder, L. E. & Bergström, J. (1999) Smoking and crevicular fluid levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 26, 352-357.
22. Christersson, L., Grossi, S., Dunford, R., Machtei, E. & Genco, R. (1992) Dental plaque and calculus. Risk indicators for their formation. Journal of Dental Research 71, 1425-1430.
23. Corbett, T. L. & Dawes, C. (1998) A comparison of the site-specificity of supragingival and subgingival calculus deposition. Journal of Periodontology 69, 1-8.
24. Danielsen, R., Sigvaldson, H., Thorgeirsson, G. & Sigfusson, N. (1996) Predominance of aortic calcification as an atherosclerotic manifestation in women: the Reykjavik study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 49, 383-387.
25. Demer, L. (2002) Vascular calcification and osteoporosis: inflammatory responses to oxidized lipids. International Journal of Epidemiology 31, 737-741.
26. Doherty, T., Asotra, K., Fitzpatric, L., Qiao, J.-H., Wilkin, D., Detrano, R., Dunstan, C., Shah, P. & Rajavashisth, T. (2003) Calcification in atherosclerosis: bone biology and chronic inflammation at the arterial crossroads. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 100, 1120-1126.
27. Eliasson, S. & Bergström, J. (1997) Minimum periodontal bone loss in dentally aware adults. A 10-year prospective study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 24, 34-38.
28. Grossi, S. G., Genco, R. G., Machtei, E. E., Ho, A. W., Koch, G., Dunford, R. G., Zambon, J. J. & Hausmann, E. (1995) Assessment of risk for periodontal disease. II. Risk indicators for alveolar bone loss. Journal of Periodontology 66, 23-29.
29. Grossi, S. G., Zambon, J. J., Ho, A. W., Koch, G., Dunford, R. G., Machtei, E. E., Norderyd, O. M. & Genco, R. G. (1994) Assessment of risk for periodontal disease. I. Risk indicators for attachment loss. Journal of Periodontology 65, 260-267.
30. Haber, J. & Kent, R. L. (1992) Cigarette smoking in a periodontal practice. Journal of Periodontology 63, 100-106.
31. Haber, J., Wattles, J., Crowley, M., Mandell, R., Joshipura, K. & Kent, R. (1993) Evidence for cigarette smoking as a major risk factor for periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology 64, 16-23.
32. Imoto, M. & DiMagno, E. (2000) Cigarette smoking increases the risk of pancreatic calcification in late-onset but not early-onset idiopathic chronic pancreatitis. Pancreas 21, 115-119.
33. Iribarren, C., Sidney, S., Sternfeld, B. & Browner, W. (2000) Calcification of the aortic arch. Risk factors and association with coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Journal of the American Medical Association 283, 2810-2815.
34. Klesges, L., Murray, D., Brown, J., Cliver, S. & Goldenberg, R. (1998) Relations of cigarette smoking and dietary antioxidants with placental calcification. American Journal of Epidemiology 147, 127-135.
35. LeGeros, R. (2001) Formation and transformation of calcium phosphates: relevance to vascular calcification. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie 90 Suppl 3, 116-124.
36. Linden, G. & Mullally, B. (1994) Cigarette smoking and periodontal destruction in young adults. Journal of Periodontology 65, 718-723.
37. Löe, H. & Silness, J. (1963) Periodontal disease in pregnancy. I Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 21, 533-551.
38. Maher, J., Raz, J., Bielak, L., Sheedy, P., Schwartz, R. & Peyser, P. (1996) Potential of quantity of coronary artery calcification to identify new risk factors for asymptomatic atherosclerosis. American Journal of Epidemiology 144, 943-953.
39. Manger, K., Kusus, M., Forster, C., Ropers, D., Daniel, W., Kalden, J., Achbach, S. & Manger, B. (2003) Factors associated with coronary artery calcification in young female patients with SLE. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 62, 846-855.
40. Martinez-Canut, P., Benlloch, D. & Izcuierdo, R. (1999) Factors related to the quantity of subgingival calculus in proximal root surfaces. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 26, 519-524.
41. Martinez-Canut, P., Lorca, A. & Magan, R. (1995) Smoking and periodontal disease severity. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 22, 743-749.
42. Nancollas, G. H. & Johnson, M. A. S. (1994) Calculus formation and inhibition. Advances in Dental Research 8, 307-311.
43. Newman, A., Naydeck, B., Sutton-Tyrrel, K., Feldman, A., Edmundowicz, D. & Kuller, L. (2001) Coronary artery calcification in older adults. Circulation 104, 2679-2689.
44. Persson, L., Bergström, J., Gustafsson, A. & Asman, B. (1999) Tobacco smoking and gingival neutrophil activity in young adults. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 26, 9-13.
45. Pindborg, J. J. (1949) Tobacco and gingivitis II. Correlation between consumption of tobacco, ulceromembranous gingivitis and calculus. Journal of Dental Research 28, 460-463.
46. Preber, H. & Bergström, J. (1985) Occurrence of gingival bleeding in smoker and non-smoker patients. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 43, 315-320.
47. Preber, H., Bergström, J. & Linder, L. E. (1992) Occurrence of periopathogens in smoker and non-smoker patients. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 19, 667-671.
48. Preber, H., Linder, L. E. & Bergström, J. (1995) Periodontal healing and periopathogenic microflora in smokers and non-smokers. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 22, 946-952.
49. Proudfoot, D. & Shanahan, C. (2001) Biology of calcification in vascular cells: intima versus media. Hertz 26, 245-251.
50. Renvert, S., Dahlén, G. & Wikstrom, M. (1998) The clinical and microbiological effects of non-surgical therapy in smokers and non-smokers. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 25, 153-157.
51. Rezavandi, K., Palmer, R., Odell, E., Scott, D. & Wilson, R. (2002) Expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin in gingival tissues of smokers and non-smokers with periodontitis. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine 3, 59-64.
52. Sheiham, A. (1971) Periodontal disease and oral cleanliness in tobacco smokers. Journal of Periodontology 42, 259-263.
53. Silness, J. & Löe, H. (1964) Periodontal disease in pregnancy. II Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 22, 121-135.
54. Stoltenberg, J. L., Osborn, J. B., Pihlstrom, B. L., Herzberg, M. C., Aeppli, D. M., Wolff, L. F. & Fisher, G. E. (1993) Association between cigarette smoking, bacterial pathogens and periodontal status. Journal of Periodontology 64, 1225-1230.
55. Tintut, Y., Patel, J., Territo, M., Saini, T., Parhami, F. & Demer, L. (2002) Monocyte/macrophage regulation of vascular calcification in vitro. Circulation 105, 650-655.
56. Wallin, R., Wajih, N., Greenwood, G. & Sane, D. (2001) Arterial calcification: a review of mechanisms, animal models, and the prospects for therapy. Medical Research Reviews 21, 274-301.
57. Wexler, L., Brundage, B., Crouse, J., Detrano, R., Foster, V., Maddahi, J., Rumberger, J., Stanford, W., White, R. & Taubert, K. (1996) Coronary artery calcification: pathophysiology, epidemiology, imaging methods, and clinical implications. A statement for health professionals. Circulation 94, 1175-1192.
58. White, D. J. (1997) Dental calculus: recent insights into occurrence, formation, prevention, removal and oral health effects of supragingival and subgingival calculus deposits. European Journal of Oral Sciences 105, 508-522.