Lymph node staging surgery and breast cancer: Potholes in the fast lane from more to less

Journal of Surgical Oncology

Volumn 89, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 53-60

  Moffat Jr , Frederick L ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI MILLER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADJUVANT THERAPY; BREAST CANCER; CANCER INVASION; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURGERY; CANCER SURVIVAL; EDITORIAL; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LYMPH NODE DISSECTION; MEDICAL PRACTICE; MEDICAL SPECIALIST; METASTASIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY; SURGEON;

AXILLA; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CLINICAL TRIALS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LYMPH NODE EXCISION; LYMPH NODES; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MASTECTOMY; MASTECTOMY, SEGMENTAL; NEOPLASM RECURRENCE, LOCAL; NEOPLASM STAGING; SEER PROGRAM; SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY; SURVIVAL RATE;

EID: 13244249542     PISSN: 00224790     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jso.20118     Document Type: Editorial

References (61)

1. The Connecticut Tumor Registry Report, April, 2002. pp. 9. http://www.dph.state.ri.us/OPPE/pdfs/ctrbook4-02issue.pdf
2. Cancer in Massachusetts Women 1989-98. Data Report. pp. 9. http://www.state.ma.us/dph/bhsre/mcr/cancerwomen89-98/cancerwomen89-98.pdf
3. Rhode Island Cancer Statistics Review. 3. Progress controlling cancer in RI, 1987-2000. pp. 4. http://www.health.state.ri.us/disease/cancer/ RICR_AnRpt_2002.pdf
4. Cancer in Vermont. A report of 1995-99 Cancer Incidence Data from the Vermont Cancer Registry, pp. 11. http://www.healthyvermonters.info/hs/pubs/2003/ 2003Cancer/nVT.pdf
5. Cancer Incidence in Mississippi. pp. 21. http://www.msdh.state. ms.us/cancer/report96/rpt961.pdf
6. Breast Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Survival in North Carolina. NCPH SCHS Study No. 108. September 1997, pp. 3. http://www.schs.state.nc.us/SCHS/pdf/ schs108.pdf
7. Cancer in South Carolina. 1999. Cancer Incidence. South Carolina Central Cancer Registry, South Carolina Dept. of Health and Environmental Control. November, 2002, pp. 12. http://www.scdhec.com/co/phsis/biostatistics/SCCCR/ pdfdocs/1999rpt.pdf
8. West Virginia Division of Surveillance and Disease Control. Cancer in West Virginia. Incidence and Mortality, 1993-2001. 3. The female breast, pp. 29 http://wvdhhr.org/bph/oehp/sdc/PDFs/Cancer/breast.pdf
9. SEER Monograph: Area Socioeconomic Variations in U.S. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Stage, Treatment and Survival 1975-99. Stage of Disease at Diagnosis. pp. 77, 86. http://seer.cancer.gov/publications/ses/stage.pdf
10. Moffat FL, Senofsky GM, Clark KC, et al.: Axillary node dissection for early breast cancer. Some is good but all is better. J Surg Oncol 1992;51:8-13.
11. Moffat FL, Ashikaga T, Krag DN. Sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer: Showtime or dress rehearsal? In Vivo 2000;14:255-264.
12. Moffat FL, Gulec SA, Sittler SY, et al.: Unfiltered sulphur colloid and sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer: Technical and kinetic considerations. Ann Surg Oncol 1999;6:746-755.
13. Uren RF, Howman-Giles RB, Thompson JF, et al.: Mammary lymphoscintigraphy in breast cancer. J Nucl Med 1995;36:1775-1780.
14. Roumen RMH, Valkenberg JGM, Geuskens LM. Lymphoscintigraphy and feasibility of sentinel node biopsy in 83 patients with primary breast cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 1997;23:495-502.
15. O'Hea BJ, Hill ADK, El-Shirbiny A, et al.: Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: Initial experience at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. J Am Coll Surg 1998;186:423-427.
16. Krag DN, Weaver DL, Ashikaga T, et al.: The sentinel node in breast cancer. A multicenter validation study. New Engl J Med 1998;339:941-946.
17. Borgstein PJ, Pijpers R, Comans FF, et al.: Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: Guidelines and pitfalls of lymphoscintigraphy and gamma probe detection. J Am Coll Surg 1998;186:275-283.
18. van der Ent FW, Kengen RA, van der Pol HA, et al.: Halsted revisited: Internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer. Ann Surg 2001;234:79-84.
19. Harlow SP, Weaver D, Ashikaga T. Extra-axillary sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer. The Breast 1999;6:159-165.
20. Bobin JY, Zinzindohoue C, Isaac S, et al.: Tagging sentinel lymph nodes: A study of 100 patients with breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 1999;35:569-573.
21. Johnson N, Soot L, Nelson J, et al.: Sentinel node biopsy and internal mammary mapping in breast cancer. J Am Surg 2000;179:386-388.
22. Noguchi M, Tsugawa K, Miwa K. Internal mammary chain sentinel lymph node identification in breast cancer. J Surg Oncol 2000;73:75-80.
23. Byrd DR, Dunnwald LK, Mankoff DA, et al.: Internal mammary lymph node drainage patterns in patients with breast cancer documented by breast lymphoscintigraphy. Ann Surg Oncol 2001;8:234-240.
24. Dupont E, Cox CE, Nguyen K, et al.: Utility of internal mammary lymph node removal when noted by intraoperative gamma probe detection. Ann Surg Oncol 2001;8:833-836.
25. Paganelli G, Galimberti V, Trifirò G, et al.: Internal mammary node lymphoscintigraphy and biopsy in breast cancer. Q J Nucl Med 2002;46:138-144.
26. Estourgie SH, Tanis PJ, Nieweg OE, et al.: Should the hunt for internal mammary chain sentinel nodes begin? An evaluation of 150 breast cancer patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2003;10:935-941.
27. Wong SL, Edwards MJ, Chao C, et al.: Sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer: Impact of the number of sentinel nodes removed on the false-negative rate. J Am Coll Surg 2001;192:684-691.
28. Wong SL, Edwards MJ, Chao C, et al.: Predicting the status of the nonsentinel axillary nodes. A multicenter study. Arch Surg 2001;136:563-568.
29. Dupont EL, Kamath VJ, Ramnath EM, et al.: The role of lymphoscintigraphy in the management of the patient with breast cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2001;8:354-360.
30. Tafra L, Lannin DR, Swanson MS, et al.: Multicenter trial of sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer using both technetium sulfur colloid and isosulfan blue dye. Ann Surg 2001;233:51-59.
31. Fisher B, Jeong J-H, Anderson S, et al.: Twenty-five year followup of a randomized trial comparing radical mastectomy, total mastectomy, and total mastectomy followed by irradiation. New Engl J Med 2002;347:567-575.
32. Harris JR, Osteen RT. Patients with early breast cancer benefit from effective axillary treatment. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1985;5:17-21.
33. Orr RK. The impact of prophylactic axillary node dissection on breast cancer survival - A Bayesian meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 1999;6:109-116.
34. Fisher B, Redmond C, Fisher ER, et al.: Ten-year results of a randomized clinical trial comparing radical mastectomy and total mastectomy with or without radiation. New Engl J Med 1985;312:674-681.
35. Atkins H, Hay ward JL, Klugman DJ , et al.: Treatment of early breast cancer: A report after ten years of a clinical trial. Br Med J 1972;2:423-429.
36. Hayward JL. The Guy's Hospital trials on breast conservation. In: Harris JR, Hellman S, Silen W, editors. Conservative management of breast cancer: New surgical and radiotherapeutic techniques. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott, 1983. pp 77-80.
37. Johansen H, Kaae S, Schiodt T. Simple mastectomy with postoperative irradiation versus extended radical mastectomy in breast cancer: A twenty-five year follow-up of a randomized trial. Acta Oncol 1990;29:709-715.
38. Langlands AO, Prescott RJ, Hamilton T. A clinical trial in the management of operable cancer of the breast. Br J Surg 1980;67:170-174.
39. Cabanes PA, Salmon RJ, Vilcoq JR, et al.: Value of axillary dissection in addition to lumpectomy and radiotherapy in early breast cancer. Lancet 1992;339:1245-1248.
40. White RE, Vezeridis MP, Konstadoulakis M, et al.: Therapeutic options and results for the management of minimally invasive carcinoma of the breast: Influence of axillary dissection for treatment of T1a and T1b lesions. J Am Coll Surg 1996;183:575-582.
41. Bland KI, Scott-Conner CEH, Menck H, et al.: Axillary dissection in breast-conserving surgery for Stage I and II breast cancer: A National Cancer Data Base study of patterns of omission and implicatiojns for survival. J Am Coll Surg 1999;188:586-596.
42. Graversen HP, Blichert-Toft M, Anderson JA, et al.: Breast cancer: Risk of axillary recurrence in node-negative patients following partial dissection of the axilla. Eur J Surg Oncol 1988;14:407-412.
43. Krag DN, Single RM. Breast cancer survival according to number of nodes removed. Ann Surg Oncol 2003;10:1152-1159.
44. Weir L, Speers C, D'Yachkova Y, et al.: Prognostic significance of the number of axillary lymph nodes removed in patients with node-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2002;20:1793-1799.
45. Poledniak AP. Survival of lymph node-negative breast cancer patients in relation to number of lymph nodes examined. Ann Surg 2003;237:163-167.
46. Veronesi U, Paganelli G, Viale G, et al.: A randomized comparison of sentinel-node biopsy with routine axillary dissection in breast cancer. New Engl J Med 2003;349:546-553.
47. Renolleau C, Merviel P, Clough KB, et al.: Isolated axillary recurrences after conservative treatment of breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 1996;32A:617-621.
48. Kamby C, Sengeløv L. Pattern of dissemination and survival following isolated locoregional recurrence of breast cancer. A prospective study with more than 10 years of follow-up. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1997;45:181-192.
49. McKinna F, Gothard L, Ashley S, et al.: Lymphatic relapse in women with early breast cancer: A difficult management problem. Eur J Cancer 1999;35:1065-1069.
50. Jeruss JS, Winchester DJ, Sener SF, et al.: Axillary recurrence following sentinel node biopsy. Ann Surg Oncol 2004;11(suppl 2):S58.
51. Janssen CM, Smidt ML, Bruggink EDM, et al.: Axillary recurrences after negative sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer: Incidence and clinical significance. Ann Surg Oncol 2004;11(suppl 2):S76.
52. Naik AM, Fey J, Borgen PI, et al.: Axillary recurrence in sentinel node positive breast cancer patients who decline axillary dissection is infrequent. Ann Surg Oncol 2004;11(suppl 2):S100.
53. Cox CE, Siddharth SB, Boulware D, et al.: Implementation of new surgical technology: Outcome measures for lymphatic mapping of breast carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 1999;6:553-561.
54. Harlow SP, Krag DN, Julian TB, et al.: Surgical training for the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B-32 trial: A randomized Phase III clinical trial to compare sentinel node resection to conventional axillary dissection in clinically node-negative breast cancer. Ann Surg 2004 (accepted for publication).
55. Lucci AL, Kelemen PR, Miller C, et al.: National practice patterns of sentinel lymph node dissection for breast carcinoma. J Am Coll Surg 2001;192:453-458.
56. Porter GA, McMulkin H, Lovrics PJ. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: Canadian practice patterns. Ann Surg Oncol 2003;10:255-260.
57. Zervos EE, Saha S, Hoshaw-Woodard S, et al.: Localizing the sentinel node outside of the specialty center: Success of a lymphatic mapping course in disseminating new technology. Ann Surg Oncol 2001;8:7-12.
58. Maggard MA, Lane KE, O'Connell JB, et al.: Beyond the clinical trials: How prevalent are sentinel lymph node biopsies performed for breast cancer? Ann Surg Oncol 2004;11(suppl 2):S57.
59. The clinical outcomes of Surgical Therapy Study Group. A comparison of laparoscopically assisted and open colectomy for colon cancer. New Engl J Med 2004;350:2050-2059.
60. van't Veer LJ, Dai H, van de Vijver MJ, et al.: Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer. Nature 2002;415:530-536.
61. van de Vijver MJ, He YD, van't Veer LJ, et al.: A gene-expression signature as a predictor of survival in breast cancer. New Engl J Med 2002;347:1999-2009.