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History of European Ideas

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 1984, Pages 1-15

Stoic and Neoplatonic sources of Spinoza's ethics

(1) Kristeller, Paul Oskar a

a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 12944260053 PISSN: 01916599 EISSN: None Source Type: Journal
DOI: 10.1016/0191-6599(84)90002-0 Document Type: Article

Times cited : (27)

References (125)

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2
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3
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4
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5
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6
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7
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8
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- Spinoza und die Scholastik
- ‘wer aber moechte die Bedeutung eines Philosophen von der Beschraenktheit seiner philosophischen Bildung abhaengig machen?’, Leipzig
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9
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10
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11
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12
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13
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14
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15
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- Ueber die Entstehung der termini natura naturans und natura naturata
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- (1890) Archiv fuer Geschichte der Philosophie , vol.3 , pp. 370-378
- Siebeck¹

16
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- Spinoza und der Platonismus
- (1921) Chronicon Spinozanum , vol.1 , pp. 178-234
- Gebhardt¹

17
- 84919081412
- Ethica IV, prop. 45, schol. (Opera II, pp. 244–245).

18
- 84919081410
- Ethica III, Affectuum definitiones, 27 Explicatio (p. 197): quod omnes omnino actus, qui ex consuetudine pravi vocantur, sequatur tristitia.

19
- 84919081409
- Epistola 27: magnam ethices partem, quae, ut cuivis notum, Metaphysica, et Physica fundari debet (Opera IV, pp.160–161).

20
- 84919081407
- De intellectus emendatione et de via, qua optime in veram rerum cognitionem dirigitur. (Opera, pp. 5 ff.).

21
- 84919081405
- Opera II, p. 84: sed ea solummodo, quae nos ad mentis humanae, eiusque summae beatitudinis cognitionem, quasi manu, ducere possunt.

22
- 84919081403
- fr. 46. Chrysippus places physics after ethics (II, pp. 16–17, fr. 42), but also for him ethics remains the main part of philosophy.

23
- 84919081398
- Cf., Stuttgart
- (1964) Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta , vol.1 , pp. 16
- von Arnim¹

24
- 84919081397
- Ethica ordine geometrico demonstrata. He had used the same method in an earlier work.

25
- 84872893520
- See, C. Gebhardt, Heidelberg
- (1925) Opera , vol.1 , pp. 123-230
- Spinoza¹

26
- 84919081396
- Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics I 1, 1094 b 11–13 and 19–27.

27
- 84919071585
- Intorno alle dottrine psicologiche di Pietro Pomponazzi.…
- Nobilitas scientiae a quo sumatur. Quaestio est a quo sumatur magis nobilitas scientiae, an a nobilitate subiecti, an a certitudine demonstrationis, vel aequaliter ab ambobus, Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Ser. II
- (1876) Memorie della Classe di Scienze Morali, Storiche e Filologiche , vol.3 , pp. 333-548
- Ferri¹

28
- 84919071585
- Intorno alle dottrine psicologiche di Pietro Pomponazzi.…
- Nobilitas scientiae a quo sumatur. Quaestio est a quo sumatur magis nobilitas scientiae, an a nobilitate subiecti, an a certitudine demonstrationis, vel aequaliter ab ambobus, Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Ser. II
- (1876) Memorie della Classe di Scienze Morali, Storiche e Filologiche , vol.3 , pp. 423-425
- Ferri¹

29
- 84919081395
- Cf., Naz
- (1896) Opere , vol.6 , pp. 237
- Galilei¹

30
- 84919081394
- Cf., Naz, 2nd edn
- (1897) Opere , vol.7 , pp. 246
- Galilei¹

31
- 84919081393
- Spinoza's first published work is entitled Renati Des Cartes Principiorum Philosophiae pars I et II, More Geometrico demonstratae (1663)

32
- 84872893520
- See, 2nd edn, C. Gebhardt, Heidelberg
- (1925) Opera , vol.1 , pp. 123-230
- Spinoza¹

33
- 84919081392
- It is likely that Spinoza read this work rather than the Elements of Proclus.

34
- 0039188188
- 2nd edn, E.R. Dodds, Oxford
- (1963) The Elements of Theology
- Proclus¹

35
- 84919074000
- H. Boese, giving the Greek text and the medieval Latin translation
- (1958) Elementatio Physica
- Lycii¹

36
- 0347233563
- Leipzig
- (1873) primum Euclidis elementorum librum commentarii
- Friedlein¹

37
- 84919095239
- Procli Elementatio Theologica translata a Guilelmo de Moerbeke
- Proclus' Elements of Theology were twice translated into Latin, first by William of Moerbeke O.P. (s. XIII) and again by Francesco Patrizi. The former translation survived in a number of manuscripts but was printed only in our time
- (1951) Tijdschrift voor Philosophie , vol.13 , pp. 263-302
- Vansteenkiste¹

38
- 84919095239
- Procli Elementatio Theologica translata a Guilelmo de Moerbeke
- Proclus' Elements of Theology were twice translated into Latin, first by William of Moerbeke O.P. (s. XIII) and again by Francesco Patrizi. The former translation survived in a number of manuscripts but was printed only in our time
- (1951) Tijdschrift voor Philosophie , vol.13 , pp. 491-531
- Vansteenkiste¹

39
- 0347514412
- Patrizi's translation was printed in Ferrara in 1583. An Arabic compendium of the work of Proclus was translated into Latin around 1200 under the title Liber de causis, circulated widely in manuscripts but was printed only in 1882, Freiburg im Breisgau
- (1882) Die pseudo-aristotelische Schrift Ueber das reine Gute, bekannt unter dem Namen Liber de causis
- Bardenhewer¹

40
- 84919082748
- This work was commented upon by Thomas Aquinas and printed repeatedly in his collected, Rome, 1570
- Opera

41
- 84919058918
- This work was commented upon by Thomas Aquinas and printed repeatedly in his collected, Venice, 1593
- Opera

42
- 84919057040
- This work was commented upon by Thomas Aquinas and printed repeatedly in his collected, Antwerp
- (1612) Opera

43
- 84919059002
- This work was commented upon by Thomas Aquinas and printed repeatedly in his collected, Paris
- (1660) Opera

44
- 84919081391
- Part III, Praefatio (p. 138): de Affectuum itaque natura, et viribus, ac Mentis in eosdem potentia eadem Methodo agam, qua in praecedentibus de Deo, et Mente egi, et humanas actiones, atque appetitus considerabo perinde, ac si Quaestio de lineis, planis, aut de corporibus esset.

45
- 84919081390
- De la causa, principio e uno, Dialogo secondo
- Bruno, G. Aquilecchia, Florence
- (1958) Dialoghi italiani , pp. 227ff
- Bruno¹

46
- 84919081389
- Spinoza's neuentdeckter Tractat von Gott
- Gotha
- (1866) dem Menschen und dessen Glueckseligkeit , pp. 107-134
- Sigwart¹

47
- 77249116661
- The Dialectic of Bruno and Spinoza
- University of California Publications, Berkeley
- (1904) Philosophy , vol.1 , pp. 141-174
- Lovejoy¹

48
- 84884067627
- New York
- (1928) The Philosophy of Spinoza , pp. 22
- Mckeon¹

49
- 84919081379
- He had in his library an Italian-Spanish vocabulary (in octavo, no. 9) and perhaps an Italian edition of Machiavelli (in quarto, no. 14).

50
- 78649931826
- See, Hague and Paris
- (1888) Inventaire des Livres formant la Bibliothèque de Benedict Spinoza , pp. 175
- van Rooijen¹

51
- 78649931826
- Hague and Paris
- (1888) Inventaire des Livres formant la Bibliothèque de Benedict Spinoza , pp. 144-145
- van Rooijen¹

52
- 77953582005
- Die Lebengesschichte Spinozas in Quellenschriften
- Cf, Leipzig
- (1899) Urkunden und nicht amtlichen Nachrichten , pp. 160-164
- Freudenthal¹

53
- 84919081377
- Korte Verhandeling van God, de Mensch, en deszelfs Welstand (Opera I, pp. 1–121)

54
- 84919081376
- Bruno, Dialoghi italiani, pp. 19ff; 191ff.; 367ff, Cf.Sigwart, pp. 130–131.

55
- 84919081374
- In duodecimo, no.8 (van Rooijen, p. 188) and in octavo, no. 8 (pp. 174–175).

56
- 0347282014
- Paris
- (1914) La Renaissance du Stoîcisme au XVI e siècle
- Zanta¹

57
- 0009433368
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- Saunders¹

58
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- Berlin and New York
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- Abel¹

59
- 84919081372
- Ethica III, prop. 6: unaquaeque res, quantum in se est, in suo esse perseverare conatur. Opera II, p. 146.

60
- 84919081370
- Arnim III, p. 43, fr. 178, cf. p. 44, fr. 183.

61
- 84919081368
- Aristotle, Rhetorica II, chaps. 1–11.

62
- 0005555371
- New York
- (1979) Rénaissance Thought and Its Sources , pp. 240
- Kristeller¹

63
- 0005555371
- New York
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- Kristeller¹

64
- 84919081366
- Arnim III, pp. 92–133.

65
- 84919081364
- Ethica III, def. 3 (p. 139) and passim.

66
- 84919049628
- As far as I can see, Spinoza shows but a slight, if any, indebtedness to Descartes
- (1649) Traité des Passions

67
- 84919081359
- Ethica III, def. 3 (p. 139) and passim.

68
- 84919081358
- Ethica IV, prop. 7 and 14 (pp. 214 and 219).

69
- 84919081357
- Ethica III, prop. 11 schol. (p. 149).

70
- 84919081356
- Arnim III, p. 94, fr. 386–388.

71
- 84919081354
- Ethica III, Affectuum definitiones 13 (p. 194).

72
- 84919081352
- Ethica III, prop. 59 (p. 188).

73
- 84919081350
- Arnim III, pp. 105–107.

74
- 84919081348
- Cicero, Tusc. disp. IV, 12, cf. Arnim III, pp. 106–107, fr. 438.

75
- 84919081347
- Ethica I, prop. 29 (p. 70) and prop. 33, scol. 1 (p. 74: res aliqua nulla alia de causa contingens dicitur, nisi respectu defectus nostrae cognitionis). Cf. Arnim II, p. 281, fr. 965–971.

76
- 84919081345
- Ethica II, prop. 49, schol. (p. 136: res fortunae, sive quae in nostra potestate non sunt), cf. Epictetus, Enchiridion, chap. 1.

77
- 84919081340
- Ethica IV, prop. 50 (p. 247), cf. Arnim III, p. 163, fr. 641 and passim.

78
- 84919081339
- praemium essentiale virtutis est ipsamet virtus

79
- 84919081338
- Ethica IV, prop. 18, schol. (p. 222, line 29: virtutem propter se esse appetendam), cf. Arnim III, pp. 11–13.

80
- 69949135185
- chap. 14, G. Morra, Bologna
- (1954) De immortalitate animae , pp. 202
- Pomponazzi¹

81
- 84919081337
- Ethica IV, prop. 24 (p. 226).

82
- 84919081335
- Ethica IV, prop. 18, schol. (p. 222, line 29: virtutem propter se esse appetendam), cf. Arnim III, pp. 11–13.

83
- 84919081333
- Ethica II, prop 11, coroll. (p. 94): mentem humanam partem esse infiniti intellectus Dei. Cf. Arnim I, p. 111, fr. 495 (lines 8–9); II, p. 191. fr. 217, fr. 774 (line 17) and 776 (line 24).

84
- 84919081331
- Ethica V prop. 42, schol. (p. 308): sapiens … sui, et Dei, et rerum aeterna quadam necessitate conscius, nunquam esse desinit; sed semper vera an

85
- 84919081329
- Lex est omnium divinarum et humanarum rerum regina. Oportet autem eam esse praesidem (etiam praesidere) et bonis et malis et principem et ducem esse, et secundum hoc regulam esse iustorum et iniustorum et eorum quae natura civilia sunt animantium, praeceptricem quidem faciendorum, prohibitricem autem non faciendorum (Dig. 1,3,2). The Greek text is preserved in the Florentine manuscript of the Pandects and cited without the indication of this source by Arnim III, p. 77, fr. 314. The Latin translation, probably by Burgundio Pisanus (s.XII) was apparently substituted in all medieval manuscripts and early modern editions. I am indebted for much pertinent information to Domenico Maffei and to the late Peter Classen. The first sentence is an adaptation of two lines of Pindar (fr.169) quoted by Plato (Gorgias 484 b 4–5), as I was informed by Michael Landmann. I do not claim that Spinoza's concept of ins naturale or ius naturae, Tractatus Politicus 2,1; 2,4; Epistola [[Truncated]]

86
- 84919081327
- Ethica IV, prop. 37, schol, 2 (pp. 237–239).

87
- 84919081325
- Ethica IV, prop. 35, schol, (p. 234, lines 7–8). Cf. Seneca, De heneficiis VII, 1,7 (sociale animal); Aristotle, Politica I 2, 1253 a 2–3.

88
- 84919081321
- A critical edition which makes use of five manuscripts now known (and unknown to Caramella) is being prepared by Professor William Melczer.

89
- 84919081320
- In quarto, no. 22 (van Rooijen, p. 152).

90
- 30044444407
- S. Caramella, Bari
- (1929) Dialoghi d'amore
- Ebreo¹

91
- 84919081319
- Ethica IV, prop. 37, schol,1 (p. 237, line 2: non cum brutis). Cf. Arnim III, pp. 89–91.

92
- 84919081318
- Ethica IV, prop. 71 (p. 263).Cf. Arnim III, p. 161, fr. 630–631.

93
- 84919081316
- Ethica I, prop. 29, schol. (p. 71)

94
- 79953556034
- Ueber die Entstehung der termini natura naturans und natura naturata
- For the Neoplatonic sources of Spinoza, see also
- (1890) Archiv fuer Geschichte der Philosophie , vol.3 , pp. 370-378
- Siebeck¹

95
- 84919081315
- In quarto, no. 22 (van Rooijen, p. 152).

96
- 84919081313
- Epistola 56 (IV, p. 261): non multum apud me Authoritas Platonis, Aristotelis, ac Socratis valet.

97
- 84919081311
- Ethica I, def.1 (II, p. 45). Cf. Siebeck, pp. 371–372.

98
- 84919081309
- Ethica I, prop. 29, schol. (p. 71)

99
- 84919081307
- S. Th. I–II, qu. 95, a. 6, Cf. Wolfson I, p. 16 and pp. 253–255.

100
- 84919081302
- Ethica II, prop. 40, schol.2 (p. 122) and passim. De intellectus emendatione (pp. 10ff.).

101
- 84919081301
- Plotinus, Enn. VI, 8

102
- 84919058875
- cf., Tübingen
- (1929) Der Begriff der Seele m der Ethik des Plotin , pp. 78-89
- Kristeller¹

103
- 55449137601
- Introduction à l'étude de Saint Augustin
- On Augustine's doctrine of freedom, see, Paris
- (1949) Introduction à l'étude de Saint Augustin , pp. 185-216
- Gilson¹

104
- 84919081300
- Part IV (p. 205): de servitute Humana, seu de Affectuum Viribus. Part V (p. 277): de Potentia Intellectus, seu de Libertate Humana.

105
- 84919081299
- Ethica II, prop. 48 and 49 (pp. 129–130).

106
- 84919081297
- Ethica I, definitio 7 (p. 46).

107
- 84919081295
- In the Explicatio which follows Spinoza criticises those qui definiunt Amorem esse voluntatem amantis seiungendi rei amatae.Cf. L. Ebreo. Dialoghi d'amore, ed. Carama, p. 13: l'am ehe è affetto volontario di fruire con unione la cosa stimata buona.

108
- 84919081293
- Ethica III, Affectuum definitiones 6 (p. 192).

109
- 61449437329
- Cf, New York
- (1958) Renaissance Theory of Love , pp. 85
- Nelson¹

110
- 84919081291
- Ethica IV, prop. 67–72 (pp. 261–264): homo liber.Cf. the prefaces to part IV (p. 205) and V (p. 277).

111
- 84919081289
- Plotinus, Enn. VI, 8

112
- 84919081287
- Wolfson II, 277.

113
- 79958610304
- Spinoza und der Platonismus
- (1921) Chronicon Spinozanum , vol.1 , pp. 178-234
- Gebhardt¹

114
- 84919081282
- A critical edition which makes use of five manuscripts now known (and unknown to Caramella) is being prepared by Professor William Melczer.

115
- 30044444407
- S. Caramella, Bari
- (1929) Dialoghi d'amore
- Ebreo¹

116
- 10144233859
- New York
- (1943) The Philosophy of Marsilio Ficino , pp. 256-288
- Kristeller¹

117
- 84919066176
- Montreal
- (1968) Le Thomisme et la pensée italienne de la Renaissance , pp. 93-123

118
- 52849083499
- Durham, North Carolina
- (1974) Medieval Aspects of Renaissance Learning , pp. 73-90
- Mahoney¹

119
- 79953494041
- A Thomist critique of Marsilio Ficino's theory of will and intellec
- Jerusalem
- (1965) Harry Austryn Wolfson Jubilee Volume , vol.2 , pp. 463-494

120
- 77952458584
- M.J.B. Allen, Berkeley
- (1975) The Philebus Commentary
- Ficino¹

121
- 84919081281
- Ethica I, def. 8 (p. 46) and prop. 19 (p. 64); V, prop. 23 and schol. (pp. 295–296).

122
- 84919081280
- Ethica V, prop. 29–30 (pp. 298–299).

123
- 84919081279
- Enn. III, 7.

124
- 84919081277
- Ethica III, Affectuum definitiones 6 (p. 192).

125
- 84919081275
- Ethica V, prop. 15–20 (pp. 290–292) and 33–36 (pp. 300–302), and especially prop. 20, demonstratio (p. 292).

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