Field-aligned currents in geospace: substance and significance

Geophysical Monograph Series

Volumn 118, Issue , 2000, Pages 107-129

  Iijima, Takesi ^a  

^a KYUSHU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 12444347712     PISSN: 00658448     EISSN: 23288779     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1029/GM118p0107     Document Type: Chapter

References (69)

1. Araki, T., et al., Polar cap vertical currents associated with northward interplanetary magnetic field. Geophys. Res. Lett, 11, 23-26, 1984.
2. Armstrong, J. C., and A. J. Zmuda, Field aligned current at 1100 km in the auroral region measured by satellite, J. Geophys. Res., 75, 7122-7127,1970.
3. Armstrong, J.C., and A. J. Zmuda, Triaxial magnetic measurements of field-aligned currents at 800 kilometers in the auroral region; Initial results, J. Geophys. Res.. 78,6802-6807, 1973.
4. Burke W. J., et al. Polar cap electric field structures with a northward interplanetary magnetic field, Geophx. Res. Lett., 6, 21-24. 1979.
5. Bythrow, P. F., et al. Observational evidence for a boundary' layer source of dayside region I field-aligned currents, J. Geophys. Res., 86,5577-5589. 1981.
6. Bythrow, P. F., et al., Birkeland currents and charged particles in the high-latitude prenoon region: A new interpretation, J. Geophys. Res., 93,9791-9803, 1988.
7. Doyle, M. A., et al. Field-aligned currents and electric fields observed in the region of the day side cusp. J. Geophvs. Res., 86. 5656-5664. 1981.
8. Elphic R. C., et al. Observations of field-aligned currents at the plasma sheet boundary: A 1SEE-1 and 2 survey, Geophvs. Res. Led. 12,631-634, 1985.
9. Erlandson R. E., et al. IMF By depcndcnoc of region I Birkcland currents near noon, J. Geophvs. Res. 93.9804 9814. 1988.
10. Fairfield, D. H., Magnetic field signatures of substorms on high- latitude field lines in the nighttime magnetosphere. J. Geophvs. Res.. 78, 1553-1562, 1973.
11. Fujii, R. ct al. Seasonal dependence of large-scale Birkcland currents, Geophvs. Res. Lett., 8,1103-1106, 1981.
12. Fujii, R., and T. Iijima, Control of the ionospheric conductivities on large-scale Birkeland ament intensities under geomagnetic quiet conditions, J Geophys. Res., 92,4505-4513,1987.
13. Fujii, R., et al., F.lcctrodynamic parameters in the nighttime sector during auroral substorms, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 6093-6112, 1994.
14. Fukunishi, H., et al. Latitudinal structures of nightsidc Held-aligned currents and their relationships to the plasma sheet regions, J. Geophys. Res., 98,11, 235-11, 255,1993.
15. Gary, J. B., et al., Field-aligned Poynting flux observations in the high-latilude ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 11,417-11,427, 1994.
16. Haerendel, G., Field-aligned currents in the Earth's magnetosphere, in Physics of Magnetic Flux Rope, GeofJhvs. Monogr. Ser., vol. 58, pp. 539-553, AGU, Washington, DC. 1990.
17. Hard, M„ cl al., Quantitative simulation of a magneto spheric substorm. I. Model logic and overview, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 2217-2241, 1981.
18. Heelis R. A., et al. Ionospheric convection signatures observed by DE 2 during northward interplanetary magnetic field, J. Geophys. Res.. 97, 5817-5830, 1986.
19. Hcppncr, J. P., and N. C. Maynard, Empirical high-latitudc electric field models, J. Geophys. Res., 92.4467-4489, 1987.
20. Hoffman, R. A., et al., Electrodynamic patterns in the polar region during periods of extreme magnetic quiescence, J. Geophys. Res. 93, 14,515-14,541, 1988.
21. Iijima, T., and T. A. Potemra, The amplitude distribution of field- aligned currents at northern high latitudes observed by Triad, J. Geophys. Res., 81,2165-2174, 1976a.
22. Iijima, T., and T. A. Potemra, Field-aligned currents in the dayside cusp observed by Triad, J. Geophys. Res., 81,5971-5979. 1976b.
23. Iijima, T., and T. A. Potemra, Large-scale characteristics of field- aligned currents associated with substorms. J. Geophvs. Res., 83. 599-615,1978.
24. Iijima, T., et al. Field-aligned currents in the south polar cusp and their relationship to the interplanetary magnetic field. J Geophvs. Res., 83.5595-5603, 1978.
25. Iijima, T., ct al.. Transverse and parallel geomagnetic perturbations over the polar regions observed by MagsaL Geophvs. Res. Lett., 9,369-372.1982.
26. Iijima, T., and T. A. Potemra, The relationship between interplanetary' quantities and Birkeland cunent densities. Geophys. Res. Lett.. 9.442-445, 1982.
27. Iijima, T., Field-aligned currents during northward IMF, in Magnetospheric Currents, Geophxs. Monogr. Ser., vol. 28, pp. 115-122. AGU, Washington. DC 1984.
28. Iijima T., el al., Large-scale Birkeland currents in the dayside polar region during strongly northward IMF: A new Birkeland current system, J. Geophys. Res., 89,7441-7452. 1984.
29. Iijima, T., and T. Shibaji, Global characteristics of northward IMF- associated (MBZ) field-aligned currents, J. Geophxs. Res.. 92, 2408-2424, 1987.
30. Iijima, T., et al. Large-scale characteristics of magnetospheric equatorial cuirents, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 991-999, 1990.
31. Iijima T. et al. Contribution of pressure gradients to the generation of dawnside region 1 and region2 currents, J. Geophxs. Res., 102, 27,069-27.081, 1997.
32. Kamide Y., and G. Rostoker, The spatial relationship of field- aligned currents and auroral elcctrojets to the distribution of nightside auroras, J. Geophxs. Res., 82,5589-5608, 1977.
33. Kamide, Y., and S.-I. Akasofu, Global distribution of the Pedersen and Hall currents and the electric potential pattern during a moderately disturbed period, J. Geophxs. Res., 86, 3665-3668, 1981.
34. Kelly, T. J., et. al., ISEE1 and 2 observations of Birkeland currents in the Earth’s inner magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 6945-6958, 1986.
35. Lyons, L. R. et al. Ion precipitation from the magnetopause current sheet, J Geophys. Res., 92,6147-6151, 1987.
36. McDiarmid, I. B., et al., Comparison of magnetic field perturbations at high latitudes with charged particle and IMF measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 53,681-688, 1978a.
37. McDiarmid, I. B et al. Magnetic field perturbations in the dayside cleft and their relationship to the IMF. J. Geophys. Res., 83. 5753-5756, 1978b.
38. McDiarmid, I. B et al. Comparison of magnetic field perturbations and solar electron profiles in the polar cap, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 1163-1170,1980.
39. Nakagawa, M., Characteristic of field-aligned currents associated with northward IMF, Master’s Thesis, University of Tokyo, March 1995.
40. Ohtani, S., et al., Field-aligned current signatures in the near-tail region. I. ISEE observations in the plasma sheet boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 93,9709-9720, 1988.
41. Ohtani, S., et al., Simultaneous prenoon and postnoon observations of three field-aligned current systems from Viking and DMSP-F7,y. Geophys. Res., 100,119-136,1995a.
42. Ohtani S., et al., Four large-scale field-aligned currents systems in the dayside high-latitude region. J. Geophxs. Res., 100, 137-153, 1995b.
43. Peymirat, G, and D. Fontaine, Numerical simulation of magnetospheric convection including the effect of field-aligned currents and electron precipitation, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 11,155-11,176,1994.
44. Rich, F. J., and M. S. Gussenhoven. The absence of Region I.'Region 2 field-aligned currents during prolonged quiet times, Geophys. Res. Lett., 74,689-692, 1987.
45. Rich, F. J., et al. Northward IMF and patterns of high-latitude precipitation and field-aligned currents: The February 1986 storm. J. Geophys. Res.. 85,7893-7913. 1990.
46. Robinson, R. M.. et al., Chatanika radar and S3-2 measurements of auroral zone electrodynamics in the midnight sector. J Geophys. Res.. 90. 8487-8499. 1985.
47. Saflekos, N. A., and T. A. Potemra. The orientation of Birkeland current sheets in the day side polar region and its relationship to the IMF, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 1987-1994, 1980.
48. Sato, T. and T. Iijima Primary sources of large-scale Birkeland currents, Space Sci. Rev., 24, 347-366. 1979.
49. Senior G. et al. Relationship between field-aligned currents, diffuse auroral precipitation and the westward electrojet in the early morning sector. J Geophys. Res., 87. 10,469-10,477, 1982.
50. Siscoe, G., and N. Maynard, Distributed two-dimensional region 1 and region 2 currents: Model results and data comparisons, J Geophys. Res.. 96, 21.071-21.085.1991.
51. Smiddy, M., et al. Effects of high-latitude conductivity on observed convection electric fields and Birkeland currents. J. Geoptns. Res.. 85,6811-6818. 1980.
52. Sonnenip, B. U. O. Theory of the low-latitude boundary layer, J Geophys. Res.. 85.2017-2026. 1980.
53. Southwood, D. J.. The role of hot plasma in magnetospheric convection, J Geophys. Res. 82.5512-5520, 1977.
54. Southwood, D. J., and W. J. Hughes, Theory' of hydromagnetic waves in the magnetosphere. Space Sci. Rev., 35, 301-366, 1983.
55. Southwood, D. J. and M. G. Kivelson, An approximate description of field-aligned currents in a plane tan' magnetic field, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 67-75,1991.
56. Sugiura, M., Identifications of the polar cap boundary and the auroral belt in the high- altitude magnetosphere: A model for field-aligned currents, J Geophys. Res. 80.2057-2068. 1975.
57. Sugiura, M., and T. A. Potemra, Net field-aligned currents observed by Triad, J Geophys. Res.. 57, 2155-2164, 1976.
58. Taguchi, S., et al., Characterization of the IMF By-dependent field- aligned currents in the cleft region based on DE 2 observations, J Geophys. Res., 98.1393-1407. 1993.
59. Theile, B., and H. M. Praetorius, Field-aligned currents between 400 and 3000 km in auroral and polar latitudes. Planet. Space Sci., 21, 179-187, 1973.
60. Vasyliunas, V. M., Mathematical models of magnetospheric convection and its coupling to the ionosphere, in Particles and Fields in the Magnetosphere, pp. 60-71, D. Rcidel. Norwcll, MA, 1970.
61. Vasyliunas, V. M., The interrelationship of magnetospheric processes, in Earth’s Magnetospheric Processes, pp. 29-38, D. Reidel, Norwell, MA, 1972.
62. Watanabc, M. et al. Synthesis models of dayside field-aligned currents for strong interplanetary magnetic field By, J Geophys. Res.. 101, 13, 303-13, 319, 1996.
63. Watanabe, M., et al., Field-aligned current systems in the magnetosphenc ground state, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 6853-6869, 1998.
64. Wilhjelm, J., et al., The relationship between ionospheric and field- aligned currents in the dayside cusp, J Geophys. Res., 83, 5586-5594,1978.
65. Woch, J. et al. The low-latitude boundary layer at mid-altitudes: Relation to large-scale Birkeland currents, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2251-2254, 1993.
66. Yamauchi M., et al. The interplanetary magnetic field By effects on largc-scale field-aligned currents near local noon: Contribution from cusp pan and non-cusp part J. Geophvs. Res. 98. 5761-5767. 1993.
67. Zmuda, A. J, et al.. Characteristics of transverse magnetic disturbances observed al 1100 km in the auroral oval. J. Geophys. Res.. 75. 4757-762, 1970.
68. Zmuda A. J., and J. C. Armstrong. The diurnal variation of the region with vector magnetic field changes associated with field- aligned currents, J Geophvs. Res., 79, 2501-2502, 1974a.
69. Zmuda, A. J., and J C. Armstrong, The diurnal flow pattern of field-aligned currents. J Geophvs. Res.. 79.4611-4619, 1974b.