Reproductive ecology of blackbirds (Turdus merula maximus) in a high-altitude location, Tibet

Journal of Ornithology

Volumn 146, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 72-78

  Lu, Xin ^a  

^a WUHAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Alpine scrub vegetation; Breeding parameters; High altitude environment; Tibetan plateau

Indexed keywords

ALPINE ENVIRONMENT; NEST SITE; PASSERINE; REPRODUCTION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;

ASIA; CHINA; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; FAR EAST; LHASA; WORLD; XIZANG;

COTONEASTER; COTONEASTER MICROPHYLLUS; TURDUS; TURDUS MERULA;

EID: 12444327288     PISSN: 21937192     EISSN: 21937206     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10336-004-0058-1     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Badyaev AV (1997) Avian life history variation along altitudinal gradients: An example with cardueline finches. Oecologia 111:365-374
2. Bernardo J (1996) The particular maternal effect of propagule size, especially egg size: Patterns, models, quality of evidence and interpretations. Am Zool 36:216-236
3. Blackburn T (1991) An interspecific relationship between egg size and clutch size in birds. Auk 108:973-977
4. Chamberlain DE, Hatchwell BJ, Perrins CM (1999) Importance of feeding ecology to the reproductive success of blackbirds Turdus merula nesting in rural habitats. Ibis 141:415-427
5. Cody ML (1966) A general theory of clutch size. Evolution 20:174-184
6. Cramp S (1988) Birds of the Western Palearctic, vol 5. Oxford University Press, Oxford
7. Cresswell W (1997) Nest predation: The relative effects of nest characteristics, clutch size and parental behaviour. Anim Behav 53:93-103
8. Desrochers A, Magrath RD (1993) Age-specific fecundity in European blackbirds (Turdus merula): Individual and population trends. Auk 110:255-263
9. Hatchwell BJ, Chamberlain DE, Perrins CM (1996a) The demography of blackbirds Turdus merula in rural habitats: Is farmland a sub-optimal habitat? J Appl Ecol 33:1114-1124
10. Hatchwell BJ, Chamberlain DE, Perrins CM (1996b) The reproductive success of blackbirds Turdus merula in relation to habitat structure and choice of nest site. Ibis 138:256-262
11. Jaarvinen A (1989) Clutch-size variation in the pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca. Ibis 131:572-577
12. Kentish BJ, Dann P, Lowe KW (1995) Breeding biology of the common blackbird Turdus merula in Australia. Emu 95:233-244
13. Krementz DG, Handford P (1984) Does avian clutch size increase with altitude? Oikos 43:256-259
14. D Lack 1954 The natural regulation of animal numbers Clarendon Press Oxford
15. Lu X (2001) A survey report for important bird area in Tibet. Unpublished report, Birdlife International, Cambridge
16. Ludvig E, Vanicsek L, Toeroek J, Csoergoe T (1995) Seasonal variation of clutch size in the European blackbird Turdus merula: A new ultimate explanation. J Anim Ecol 64:85-94
17. Magrath RD (1989) Hatching asynchrony and reproductive success in the blackbird. Nature 339:536-538 10.1038/339536a0
18. Magrath RD (1991) Nestling weight and juvenile survival in the blackbird, Turdus merula. J Anim Ecol 60:335-351
19. Magrath RD (1992) The effect of egg mass on the growth and survival of blackbirds: A field experiment. J Zool 227:639-653
20. Martin TE (1992) Interaction of nest predation and food limitation in reproductive strategies. Curr Ornithol 9:163-197
21. Martin TE (1995) Avian life history evolution in relation to nest sites, nest predation and food. Ecol Monogr 65:101-127
22. ML Morrison BG Marcot RW Mannan 1992 Wildlife-habitat relationship University of Wisconsin Press Madison
23. Partridge L, Harvey PH (1988) The ecological context of life history evolution. Science 241:1449-1455
24. Pianka ER (1970) On r- and k-selection. Am Nat 104:592-597 10.1086/282697
25. Ricklefs RE (1976) Growth rates of birds in the humid New World Tropics. Ibis 118:179-207
26. Schnack S (1991) The breeding biology and nestling diet of the blackbird Turdus merula L. and the song thrush Turdus philomelos C.L. Brehm in Vienna and in an adjacent wood. Acta Ornithol 26:85-106
27. Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of Chinese Academy of Sciences (1981) Insects of Tibet. Science Press, Beijing
28. Slagsvold T (1989) On the evolution of clutch size and nest size in passerine birds. Oecologia 79:300-305
29. Snow DW (1958) The breeding of the Blackbird Turdus merula at Oxford. Ibis 100:1-30
30. Török J, Ludvig E (1985) Seasonal changes in foraging strategies of nesting blackbirds. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 22:329-333
31. Venables LS, Venables UM (1952) The blackbird in Setlland. Ibis 94:636-653
32. Wu ZK, Li ZM (1984) A study on breeding ecology of the blackbirds Turdus merula in Guizhou. Zool Res Sin 5:283-288
33. ZX Zheng DH Li ZX Wang ZY Wang ZH Jiang TC Lu 1983 The avifauna of Tibet Science Press Beijing
34. Zheng ZX, Long ZY, Lu TC (1995) Fauna Sinica. Aves, vol 10, Passeriformes Muscicapidae I. Turdinae. Science Press, Beijing, pp 189-194