The imposition of economic sanctions in Philadelphia: Costs, fines, and restitution

Federal Probation

Volumn 68, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 21-26

  Ruback, R Barry ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 12344327362     PISSN: 00149128     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (14)

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2. Ervin, L., & Schneider, A. (1990). Explaining the effects of restitution on offenders: Results from a national experiment in juvenile courts. In B. Galaway & J. Hudson (Eds.), Criminal justice, restitution, and reconciliation (pp. 183-206). New York: Willow Tree Press.
3. Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2001). Crime in the United States, 2000. http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/cius_00/00crime213.pdf (accessed May 1, 2003).
4. Gordon, M., & Glaser, D. (1991). The use and effects of financial penalties in municipal courts. Criminobgy, 29, 651-676.
5. Harland, A. T. (1981). Restitution to victims of personal and household crimes. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
6. Hillsman, S. (1990). Fines and day fines. In M. Tonry & N. Morris (Eds.), Crime and justice: A review of research (vol. 12, pp. 49-98). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
7. Hillsman, S., & Greene, J. A. (1992). The use of fines as an intermediate sanction. In J. M. Byrne, A. J. Lurigio, & J. Petersilia (Eds.), Smart sentencing: The emergence of intermediate sanctions (pp. 123-141). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
8. Office for Victims of Crime. (1998), New directions from the field: Victims' rights and services far the 21st Century. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.
9. Olson, D. E., & Ramker, G. F. (2001). Crime does not pay, but criminals may: Factors influencing the imposition and collection of probation fees. Justice System Journal, 22, 29-46.
10. Outlaw, M. C., & Ruback, R. B. (1999). Predictors and outcomes of victim restitution orders. Justice Quarterly, 16, 847-869.
11. President's Task Force on Victims of Crime. (1982). Final report. Washington, DC: Author.
12. Ruback, R. B., Shaffer, J. N., & Logue, M. A. (in press, 2004). The imposition and effects of restitution in Pennsylvania: Effects of size of county and specialized collections units. Crime and Delinquency.
13. Smith, B. E., & Hillenbrand, S. W. (1997). Making victims whole again: Restitution, victim-offender reconciliation programs, and compensation. In R. C. Davis, A. J. Lurigio, & W. Skogan (Eds.), Victims of crime (2nd ed., pp. 231-244). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
14. Weisheit, R. A., Wells, L. E., & Falcone, D. N. (1995), Crime and policing in rural and small-town America: An overview of the issues. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.