Breast feeding and cardiovascular disease risk factors, incidence, and mortality: The Caerphilly study

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health

Volumn 59, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 121-129

  Martin, Richard M ^a   Ben Shlomo, Yoav ^a   Gunnell, David ^a   Elwood, Peter ^b   Yarnell, John W G ^c   Smith, George Davey ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^b CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; FIBRINOGEN;

BREASTFEEDING; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DISEASE PREVALENCE; HEALTH RISK; MEDICAL GEOGRAPHY; MORTALITY; RISK FACTOR;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS; BOTTLE FEEDING; BREAST FEEDING; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INCIDENCE; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MALE; MORTALITY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; UNITED STATES;

BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS INDEX; BREAST FEEDING; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CONFOUNDING FACTORS (EPIDEMIOLOGY); EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; TIME FACTORS; WALES;

CAERPHILLY; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; EUROPE; UNITED KINGDOM; WALES; WESTERN EUROPE; WORLD;

EID: 12344290221     PISSN: 0143005X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/jech.2003.018952     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Kuh D, Ben-Shlomo Y. A life course approach to chronic disease epidemiology. Oxford: OUP, 1997.
2. Barker DJP. Fetal and infant origins of adult disease. London: BMJ Books, 1992.
3. Eveleth PB, Tanner JM. Worldwide variation in human growth. London: Cambridge University Press, 1976.
4. Rich-Edwards JW, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, et al. Height and the risk of cardiovascular disease in women. Am J Epidemiol 1995;142:909-17.
5. Yarnell JGW, Limb ES, Layzell JM, et al. Height: a risk marker for ischaemic heart disease: prospective results from the Caerphilly and Speedwell heart disease studies. Eur Heart J 1992;13:1602-5.
6. Gunnell D. Can adult anthropometry be used as a biomarker for prenatal and childhood exposures? Int J Epidemiol 2002;31:390-4.
7. Gunnell DJ, Davey Smith G, Frankel SJ, et al. Socio-economic and dietary influences on leg length and trunk length in childhood: a reanalysis of the Carnegie (Boyd Orr) survey of diet and health in prewar Britain (1937-39). Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 1998;12(suppl 1):96-113.
8. Davey Smith G, Greenwood R, Gunnell D, et al. Leg length, insulin resistance, and coronary heart disease risk: the Caerphilly study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2001;55:867-72.
9. Gunnell DJ, Davey Smith G, Frankel S, et al. Childhood leg length and adult mortality: follow-up study of the Carnegie (Boyd Orr) survey of diet and health in pre-war Britain. J Epidemiol Community Health 1998;52:142-52.
10. Lawlor DA, Ebrahim S, Davey Smith G. The association between components of adult height and type II diabetes and insulin resistance: British women's heart and health study. Diabetologia 2002;45:1097-106.
11. Lawlor DA, Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. Life course influences on insulin resistance: findings from the British women's heart and health study. Diabetes Care 2003;26:97-103.
12. Wadsworth ME, Hardy RJ, Paul AA, et al. Leg and trunk length at 43 years in relation to childhood health, diet and family circumstances; evidence from the 1946 national birth cohort. Int J Epidemiol 2002;31:383-90.
13. Martin RM, Davey Smith G, Mangtani P, et al. Association between breast feeding and growth: the Boyd-Orr cohort study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2002;87:F193-201.
14. Fall CHD, Barker DJP, Osmond C, et al. Relation of infant feeding to adult serum cholesterol concentration and death from ischaemic heart disease. BMJ 1992;304:801-5.
15. Osmond C, Barker DJP, Winter PD, et al. Early growth and death from cardiovascular disease in women. BMJ 1993;307:1519-24.
16. Von Kries R, Koletzko B, Sauerwald T, et al. Breast feeding and obesity: cross sectional study. BMJ 1999;319:147-50.
17. Owen CG, Whincup PH, Odoki K, et al. Infant feeding and blood cholesterol: a study in adolescents and a systematic review. Pediatrics 2002;110:597-608.
18. Owen CG, Whincup PH, Gilg JA, et al. Effect of breast feeding in infancy on blood pressure in later life: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2003;327:1189-95.
19. Martin RM, McCarthy A, Davies DP, et al. Association between infant nutrition and blood pressure in early adulthood: the Barry Caerphilly growth cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:1489-97.
20. Ravelli ACJ, van der Meulen JH, Osmond C, et al. Infant feeding and adult glucose tolerance, lipid profile, blood pressure, and obesity. Arch Dis Child 2000;82:248-52.
21. Pettitt DJ, Forman MR, Hanson RL, et al. Breastfeeding and incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians. Lancet 1997;350:106-8.
22. Wingard DL, Criqui MH, Edelstein SL, et al. Is breast-feeding associated with adult longevity? Am J Public Health 1994;84:1458-62.
23. Lesson CP, Kattenhorn M, Deanfield JE, et al. Duration of breast feeding and arterial distensibility in early adult life: population based study. BMJ 2001;322:643-7.
24. Lewis DS, Mott GE, McMahan CA, et al. Deferred effects of preweaning diet on atherosclerosis in adolescent baboons. Arteriosclerosis 1988;8:274-80.
25. The Caerphilly and Speedwell Collaborative Group. Caerphilly and Speedwell collaborative heart disease studies. J Epidemiol Community Health 1984;38:259-62.
26. Foster K, Lader D, Cheesborough S. Infant feeding 1995: a survey of infant feeding practices in the United Kingdom carried out by the Social Survey Division of ONS on behalf of the Department of Health, the Scottish Office Department of Health, the Welsh Office and the Department of Health and Social Services in Northern Ireland. London: The Stationery Office, 1997.
27. Wilson AC, Forsyth JS, Greene SA, et al. Relation of infant diet to childhood health: seven year follow up of cohort of children in Dundee infant feeding study. BMJ 1998;316:21-5.
28. Tulldahl J, Pettersson K, Andersson SW, et al. Mode of infant feeding and achieved growth in adolescence: early feeding patterns in relation to growth and body composition in adolescence. Obes Res 1999;7:431-7.
29. Whincup PH, Cook DG, Shaper AG. Early influences on blood pressure: a study of children aged 5-7 years. BMJ 1989;299:587-91.
30. Taittonen L, Nuutinen M, Turtinen J, et al. Prenatal and postnatal factors in predicting later blood pressure among children: cardiovascular risk in young Finns. Pediatr Res 1996;40:627-32.
31. Elliott KG, Kjolhede CL, Gournis E, et al. Duration of breastfeeding associated with obesity during adolescence. Obes Res 1997;5:538-41.
32. Bergmann KE, Bergmann RL, Von Kries R, et al. Early determinants of childhood overweight and adiposity in a birth cohort study: role of breastfeeding. Int J Obes 2003;27:162-72.
33. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, et al. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985;28:412-19.
34. Elwood PC, Beswick A, Pickering J, et al. Platelet tests in the prediction of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke: evidence from the Caerphilly prospective study. Br J Haematol 2001;113:514-20.
35. Fallon UB, Elwood P, Ben Shlomo Y, et al. Homocysteine and ischaemic stroke in men: the Caerphilly study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2001;55:91-6.
36. StataCorp. Stata survival analysis and epidemiological tables. Reference manual release 8.0. College Station, TX: Stata Corporation, 2003.
37. Ziegler A, Kastner C, Chang-Claude J. Analysis of pregnancy and other factors on detection of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection using weighted estimating equations for follow-up data. Stat Med 2003;22:2217-33.
38. Fildes V. Infant feeding practices and infant mortality in England, 1900-1919. Continuity and Change 1998;13:251-80.
39. Marmot MG, Page CM, Atkins E, et al. Effect of breast feeding on plasma cholesterol and weight in young adults. J Epidemiol Community Health 1980;34:164-71.
40. Kark JD, Troya G, Friedlander Y, et al. Validity of maternal reporting history and the association with blood lipids in 17 year olds in Jerusalem. J Epidemiol Community Health 1984;38:218-25.
41. Tomeo CA, Rich-Edwards JW, Michels KB, et al. Reproducibility and validity of maternal recall of pregnancy-related events. Epidemiology 1999;10:774-7.
42. Hoaga JG. Reliability of retrospective survey data on infant feeding. Demography 1988;25:307-14.
43. Vobecky JS, Vobecky J, Froda S. The reliability of the maternal memory in a retrospective assessment of nutritional status. J Clin Epidemiol 1988;41:261-5.
44. Maynard M. Diet in childhood and risk of adult cancer. [PhD thesis]. Bristol: University of Bristol, 2000.
45. Kramer MS. Does breast-feeding and delayed introduction of solid foods protect against subsequent obesity? J Pediatr 1981;98:883-7.
46. Boulton J. Nutrition in childhood and its relationships to early somatic growth, body fat, blood pressure, and physical fitness. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 1981;284:1-85.
47. MRC. Infant nutrition and cardiovascular disease. Scientific report no 8. Southampton: MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit, 1987.
48. Anonymous. Artificial feeds for the young infant. Report of the Working Party on the Composition of Foods for Infants and Young Children, Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy. Reports on Health and Social Subjects 2001;18:i-viii.
49. Burr ML, Beasley WH, Fisher CB. Breast feeding, maternal smoking and early atheroma. Eur Heart J 1984;5:588-91.
50. Cowen DD. Myocardial infarction and infant feeding. Practitioner 1973;210:661-3.
51. Osborn GR. Stages in development of coronary disease observed from 1500 young subjects: relationship of hypotension and infant feeding to aetiology. Colloques Internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 1967;169:93-139.
52. Wadsworth M, Marshall S, Hardy R, et al. Breast feeding and obesity: relation may be accounted for by social factors. BMJ 1999;319:1576.
53. Agras WS, Kraemer HC, Berkowitz RI, et al. Influence of early feeding style on adiposity at 6 years of age. J Pediatr 1990;116:805-9.
54. Clifford TJ. Breast feeding and obesity. BMJ 2003;327:879-80.
55. Plancoulaine S, Charles MA, Lafay L, et al. Infant-feeding patterns are related to blood cholesterol concentration in prepubertal children aged 5-11 y: the Fleurbaix-Laventie Ville Sante study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000;54:114-19.
56. Singhal A, Cole TJ, Lucas A. Early nutrition in preterm infants and later blood pressure: two cohorts after randomised trials. Lancet 2001;357:413-19.
57. Singhal A, Fewtrell M, Cole TJ, et al. Low nutrient intake and early growth for later insulin resistance in adolescents born preterm. Lancet 2003;361:1089-97.
58. Kramer MS, Kakuma R. The optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding: a systematic review. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 2002.