The nuclear reddening curve for active galactic nuclei and the shape of the infrared to X-ray spectral energy distribution

Astrophysical Journal

Volumn 616, Issue 1 I, 2004, Pages 147-156

  Gaskell, C Martin ^a   Goosmann, René W ^a,c   Antonucci, Robert R J ^b   Whysong, David H ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c OBSERVATOIRE DE PARIS   (France)

Author keywords

Dust; Extinction; Galaxies: active

Indexed keywords

EID: 12344256707     PISSN: 0004637X     EISSN: 15384357     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/423885     Document Type: Review

References (76)

1. Antonucci, R. R. J. 1993, ARA&A, 31, 473
2. Avni, Y., & Tananbaum, H. 1982, ApJ, 262, L17
3. Baker, J. C., & Hunstead, R. W. 1995, ApJ, 452, L95 ( errata 461, L59 [1996a]; 468, L131 [1996b])
4. Baker, J. C., & Hunstead, R. W. 1995, ApJ, 452, L95 ( errata 461, L59 [1996a]; 468, L131 [1996b])
5. Baker, J. C., & Hunstead, R. W. 1995, ApJ, 452, L95 ( errata 461, L59 [1996a]; 468, L131 [1996b])
6. Baker, J. C., Hunstead, R. W., Athreya, R. M., Barthel, P. D., de Silva, E., Lehnert, M. D., & Saunders, R. D. E. 2002, ApJ, 568, 592
7. Baker, J. C., et al. 1997, MNRAS, 286, 23
8. Barr, P. 1982, in Proc. Third European IUE Conf. (Paris: ESA), 559
9. Bechtold, J., Shields, J., Rieke, M., Ji, P., Scott, J., Kuhn, O., Elvis, M., & Elston, R. 1997, in ASP Conf. Ser. 113, Emission Lines in Active Galaxies: New Methods and Techniques, ed. B. M. Peterson, F.-Z. Cheng, & A. S. Wilson (San Francisco: ASP), 122
10. Bohren, C. F., & Hufman, D. R. 1983, Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles (New York: Wiley)
11. Boroson, T. A., & Green, R. F. 1992, ApJS, 80, 109
12. Brinkmann, W., Yuan, W., & Siebert, J. 1997, A&A, 319, 413
13. Burstein, D., & Heiles, C. 1982, AJ, 87, 1165
14. Calzetti, D., Kinney, A. L., & Storchi-Bergmann, T. 1994, ApJ, 429, 582
15. Cardelli, J. A., Clayton, G. C., & Mathis, J. S. 1989, ApJ, 345, 245 (CCM89)
16. Chang, C. A., Schiano, A. V. R., & Wolfe, A. M. 1987, ApJ, 322, 180
17. Cheng, F. H., Gaskell, C. M., & Koratkar, A. P. 1991, ApJ, 370, 487
18. Clavel, J., Wamsteker, W., & Glass, I. S. 1989, ApJ, 337, 236
19. Clavel, J., et al. 2000, A&A, 357, 839
20. Collier, S. J. 2001, MNRAS, 325, 1527
21. Collier, S. J., et al. 1998, ApJ, 500, 162
22. _. 2001, ApJ, 561, 146
23. Crenshaw, D. M., Kraemer, S. B., Bruhweiler, F. C., & Ruiz, J. R. 2001, ApJ, 555, 633
24. Crenshaw, D. M., et al. 2002, ApJ, 566, 187
25. De Zotti, G., & Gaskell, C. M. 1985, A&A, 147, 1
26. Draine, B. T., & Salpeter, E. E. 1979, ApJ, 231, 77
27. Dultzin - Hacyan, D., & Ruano, C. 1996, A&A, 305, 719
28. Fischera, Jg., Tuffs, R. J., & Völk, H. J. 2002, A&A, 395, 189
29. Fitzpatrick, E. L., & Massa, D. 1988, ApJ, 328, 734
30. Francis, P. J., Hewett, P. C., Foltz, C. B., & Chaffee, F. H. 1992, ApJ, 398, 476
31. Gaskell, C. M., & Klimek, E. S. 2003, Astron. Astrophys. Trans., 22, 661
32. Goodrich, R. W. 1989, ApJ, 340, 190
33. Goosmann, R. W. 2002, Diplomarbeit thesis, Univ. Hamburg
34. Gordon, K. D., & Clayton, G. C. 1998, ApJ, 500, 816
35. Grandi, S. A. 1983, ApJ, 268, 591
36. Grossan, B., Remillard, R. A., Bradt, H. V., Brissenden, R. J., Ohashi, T., & Sakao, T. 1996, ApJ, 457, 199
37. Hall, P. S., et al. 2002, ApJS, 141, 267
38. Imanishi, M. 2001, AJ, 121, 1927
39. Kembhavi, A. 1993, MNRAS, 264, 683
40. Korista, K. T., & Goad, M. R. 2001, ApJ, 553, 695
41. Kriss, G. A., & Canizares, C. R. 1985, ApJ, 297, 177
42. Kriss, G. A., Peterson, B. M., Crenshaw, D. M., & Zheng, W. 2000, ApJ, 535, 58
43. Laor, A., & Draine, B. T. 1993, ApJ, 402, 441
44. Maccacaro, T., Perola, G. C., & Elvis, M. 1982, ApJ, 257, 47
45. Maiolino, R., Marconi, A., & Oliva, E. 2001a, A&A, 365, 37
46. Maiolino, R., Marconi, A., Salvati, M., Risaliti, G., Severgnini, P., Oliva, E., La Franca, F., & Vanzi, L. 2001b, A&A, 365, 28
47. Malkan, M. A. 1984, in X-Ray and UV Emission from Active Galactic Nuclei, ed. W. Brinkmann & J. Trümper (MPE Rep. 184; Garching: MPI), 121
48. Martel, A. R. 1998, ApJ, 508, 657
49. Mathis, J. S. 1990, ARA&A, 28, 37
50. Mathis, J. S., Rumpl, W., & Nordsiek, K. H. 1977, ApJ, 217, 425 (MRN)
51. McKee, C. F., & Petrosian, V. 1974, ApJ, 189, 17
52. Miller, J. S., Goodrich, R., & Mathews, W. G. 1991, ApJ, 378, 47
53. Mushotzky, R. F., & Wandel, A. 1989, ApJ, 339, 674
54. Netzer, H., Brotherton, M. S., Wills, B. J., Han, M. S., Wills, D., Baldwin, J. A., Ferland, G. J., & Browne, I. W. A. 1995, ApJ, 448, 27
55. Ogle, P. M., Brookings, T., Canizares, C. R., Lee, J. C., & Marshall, H. L. 2003, A&A, 402, 849
56. Oknyanskij, V. L., Horne, K., Lyuty, V. M., Sadakane, K., Honda, S., & Tanabe, S. 2002, in ASP Conf. Ser. 290, Active Galactic Nuclei: From Central Engine to Host Galaxy, ed. S. Collin, F. Combes, & I. Shlosman (San Francisco: ASP), 119
57. Perola, C., et al. 1982, MNRAS, 200, 293
58. Pitman, K. M., Clayton, G. C., & Gordon, K. D. 2000, PASP, 112, 537
59. Reichert, G. A., Mason, K. O., Bowyer, S., & Thorstensen, J. R. 1982, ApJ, 260, 437
60. Reichert, G. A., Mushotzky, R. F., Holt, S. S., & Petre, R. 1985, ApJ, 296, 69
61. Richards, G. T., et al. 2003, AJ, 126, 1131
62. Rieke, G. H., & Lebofsky, M. J. 1985, ApJ, 288, 618
63. Risaliti, G., Elvis, M., & Nicastro, F. 2002, ApJ, 571, 234
64. Sambruna, R. M., Eracleous, M., & Mushotzky, R. F. 1999, ApJ, 526, 60
65. _. 2002, NewA Rev., 46, 215
66. Schmitt, H. R., Kinney, A. L., Calzetti, D., & Storchi-Bergmann, T. 1997, AJ, 114, 592
67. Shastri, P. 1991, MNRAS, 249, 640
68. Siebenmorgen, R., Krügel, E., & Spoon, H. W. W. 2004, A&A, 414, 123
69. Snedden, S. A., & Gaskell, C. M. 2004, ApJ, submitted
70. Wandel, A., & Petrosian, V. 1988, ApJ, 329, L11
71. Ward, M. J., Elvis, M., Fabbiano, G., Carleton, N. P., Willner, S. P., & Lawrence, A. 1987. ApJ, 315, 74
72. Ward, M. J., & Morris, S. L. 1984, MNRAS, 207, 867
73. Weingartner, J. C., & Draine, B. T. 2001, ApJ, 548, 296
74. Wills, B. J. 1999, in ASP Conf. Ser. 162, Quasars and Cosmology, ed. G. J. Ferland & J. A. Baldwin (San Francisco: ASP), 101
75. Wills, B. J., Shang, Z.-H., & Yuan, J. M. 2000, NewA Rev., 44, 511
76. Zamorani, G., et al. 1981, ApJ, 245, 357