Expanding indications for statins in cerebral ischemia: A quantitative study

Archives of Neurology

Volumn 62, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 67-72

  Ovbiagele, Bruce ^a   Kidwell, Chelsea S ^b   Saver, Jeffrey L ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; STATIN;

ADULT; AGED; ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; EMBOLISM; FEMALE; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; PATIENT SELECTION; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ALGORITHMS; ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; DEMOGRAPHY; EVALUATION STUDIES; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; REFERENCE VALUES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED STATES; UNITED STATES FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION;

EID: 12144275056     PISSN: 00039942     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archneur.62.1.67     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Leys D, Deplanque D, Lucas C, Bordet R. Hypolipemic agents for stroke prevention. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2002;24:573-594.
2. Sacks F, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA, et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels: Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial investigators. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1001-1009.
3. Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:1349-1357.
4. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet. 1994;344:1383-1389.
5. Sever P, Dahlof B, Poulter NR, et al. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361:1149-1158.
6. Furberg C, Adams HP Jr, Applegate WB, et al; Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Progression Study (ACAPS) Research Group. Effect of lovastatin on early carotid atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Circulation. 1994;90:1679-1687.
7. Blauw G, Lagaay AM, Smelt AH, Westendorp RG. Stroke, statins, and cholesterol: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trials with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Stroke. 1997;28:946-950.
8. Corvol JC, Bouzamondo A, Sirol M, Hulot JS, Sanchez P, Lechat P. Differential effects of lipid-lowering therapies on stroke prevention: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163:669-676.
9. Ross S, Allen IE, Connelly JE, et al. Clinical outcomes in statin treatment trials: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:1793-1802.
10. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with Simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;360:7-22.
11. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. Effects of cholesterol-lowering with Simvastatin on stroke and other major vascular events in 20,536 people with cerebrovascular disease or other high-risk conditions. Lancet. 2004;363:757-767.
12. Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106:3143-3421.
13. Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice: recommendations of the Second Joint Task Force of European and Other Societies on Coronary Prevention. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:1434-1503.
14. Straus SE. Majumdar SR, McAlister FA. New evidence for stroke prevention: clinical applications. JAMA. 2002;288:1396-1398.
15. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. New and generic drug approvals, 1998-2003. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/ cder/approval/index.htm. Accessed April 22, 2003.
16. Lee L, Kidwell CS, Alger J, Starkman S, Saver JL. Impact on stroke subtype diagnosis of early diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography. Stroke. 2000;31:1081-1089.
17. Kannel WB, McGee D, Gordon T. A general cardiovascular risk profile: the Framingham Study. Am J Cardiol. 1976;38:46-51.
18. Wilson PW, Castelli WP, Kannel WB. Coronary risk prediction in adults (the Framingham Heart Study). Am J Cardiol. 1987;59:91G-94G.
19. Grundy SM, Pasternak R, Greenland P, Smith S Jr, Fuster V. Assessment of cardiovascular risk by use of muitiple-risk-factor assessment equations: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology. Circulation. 1999;100:1481-1492.
20. Coronary heart disease risk assessment calculator tool. Available at: http://hin .nhlbi.nih.gov/atpiii/calculator.asp?usertype=prof#top. Accessed March 3, 2003.
21. Grundy S, Hansen B, Smith SC, Cleeman JI, Kahn RA. Clinical management of metabolic syndrome: report of the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Diabetes Association conference on scientific issues related to management. Circulation. 2004;109:551-556.
22. Fonarow G, Gawlinski A, Moughrabi S, Tillisch JH. Improved treatment of coronary heart disease by implementation of a Cardiac Hospitalization Atherosclerosis Management Program (CHAMP). Am J Cardiol. 2001;87:819-822.
23. Goyen M, Herborn CU, Kroger K, Lauenstein TC, Debatin JF, Ruehm SG. Detection of atherosclerosis: systemic imaging for systemic disease with whole-body three-dimensional MR angiography - initial experience. Radiology. 2003;227:277-282.
24. Rosamond W, Folsom AR, Chambless LE, et al. Stroke incidence and survival among middle-aged adults: 9-year follow-up of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort. Stroke. 1999;30:736-743.
25. Ferrari E, Vidal R, Chevallier T, Baudouy M. Atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta and aortic debris as a marker of poor prognosis: benefit of oral anticoagulants. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;33:1317-1322.
26. Rauch U, Osende JI, Fuster V, Badimon JJ, Fayad Z, Chesebro JH. Thrombus formation on atherosclerotic plaques: pathogenesis and clinical consequences. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:224-238.
27. Papadakis JA, Mikhailidis DP, Winder AF. Lipids and stroke: neglect of a useful preventive measure? Cardiovasc Res. 1998;40:265-271.
28. CAPRIE Steering Committee. A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischemic events. Lancet. 1996;348:1329-1339.
29. Gil-Nunez AC, Villanueva JA. Advantages of lipid-lowering therapy in cerebral ischemia: rote of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2001;11 (suppl 1):85-95.
30. Goldstein LB. Prevention and health services delivery. Stroke. 2003;34:367-369.
31. Amarenco P, Bogousslavsky J, Callahan AS, et al. Design and baseline characteristics of the stroke prevention by aggressive reduction in cholesterol levels (SPARCL) study [published correction appears in Cerebrovasc Dis. 2004;17:91-92]. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2003;16:389-395.
32. Caplan LR. Intracranial branch atheromatous disease: a neglected, understudied, and underused concept. Neurology. 1989;39:1246-1250.
33. Sterzer P, Meintzschel F, Rosier A, Lanfermann H, Steinmetz H, Sitzer M. Pravastatin improves cerebral vasomotor reactivity in patients with subcortical small-vessel disease. Stroke. 2001;32:2817-2820.
34. Tunick PA, Kronzon I. Embolism from the aorta: atheroemboli and thromboemboli. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2001;3:181-186.
35. Carlberg B, Asplund K, Hagg E. Factors influencing admission blood pressure levels in patients with acute stroke. Stroke. 1991;22:527-530.
36. Denke MA, Pasternak RC. Defining and treating the metabolic syndrome: a primer from the Adult Treatment Panel III. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2001;3:251-253.
37. Hennekens CH. Current perspectives on lipid lowering with statins to decrease risk of cardiovascular disease. Clin Cardiol. 2001;24(7, suppl):II-2-II-5.
38. Lalouschek W, Lang W, Greisenegger S, Mullner M. Determination of lipid profiles and use of statins in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Stroke. 2003;34:105-110.
39. Ovbiagele B, Saver JL, Fredieu A, et al,. PROTECT: a coordinated stroke treatment program to prevent recurrent thromboembolic events. Neurology. 2004;63:1217-1222.