Mass prediction in theropod dinosaurs

Historical Biology

Volumn 16, Issue 2-4, 2004, Pages 85-92

  Christiansen, P ^a   Farina R A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^b UNIVERSIDAD DE LA REPÚBLICA   (Uruguay)

Author keywords

Bivariate analyses; Body mass; Multivariate analyses; Tyrannosaurus

Indexed keywords

BODY MASS; BODY SIZE; DINOSAUR; ESTIMATION METHOD; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS;

DINOSAURIA; THEROPODA;

EID: 12144255439     PISSN: 08912963     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08912960412331284313     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Anderson, J.F., Hall-Martin, A. and Russell, D.A. 1985. Long-bone circumference and weight in mammals, birds and dinosaurs. Journal of Zoology (London) 207, 53-61.
2. Anyonge, W. 1993. Body mass in large extant and extinct carnivores. Journal of Zoology (London) 231, 339-350.
3. Azuma, Y. and Currie, P.J. 2000. A new carnosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37, 1735-1753.
4. Bertram, J.E.A. and Biewener, A.A. 1990. Differential scaling of the long bones in the terrestrial Carnivora and other mammals. Journal of Morphology 204, 157-169.
5. Biknevicius, A.R. 1999. Body mass estimation in armoured mammals: cautions and encouragements for the use of parameters from the appendicular skeleton. Journal of Zoology (London) 248, 179-187.
6. Calder, W.A. 1984. Size, Function, and Life History. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
7. Campbell, K.E. Jr. and Marcus, L. 1992. The relationships of hindlimb bone dimensions to body weight in birds. In Papers in Avian Paleontology honoring Pierce Brodkorb, edited by K.E. Campbell Jr., pp. 395-412. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series 36.
8. Carrano, M.T. 1997. Mammals versus birds as models for dinosaur limb kinematics. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17(Suppl. 3 , 36A.
9. Carrano, M.T. 1998. Locomotion in non-avian dinosaurs: integrating data from hindlimb kinematics, in vivo strains, and bone morphology. Paleobiology 24, 450-469.
10. Carpenter, K., Russell, D.A., Baird, D. and Denton, R. 1997. Redescription of the holotype of Dryptosaurus aquilunguis (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of New Jersey Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17, 561-573.
11. Christiansen, P. 1998. Strength indicator values of theropod long bones, with comments on limb proportions and cursorial potential. Gaia 15, 241-255.
12. Christiansen, P., 1999a. What size was Arctodus simus and Ursus spelaeus (Carnivora: Ursidae)? Annales Zoologici Fennici 36 93-102.
13. Christiansen, P., 1999b. Scaling of the limb long bones to body mass in terrestrial mammals. Journal of Morphology 239, 167-190.
14. Christiansen, P., 1999c. Long bone scaling and limb posture in non-avian theropods: evidence for differential allometry. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19, 666-680.
15. Christiansen, P. 2001. Dinosaur biomechanics. In Paul, G.S. (ed) The Scientific American Book of Dinosaurs, pp 65-75. St Martin's Press, New York.
16. Christiansen, P. 2002. Locomotion in terrestrial mammals: the influence of body mass, limb length and bone proportions on speed. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 136, 685-714.
17. Christiansen, P. 2004. Body size in proboscideans, with notes on elephant metabolism. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 140, 523-549.
18. Christiansen, P. 2004a. The body size of Smilodon populator (Mammaha: Fehdae). Mammalia.
19. Christiansen, P. and Bonde, N. 2002. Limb proportions and avian terrestrial locomotion. Journal für Ornithologie 143, 356-371.
20. Chure, D.J. 1995. A reassessment of the gigantic theropod Saurophagus maximus from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Oklahoma, USA. In Sun, A. and Wang, Y. (eds) Sixth Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biota, pp 103-106. China Ocean Press, Beijing.
21. Currie, P.J. and Carpenter, K. 2000. A new species of Acrocanthosaurus atokensis (Theropoda: Dinosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous Antlers Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Aptian) of Oklahoma, USA. Geodiversitas 22, 207-246.
22. Currie, P.J. and Zhao, X.-J. 1993. A new Carnosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, 2037-2081.
23. Damuth, J. and MacFadden, B.J. (eds) 1990. Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology: Estimation and Biological Implications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
24. Eisenberg, J.F. 1981. The Mammalian Radiations. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
25. Fariña, R.A., Vizcaino, S.F. and Bargo, M.S. 1998. Body mass estimations in Lujanian (Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene of South America) mammal megafauna. Mastozoologia Neotropical 5, 87-108.
26. Farlow, J.O., Gatesy, S.M., Holtz, Jr, T.R., Hutchinson, J.R. and Robinson, J.M. 1999. Theropod locomotion. American Zoologist 40 640-663.
27. Gatesy, S.M. 1990. Caudofemoral musculature and the evolution of theropod locomotion. Paleobiology 16, 170-186.
28. Gatesy, S.M. 1991. Hindlimb scaling in birds and other theropods: implications for terrestrial locomotion. Journal of Morphology 209, 83-96.
29. Gatesy, S.M. and Dial, K.P. 1996. Locomotor modules and the evolution of avian flight. Evolution 50, 331-340.
30. Gatesy, S.M. and Middleton, K.M. 1997. Bipedalism, flight, and the evolution of theropod locomotor diversity. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17, 308-329.
31. Gingerich, P.D. 1990. Prediction of body mass in mammalian species from long bone lengths and diameters. Contributions of the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 28, 79-92.
32. Hartwig-Scherer, S. 1993. Body weight prediction in early fossil hominids: towards a taxon-independent approach. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 92, 17-36.
33. Henderson, D.M. 1999. Estimating the masses and centers of mass of extinct animals by 3-D mathematical slicing. Paleobiology 25 88-106.
34. Hurlburt, G. 1999. Comparison of body mass estimation techniques using recent reptiles and the pelycosaur Edaphosaurus boanerges. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19, 338-350.
35. Hylander, W.L. 1985. Mandibular function and biomechanical stress and scaling. American Zoologist 30, 315-330.
36. Janis, C. 1990. Correlation of cranial and dental variables with body size in ungulates and macropodoids. In Damuth, J. and MacFadden, B.J. (eds) Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology: Estimation and Biological Implications, pp 255-299. Cambridge University Press, New York.
37. Jerison, H.J. 1973. Evolution of Brain and Intelligence. Academic Press, New York.
38. Jones, T.D., Farlow, J.O., Ruben, J.A., Henderson, D.M. and Hillenius, W.J. 2000. Cursoriality in bipedal archosaurs. Nature 406 (6797), 716-718.
39. Kurtén, B. 1967. Pleistocene bears of North America. 2. Genus Arctodus, short-faced bears. Acta Zoologia Fennica 117, 1-60.
40. Lyman, R.L. 1994. Vertebrate Taphonomy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
41. Mazzetta, G., Farina, R.A. and Vizcaíno, S.F. 1998. Notes for the palaeobiology of the South American horned theropod Carnotaurus. In Gaia, Theropod Paleobiology Special Volume, edited by Pérez-Moreno, B., Holtz, T.R. Jr., Sanz, J.L. and Moratalla, J.J., 15, 185-192.
42. MaMahon, T.A. and Bonner, J.T. 1983. On Size and Life. W.H. Freeman, New York.
43. Peczkis, J. 1994. Implications of body-mass estimates for dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14, 520-533.
44. Richards, R.L. and Turnbull, W.D. 1995. Giant short-faced bear (Arctodus simus yukonensis) remains from Fulton County, Northern Indiana. Fieldiana Geology 20, 1-34.
45. Ruff, C. 1990. Body mass and hindlimb bone cross-sectional and articular dimensions in anthropoid primates. In Damuth, J. and MacFadden, B.J. (eds) Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology: Estimation and Biological Implications, pp 119-149. Cambridge University Press, New York.
46. Russell, D.A. and Dong, Z.-M. 1993a. The affinities of a new theropod from the AIxa Desert, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, 2107-2127.
47. Russell, D.A. and Dong, Z.-M. 1993b. A nearly complete skeleton of a new troodontid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of the Ordos Basin, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, 2163-2173.
48. Schmidt-Nielsen, K. 1984. Scaling: Why is Animal Size so Important? Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
49. Scott, K.P. 1990. Postcranial dimensions of ungulates as predictors of body mass. In Damuth, J. and MacFadden, B.J. (eds) Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology: Estimation and Biological Implications, pp 301-335. Cambridge University Press, New York.
50. Seebacher, F. 2001. A new method to calculate allometric length-mass relationships of dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21, 51-60.
51. Smith, R.J. 1981. Interpretation of correlations in interspecific allometry. Growth 45, 291-297.
52. Smith, R.J. 1984. Allometric scaling in comparative biology: problems of concept and method. American Journal of Physiology 15, R152-R160.
53. Smith, R.J. 1985. The present as a key to the past: body weight of Miocene hominoids as a test of allometric methods for paleontological inference. In Jungers, W.L. (ed) Size and Scaling in Primate Biology, pp 437-447. Plenum Press, New York.
54. Sokal, R.R. and Rohlf, F.J. 1995. Biometry. W.H. Freeman and Co., New York.
55. Van Valkenburg, B. 1990. Skeletal and dental predictors of body mass in carnivores. In Damuth, J. and MacFadden, B.J. (eds) Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology: Estimation and Biological Implications, pp 181-205. Cambridge University Press, New York.
56. Varricchio, D.J. 1993. Bone microstructure of the Upper Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Troodon formosus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13, 99-104.