The International Mercenary Market in the Sixteenth Century: Anglo-French Competition in Germany, 1543-50

English Historical Review

Volumn 111, Issue 440, 1996, Pages 24-58

  Potter, David ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENT   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 11544343849     PISSN: 00138266     EISSN: 14774534     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ehr/CXI.440.24     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. eC.Oman, The Art ofWar in the Sixteenth Century (London, 1937), and the baiic more recent surveys: J. R. Hale, War and Society in Renaissance Europe, 1410-1620 (London, 1985), pp. 146-52;
2. A. Corvisier, Armies and Society in Europe, 1494—1789 (Indianapolis, 197
3. . M. Mallett, Mercenaries and their Masters: Warfare in Renaissance Italy (London, 1974),
4. H.M. Mollcr, Das Regiment der Landsknechte (1976);
5. F. Redlich, The German Military Enterpriser and his Workforce (2 voU., Wiesbaden, 1964-5).
6. D. Potter, 'Les Allemands ct les armecj francaiso au XVI' siecle. Jean-Philippe Rhingrave, chef de lansquenets: etude suiviedesacorrespondanceen France, 1548-66',Franda,xx, 2 (1993), 1-20, and esp. n i, 2 (1994), 1-63.
7. csiecle'), in Quatrieme centenaire de la batatUe de Coutras. Colioque de 1987 (Pau, 1989), pp. 63-88.
8. P. Contamine (ed.), Hutorre mdkatre de la France (Paris, 1991), pp. 233-56;
9. G. Dickinson, Fourqucvaux's Instructions sur le Faict de la Guerre (London, 1954), pp. xxiii-bnxi;
10. D. Potter, War and Government in the French Provinces: Ptcardy, 1470-1;6o (Cambridge, 1993), pp. 155-99-
11. J.V.Wagner,Graf WUhelm von Furstenberg, 1491—1549,unddiepolitisck-geistigenMachteseiner Zeu (Stuttgart, 1966).
12. R. Peter, 'Les lansquenet! dins les armces du roi. Le capiuine general Guillaume de Furstenberg', in Chartes-Qumt, le Rhin et la France (Strasbourg, 1973), pp. 95-109.
13. n J. S. Brewer etaL (ed.\ Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII (21 vols. and Addenda, London, 1862-1932 [hereafter L&PJ), ivii. 517.
14. J. Goring, The Military Obligations of the English People, 1511-15 58' (Univ. of London PhD thesis, 195 5),
15. C. S. L. Davies, 'Supply Services of the English Armed Forces, 1509-50' (Univ. of Oxford D.Phil, thesis, 1963),
16. C. G. Cruickshank, Army Royal- An Account of Henry Vfll's Invasion of France, I;IJ (Oxford, 1969).
17. G. J. Millar, Tudor Mercenaries and Auxdiaries, 148^-1)4/ (Charlottcsvillc, 1980).
18. L. MacMahon, The English Invasion of France, 1544' (Univ. of Warwick M.A. thesis, 1992), pp. 49—75.
19. Redlich, The Gemum Miltury Enterpriser, pp. 40-1.
20. Millar, Tudor Mercenaries, pp. 76-81.
21. L. MacMahon, The English Invasion of France, 1544', pp. 49-61.
22. W. C. Richardson, Stephen Vaughan, Financial Agent ofHenry VIII (Baton Rouge, 1953);
23. S. T. Bindoff (ed.), The House of Commons, ijO9—is$8 (London, 1982), i. 492-4.
24. H. Davies, 'John Brende: Soldier and Translator', Huntmgton Library Quarterly, i (1937), 421-6.
25. M. B. Davies, 'Boulogne and Calais from 1545 to r 550', Bulletin of the Faculty of Arts of Fouad I Untversity, Catro, xii (1950), 14-15
26. M. A. S. Hume (ed.), Chronicle of King Henry VIII of England... Written in Spanish (London, 1889), pp. 112-214
27. J. Bain etai,Calendar of Papers Relating to Scotland and Mary Queen of Scots, JJ47-/60J (12 vols., Edinburgh, 1898—19J2 [hereafter Scottish Calendar]), i, no. 336.
28. J.-D. Pariset, Les Relations entre la France et I'AUemagne an milieu duXVI' siede (Strasbourg, 1981);
29. H. Duchhardt and E. Schmitt (ed.), Deutscbland und Frankreich in der fruhen Neuzeit (Munich, 1987);
30. J.-Y Mariotte, 'Francois I" et la Ligue de Schmalkalde, 1538-44', in Schweizensche Zeitschrift fiir Geschichte, xvi (1966), 131-3,134, n. 91
31. R. McEntegart, 'England and the League of Schmalkalden, 1531-1547: Faction, Foreign Policy and the English Reformation' (London School of Economics, PhD thesis, 1991).
32. O. Winckelmann, Politiscbe Correspondenz der Stadt Strassbnrg imZeitalter der Reformation (Strassburg, 1881-91 [hereafter Pol Corr.), iii, no. 59
33. H. Baumgarten (ed.), Sleidans Briefwecbsel (Strassburg, 1881), no. n. The best information on this minion is contained in Bassefontaine's Diplomatic Journal, part of which was printed by Louis Paris in his Nigociations, lettres et pieces dwerses relatives OH regne de Francois II threes du portefeudle de Sebastten de L'Anbespine, eveque de Limoges (Paris, 1841).
34. J.-D. Pariset, 'La France et lei princes allemands. Documents et com-mentaires, 1545-57', Franaa, 1 (1981), 119-301.
35. C. Weiss (ed.), Papiers d'etat du cardinal de Granvelle (Paris, 1841), iii. 104.
36. D. Potter, 'Foreign Policy in the Age of the Reformation: French Involvement in the Schmalkaldic War, 1544-1547', Historical Journal, x (1977), 515-44-
37. Max Lenz (ed.), Briefwecbsel LMndgraf Philipps des Grofimutbigen von Hessen mit Bucer, vol. 11 (Leipzig, 1887), pp. 358—6
38. Redlich, The German Military Enterpriser, pp. 112-13.
39. : J. Lestocquoy (ed.), Correspondence des nonces en France Capodiferro, Dandtno et Guidicaone, 1541—1546 (Acta Nuntiaturac Gallicae, vol. iii, Rome/Paris, 1963), pp. 382, 384, 397.
40. Pariset, Les Relations, p. 42.
41. F. Kuch, Politisches Archki des Landgrafen Philipp des Grofimitigen von Hesstn (Leipzig, 1904-10), i. 527.
42. Issleib, 'Philipp von Hesscn, H. von Braunschweig und M. von Sachsen, 1541-47', Jabrbuch des Gcscbichtsvereins fur das Hcnogtum Braunschweig, ii (1903).
43. Grignan to Fraisse, Brussels, 8 Sept. 1545, Fraisse, pp. 77-8;
44. M. Deckers, Hermann von Wied, Enbtscbof xnd Kurfirst von K6ln (Cologne, 1840).
45. J. A. Muller (ed.), The Letter* of Stephen Gardiner (Cambridge, 1933), p. 180;
46. Marguerite Wood, The Foreign Correspondence of Marie de Lorraine, Qneen of Scotland From the ... Balcarres Papers, i}}7~47 (Edinburgh, 1923), i. 247-8.
47. Brandenburg, PoUtiscbe KorrespontUnz, no. 868.
48. D. Potter, 'Foreign Policy in the Age of the Reformation', 538-9.
49. M. L. Bush, The Government Policy of Protector Somerset (London, 1975), pp. 7-39.
50. D. Potter, 'Les Allemands et les armees francaiscs' (1993), 1-20;
51. J. P. Roos, Einige Nacbricbten von dent Wild- ttnd Rheingrafen Philipp Frtntzen von Dhaun (Frankfurt, 1784): letter to Henry VIII, 2 Jan. 1547, pp. 13-15
52. W. B. Turnbull (ed.), C[alendar of] S[Utte] P[tpers], F[oreign Series, of the Reign of Edward VI] (London, 1861), nos. 107-8
53. J. Cornwall, The Revolt of the Peasantry, IJ49 (London, 1977), PP-9°-7. 212-13.
54. Bush, Government Policy, pp, 87, 92
55. W. K. Jordan, Edward VI: The Young King (London, 1968), pp. 466-7.
56. W. K. Jordan, Edward VI: The Threshold of Power. The Dominance of the Duke of Northumberland (London, 1970), p. 437.
57. Potter, 'Let Alleminds et les armees francaises' (1993), 6-7.
58. Pariset,'La France ct le» princes allemands', nos. 13-16.
59. H. Kiewning, Hcrzog Albrechts von Preufien und MarkgrafJohannes von Brandenburg Anteilam Furstenhundgegen Karl V(K6nigsberg, 1889), i. 31-6.
60. J. Voigt, MtrkgrafAlbrecht AlcibUdts von Brandenburg Kulmbacb (2 vols., Berlin, 1852).