The physical demands upon (Dutch) fire-fighters in relation to the maximum acceptable energetic workload

Ergonomics

Volumn 47, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 446-460

  Bos, Jurriaan ^a   Mol, Eric ^b   Visser, Bart ^a   Frings Dresen, Monique H W ^a  

^a ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Energetic workload; Fire fighters; Maximum acceptable energetic workload; Physical demands

Indexed keywords

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING; OCCUPATIONAL RISKS; PERSONNEL;

ENERGETIC WORKLOADS; MEDICAL SELECTION;

ERGONOMICS;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CALCULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR PARAMETERS; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; ENERGY EXPENDITURE; ETHNOLOGY; FATIGUE; FEMALE; FIRE FIGHTER; FREQUENCY ANALYSIS; HEALTH SURVEY; HEART RATE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INCIDENCE; MALE; NETHERLANDS; OBSERVATION; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PATIENT SELECTION; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; STAFF TRAINING; TASK PERFORMANCE; WORKING TIME; WORKLOAD; WORKPLACE;

EXERTION; FATIGUE; FEMALE; FIRES; HEART RATE; HUMANS; MALE; NETHERLANDS; OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PERSONNEL STAFFING AND SCHEDULING; PHYSICAL FITNESS; RANDOM ALLOCATION; TASK PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS; WORK SCHEDULE TOLERANCE;

EID: 1142275389     PISSN: 00140139     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00140130310001643283     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Astrand P. O. and Rodahl, K. 1986, Textbook of work physiology. Physiological basis of exercise, 3rd edition, New York: McGraw-Hill.
2. Algra A. 1990, Electrocardiographic risk factors for sudden death. A study covering 245 cases of sudden death during a two-year follow-up after 24-h electrocardiography in 6693 patients, PhD Thesis, Erasmus Universiteit, Rotterdam.
3. Barnard, R. J. and Duncan, H. W. 1975, Heart rate and ECG responses of fire-fighters, Journal of Occupational Medicine, 17, 247-250.
4. Bates, J. T. 1987, Coronary artery disease in the Toronto Fire Department, Journal of Occupational Medicine, 29, 132-135.
5. Bennett, B. L., Hagan, R. D., Banta, G. and Williams, F. 1995, Physiological responses during shipboard fire-fighting, Aviation Space & Environmental Medicine, 66, 225-231.
6. Bilzon, J. L., Scarpello, E. G., Smith, C. V., Ravenhill, N. A. and Rayson, M. P. 2001, Characterization of the metabolic demands of simulated shipboard Royal Navy fire-fighting tasks, Ergonomics, 44, 766-780.
7. Bos, J., Kuijer, P. P. F. M. and Frings-Dresen, M. H. W. 2002, Definition and assessment of specific occupational demands concerning lifting, pushing, and pulling based on a systematic literature search, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59, 800-806.
8. Carter, J. B., Banister, E. W. and Morrison, J. B. 1999, Effectiveness of rest pauses and cooling in alleviation of heat stress during simulated fire-fighting activity, Ergonomics, 42, 299-313.
9. Claessens, P., Claessens, C., Claessens, M., Henderieckx, J. and Claessens, J. 2000, Physiological or pseudo-physiological ECG changes in endurance-trained athletes, Heart Vessels, 15, 181-190.
10. Davis, P. O., Biesner, R.J., Barnard, R. J. and Schamadan, J. 1982, Medical evaluation of fire-fighters. How fit are they for duty?, Medicine Science Sport and Exercise, 19, 179-185.
11. Efron, B. and Tibshirani, R, 1986, Bootstrap methods for standard errors, confidence intervals, and other measures of statistical accuracy, Statistical Science, 1, 54-77.
12. Frings-Dresen, M. H. W. and Kuijer, P. P. F. M. 1995, The TRAC system: an observation method for analysing work demands at the workplace, Safety Science, 21, 163-165.
13. Franklin, B. A., Fletcher, G. F., Gordon, N. F., Noakes, T. D., Ades, P. A. and Balady, G. J. 1997, Cardiovascular evaluation of the athlete. Issues regarding performance, screening and sudden cardiac death, Sports Medicine, 24, 97-119.
14. Garcin, M., Cravic, J. Y., Vandewalle, H. and Monod, H. 1996, Physiological strains while pushing or hauling, European Journal of Applied Physiology & Occupational Physiology, 72, 478-482.
15. Gilman, W. D. and Davis, P. O. 1993, Fire-fighting demands aerobic fitness, NFPA Journal, 87, 68-73.
16. Gledhill, N. and Jamnik, V. K. 1992, Characterization of the physical demands of fire-fighting, Canadian Journal of Sport Sciences, 17, 207-213.
17. Haas, N. S., Gochfeld, M. A., Robson, M. G. and Wartenberg, G. 2003, Latent health effects in firefighters, International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 9, 95-103.
18. Hoozemans, M. J. M., Burdorf, A., Van Der Beek, A. J. and Mathiassen, S. E. 2001, Group-based measurement strategies in exposure assessment explored by bootstrapping, Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment and Health, 27, 125-132.
19. Jensen-Urstad, M. 1995, Sudden death and physical activity in athletes and non-athletes, Medicine & Science in Sports, 5, 279-284.
20. Kales, S. N., Aldrich, J. M., Polyhronopoulous, G. N., Leitao, E. O., Artzerounian, D., Gassert, T. H., Hu, H., Kelsey, K. T., Sweet, C. and Christiani, D. C. 1999, Correlated of fitness for duty in hazardous materials fire-fighters, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 36, 618-629.
21. Karvonen, I., Kentela, E. and Mustala, G. 1957, The effects of training on heart rate. A longitudinal study, Annales Medicinae Experimentalis et Biologiae Fenniae, 35, 307-315.
22. Kemper, H. C. G., Van Aalst, R., Leegwater, A., Maas, S. and Knibbe, J. J. 1990, The physical and physiological workload of refuse collectors, Ergonomics, 1990, 1471-1486.
23. Kivimäki, M. and Lusa, S. 1994, Stress and cognitive performance of fire-fighters during smoke-diving, Stress Medicine, 10, 63-68.
24. Kuorinka, I. and Korhonen, O. 1981, Fire-fighters' reaction to alarm, an ECG and heart-rate study, Journal of Occupational Medicine, 23, 762-766.
25. Lavender, S. A., Conrad, K. M., Reichelt, P. A., Meyer, F. T. and Johnson, P. W. 2000a, Postural analysis of paramedics simulating frequently performed strenuous work tasks, Applied Ergonomics, 31, 45-57.
26. Lavender, S. A., Conrad, K. M., Reichelt, P. A., Johnson, P. W. and Meyer, F. T. 2000b, Biomechanical analyses of paramedics simulating frequently performed strenuous work tasks, Applied Ergonomics, 31, 167-177.
27. Louhevaara, V., Tuomi, T., Smolander, J., Korhonen, O., Tossavainen, A. and Jaakkola, J. 1985, Cardiorespiratory strain in jobs that require respiratory protection, International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 55, 195-206.
28. Louhevaara, V., Ilmarinen, R., Griefahn, B., Künemund, C. and Mäkinen, H. 1995, Maximum physical work performance with European standard based fire-protective clothing system and equipment in relation to individual characteristics, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 71, 223-229.
29. Lusa, S., Lohevaara, V., Smolander, J., Kinnunen K., Korhonen, O. and Soukainen, J. 1991, Biomechanical evaluation of heavy tool-handling in two age groups of firemen, Ergonomics, 34, 1429-1432.
30. Lusa, S., Louhevaara, V., Smolander, J., Kivimaki, M. and Korhonen, O. 1993, Physiological responses of fire-fighting students during simulated smoke-diving in the heat, American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 54, 228-231.
31. Mastromatteo, E. 1959, Mortality in city firemen: A study of mortality of firemen in a city fire department, Archives of Industrial Health, 20, 277-283.
32. Matticks, G. A., Westwater, J. J., Himel, H. N., Morgan, R. F. and Edlich, R. F. 1992, Health risks to fire-fighters, Journal of Burn Care and Rehabilitation, 13, 223-235.
33. Melius, J. M. 1995, Cardiovasculair disease among fire-fighters, Occupational Medicine, 10, 821-828.
34. Misner, J. E., Puttiger, P. H. J. and Boileau, R. A. 1987, Performance differences between males and females on simulated fire-fighting tasks, Journal of Occupational Medicine, 29, 801-805.
35. Mittleman, M. A., Maclure, M., Tofler, G. H., Sherwood, J. B., Goldberg, R. J. and Muller, J. E. 1993, Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion - Protection against triggering by regular exertion, The New England Journal of Medicine, 329, 1677-1683.
36. O'Connell, E. R., Thomas, P. C., Cady, L. D. and Karwasky, R. J. 1986, Energy costs of simulated stair climbing as a job-related task in fire-fighting, Journal of Occupational Medicine, 28, 282-284.
37. Oldham, J. A., Schofield, S., McAllighan, M. J. and Winstanley, J. 2000, An investigation of the validity of 'simulated' work-related tasks in relation to 'real life' situations in the fire service training environment, Occupational Medicine, 50, 599-607.
38. Orris, P., Melius, J. and Duffy, R. M. 1995, Fire-fighters' safety and health, Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews, Philadelphia: Hanley and Belfus; 747-762.
39. Petersen, S. R., Duncan, H. W., Williams, B. E. and McGarvey, W. J. 2000, The effects of hyperoxia on performance during simulated fire-fighting work, Ergonomics, 43, 210-222.
40. Puterbaugh, J. S. and Lawyer, C. H. 1983, Cardiovascular effects of an exercise program: a controlled study among firemen, Journal of Occupational Medicine, 25, 581-586.
41. Puttiger, P. H. J. 1994, De medische keuring bij gebruik van persluchtmaskers [Medical screening with respect to the use of self-contained breathing apparatus], PhD Thesis Rijksuniversiteit Groningen [in Dutch].
42. Romet, T. T. and Frim, J. 1987, Physiological responses to fire-fighting activities, European Journal of Applied Physiology & Occupational Physiology, 56, 633-638.
43. Saha, P. N. 1979, An acceptable workload for Indian workers, Ergonomics, 22, 1059-1071.
44. Smith, D. L., Petruzello, S. J., Kramer, J. M. and Misner, J. E. 1996, Physiological, psychophysical, and psychological responses of fire-fighters to fire-fighting training drills, Aviation Space & Environmental Medicine, 67, 1063-1068.
45. Smith, D. L., Petruzello, S. J., Kramer, J. M. and Misner, J. E. 1997, The effects of different thermal environments on the physiological responses of fire-fighters to a training drill, Ergonomics, 40, 500-510.
46. Smith, D. L. and Petruzello, S. J. 1998, Selected physiological and psychological responses to live-fire drills in different configurations of fire-fighting gear, Ergonomics, 41, 1141-1154.
47. Smith, D. L., Manning, T. S. and Petruzello, S. J. 2001, Effect of strenuous live-fire drills on cardiovascular and psychological responses of recruit fire-fighters, Ergonomics, 44, 244-254.
48. Sothmann, M., Saupe, K., Raven, P., Pawelczyk, J., Davis, P., Dotson, C., Landy, F. and Siliunas, M. 1991, Oxygen consumption during fire suppression: Error of heart rate estimation, Ergonomics, 34, 1469-1474.
49. Sothmann, M. S., Saupe, K., Jasenof, D. and Blaney, J. 1992, Heart rate response of fire-fighters to actual emergencies. Implications for cardiorespiratory fitness, Journal of Occupational Medicine, 34, 797-800.
50. Swain, D. P., Leutholtz, B. C., King, M. E., Haas, L. A. and Branch, J. D. 1998, Heart rate reserve is equivalent to %VO2 reserve, not to %VO2max, Medicine Science Sport and Exercise, 29, 410-414.
51. Van Ooij, P. J. A. M. 1998, Een zwaar beroep met hoge fysieke inspanningen [A heavy job requiring high physical exertion] Education for Work and Occupational Medicine 1994-1998, Leiden: NIA TNO [in Dutch].
52. Waters, T. R., Putz-Anderson, V., Garg, A. and Fine, L. J. 1993, Revised NIOSH equation for the design and evaluation of manual lifting tasks, Ergonomics, 36, 749-776.
53. White, M. K., Vercruyssen, M. and Hodous, T. K. 1989, Work tolerance and subjective responses to wearing protective clothing and respirators during physical work, Ergonomics, 32, 1111-1123.
54. Williford, H. N., Duey, W. J., Olson, M. S., Howard, R. and Wang, N. 1999, Relationship between fire-fighting suppression tasks and physical fitness, Ergonomics, 42, 1179-1186.
55. Wu, H.-C. and Wang, M.-J. J. 2001, Determining the maximum acceptable work duration for high-intensity work, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 85, 339-344.
56. Wu, H.-C. and Wang, M.-J. J. 2002, Relationship between maximum acceptable work time and physical workload, Ergonomics, 45, 280-289.