Delayed versus pushing in women with epidural analgesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Volumn 111, Issue 12, 2004, Pages 1333-1340

  Roberts, Christine L ^a   Torvaldsen, Siranda ^a   Cameron, Carolyn A ^a   Olive, Emily ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b ROYAL PRINCE ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BUPIVACAINE; FENTANYL;

APGAR SCORE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DYSPAREUNIA; EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA; EPISIOTOMY; FECES INCONTINENCE; FEMALE; FORCEPS; HUMAN; INSTRUMENTAL DELIVERY; LABOR; MATERNAL MORBIDITY; META ANALYSIS; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PELVIS FLOOR; PERINEUM INJURY; POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; DELIVERY; LABOR COMPLICATION; LABOR STAGE 1; METHODOLOGY; OBSTETRIC ANALGESIA; PAIN; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; TIME;

ANALGESIA, EPIDURAL; ANALGESIA, OBSTETRICAL; DELIVERY, OBSTETRIC; FEMALE; HUMANS; LABOR STAGE, FIRST; OBSTETRIC LABOR COMPLICATIONS; PAIN; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 11344274664     PISSN: 14700328     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00282.x     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. Leighton BL, Halpern SH. The effects of epidural analgesia on labor, maternal, and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186(Suppl 5):S69-S77.
2. Howell CJ. Epidural versus non-epidural analgesia for pain relief in labour. Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2001.
3. Thompson JF, Roberts CL, Currie MJ, Ellwood DE. The prevalence and persistence of health problems after childbirth: association with parity and method of birth. Birth 2002;29(2):83-94.
4. Brown S, Lumley J. Maternal health after childbirth: results of an Australian population based survey. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998; 105(2):156-161.
5. Eason E, Labrecque M, Wells G, Feldman P. Preventing perineal trauma during childbirth: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol 2000; 95(3):464-471.
6. Handa VL, Harris TA, Ostergard DR. Protecting the pelvic floor: obstetric management to prevent incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88(3):470-478.
7. MacArthur C, Bick DE, Keighley MR. Faecal incontinence after childbirth. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;104(1):46-50.
8. Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN, Thomas JM, Bartram CI. Anal-sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery. N Engl J Med 1993; 329(26):1905-1911.
9. Roberts CL, Algert CS, Carnegie M, Peat B. Operative delivery during labour: trends and predictive factors. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2002;16(2):115-123.
10. Goodfellow CF, Hull MG, Swaab DF, Dogterom J, Buijs RM. Oxytocin deficiency at delivery with epidural analgesia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1983;90(3):214-219.
11. Bates RG, Helm CW, Duncan A, Edmonds DK. Uterine activity in the second stage of labour and the effect of epidural analgesia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1985;92(12):1246-1250.
12. Mayberry LJ, Hammer R, Kelly C, True-Driver B, De A. Use of delayed pushing with epidural anesthesia: findings from a randomized, controlled trial. J Perinatol 1999;19(1):26-30.
13. Donnelly V, Fynes M, Campbell D, Johnson H, O'Connell PR, O'Herlihy C. Obstetric events leading to anal sphincter damage. Obstet Gynecol 1998;92(6):955-961.
14. Sleep J, Roberts J, Chalmers I. Care during the second stage of labour. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJN, editors. Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989: 1129-1144.
15. Spiby H. Early versus late pushing withepidural anaesthesia in 2nd stage of labour. In: Chalmers I, editor. Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials Version 1.3 Disk Issue 8, 1992.
16. Higgins JPT, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 2003;327:557-560.
17. DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 1986;7(3):177-188.
18. Smith ARB, James DK, Faragher EB, Gilfillan S. Continuous lumbar epidural analgesia in labour-does delayed pushing in the second stage reduce the incidence of instrumental delivery? J Obstet Gynaecol 1982;2:170-172.
19. Gleeson NC, Griffith AP. The management of the second stage of labour in primiparae with epidural analgesia. Br J Clin Pract 1991; 45(2):90-91.
20. Bruhn MA, Diemaes E. Delayed pushing and frequency of vacuum extraction in deliveries under lumbar epidural analgesia. Ugeskr Laeger 1990;152(49):3711-3713.
21. Manyonda IT, Shaw DE, Drife JO. The effect of delayed pushing in the second stage of labor with continuous lumbar epidural analgesia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1990;69(4):291-295.
22. Maresh M, Choong KH, Beard RW. Delayed pushing with lumbar epidural analgesia in labour. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1983;90(7): 623-627.
23. Buxton EJ, Redman CWE, Obhrai M. Delayed pushing with lumbar epidural in labour-does it increase the incidence of spontaneous delivery? J Obstet Gynaecol 1988;8:258-261.
24. Fitzpatrick M, Harkin R, McQuillan K, O'Brien C, O'Connell PR, O'Herlihy C. A randomised clinical trial comparing the effects of delayed versus immediate pushing with epidural analgesia on mode of delivery and faecal continence. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2002;109(12): 1359-1365.
25. Fraser WD, Marcoux S, Krauss I, Douglas J, Goulet C, Boulvain M. Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of delayed pushing for nulliparous women in the second stage of labor with continuous epidural analgesia. The PEOPLE (Pushing Early or Pushing Late with Epidural) Study Group. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;182(5): 1165-1172.
26. Goodfellow CF, Studd C. The reduction of forceps in primigravidae with epidural analgesia-a controlled trial. Br J Clin Pract 1979; 33(10):287-288.
27. Hansen SL, Clark SL, Foster JC. Active pushing versus passive fetal descent in the second stage of labor: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2002;99(1):29-34.
28. McQueen J, Myrlea L. Lumbar epidural analgesia in labour. BMJ 1977;1:640-641.
29. Plunkett BA, Lin A, Wong CA, Grobman WA, Peaceman AM. Management of the second stage of labor in nulliparas with continuous epidural analgesia. Obstet Gynecol 2003;102(1):109-114.
30. Vause S, Congdon HM, Thornton JG. Immediate and delayed pushing in the second stage of labour for nulliparous women with epidural analgesia: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998; 105(2):186-188.
31. Olofsson C, Ekblom A, Ekman-Ordeberg G, Irestedt L. Obstetric outcome following epidural analgesia with bupivacaine-adrenaline 0.25% or bupivacaine 0.125% with sufentanil-a prospective randomized controlled study in 1000 parturients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1998;42(3):284-292.
32. James KS, McGrady E, Quasim I, Patrick A. Comparison of epidural bolus administration of 0.25% bupivacaine and 0.1% bupivacaine with 0.0002% fentanyl for analgesia during labour. Br J Anaesth 1998;81(4):507-510.
33. Johanson RB, Menon BKV. Vacuum extraction versus forceps for assisted vaginal delivery [Cochrane review]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Oxford: Update Software, 2001.
34. Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN. Padendal nerve damage during labour: prospective study before and after childbirth. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1994;101(1):22-28.
35. Zetterstrom J, Lopez A, Anzen B, Norman M, Holmstrom B, Mellgren A. Anal sphincter tears at vaginal delivery: risk factors and clinical outcome of primary repair. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94(1): 21-28.
36. Viktrup L, Lose G, Rolff M, Barfoed K. The symptom of stress incontinence caused by pregnancy or delivery in primiparas. Obstet Gynecol 1992;79(6):945-949.
37. Allen RE, Hosker GL, Smith AR, Warrell DW. Pelvic floor damage and childbirth: a neurophysiological study [comment]. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1990;97(9):770-779.
38. Combs CA, Murphy EL, Laros Jr RK. Factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage with vaginal birth. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 77(1):69-76.
39. Lieberman E, Lang JM, Frigoletto Jr F, Richardson DK, Ringer SA, Cohen A. Epidural analgesia, intrapartum fever, and neonatal sepsis evaluation. Pediatrics 1997;99(3):415-419.
40. Menticoglou SM, Manning F, Harman C, Morrison I. Perinatal outcome in relation to second-stage duration. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995;173(3 Pt 1):906-912.
41. Myles TD, Santolaya J. Maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with a prolonged second stage of labor. Obstet Gynecol 2003;102(1):52-58.