메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 112, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 589-598

Personal exposure meets risk assessment: A comparison of measured and modeled exposures and risks in an urban community

Author keywords

Hazardous air pollutants; Personal exposure monitoring; Risk assessment; Urban communities

Indexed keywords

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND;

EID: 11244275549     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.6496     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (159)

References (49)
  • 1
    • 0030816551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An interagency partnership applied to the study of environmental health in the Low Rio Grande Valley of Texas
    • Akland GA, Schwab M, Zenick H, Pahl D. 1997. An interagency partnership applied to the study of environmental health in the Low Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Environ Int 23:595-609.
    • (1997) Environ. Int. , vol.23 , pp. 595-609
    • Akland, G.A.1    Schwab, M.2    Zenick, H.3    Pahl, D.4
  • 2
    • 0030753491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental and biomarker measurements in nine homes in the Lower Rio Grande Valley: Multimedia results for pesticides, metals, PAHs, and VOCs
    • Buckley TJ, Liddle J, Ashley DL, Paschal DC, Bursa VW, Needham LL, et al. 1997. Environmental and biomarker measurements in nine homes in the Lower Rio Grande Valley: multimedia results for pesticides, metals, PAHs, and VOCs. Environ Int 23(5):705-732.
    • (1997) Environ. Int. , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 705-732
    • Buckley, T.J.1    Liddle, J.2    Ashley, D.L.3    Paschal, D.C.4    Bursa, V.W.5    Needham, L.L.6
  • 3
    • 84957712719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VOC Exposure in an Industry-impacted Community. Draft Final Report
    • Houston, TX:Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center
    • Buckley TJ, Weaver VM, Payne-Sturges DC, Kim S. 2003. VOC Exposure in an Industry-impacted Community. Draft Final Report. Houston, TX:Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center.
    • (2003)
    • Buckley, T.J.1    Weaver, V.M.2    Payne-Sturges, D.C.3    Kim, S.4
  • 4
    • 0031901107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of health information to hazardous air pollutants modeled in EPA's Cumulative Exposure Project
    • Caldwell J, Woodruff TJ, Morello-Frosch R, Axelrad DA. 1998. Application of health information to hazardous air pollutants modeled in EPA's Cumulative Exposure Project. Toxicol Ind Health 14(3):429-454.
    • (1998) Toxicol. Ind. Health , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 429-454
    • Caldwell, J.1    Woodruff, T.J.2    Morello-Frosch, R.3    Axelrad, D.A.4
  • 5
    • 16544393798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cal EPA. Sacramento, CA:California Environmental Protection Agency. Available: [accessed 19 September 2002]
    • Cal EPA. 2002. Toxicity Criteria Database. Sacramento, CA:California Environmental Protection Agency. Available: http://www.oehha.ca.gov/ [accessed 19 September 2002].
    • (2002) Toxicity Criteria Database
  • 6
    • 0033568999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a passive sampler for volatile organic compounds at ppb concentrations, varying temperatures, and humidities with 24-h exposures
    • Chung C, Morandi MT, Stock TH, Afshar M. 1999. Evaluation of a passive sampler for volatile organic compounds at ppb concentrations, varying temperatures, and humidities with 24-h exposures. Environ Sci Technol 33:3661-3665.
    • (1999) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.33 , pp. 3661-3665
    • Chung, C.1    Morandi, M.T.2    Stock, T.H.3    Afshar, M.4
  • 7
    • 0032721031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS): Distributions and associations of lead, arsenic and volatile organic compounds in EPA Region 5
    • Clayton CA, Pellizzari ED, Whitmore RW, Perritt RL, Quackenboss JJ. 1999. National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS): distributions and associations of lead, arsenic and volatile organic compounds in EPA Region 5. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 9(5):381-392.
    • (1999) J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. , vol.9 , Issue.5 , pp. 381-392
    • Clayton, C.A.1    Pellizzari, E.D.2    Whitmore, R.W.3    Perritt, R.L.4    Quackenboss, J.J.5
  • 8
    • 16544381176 scopus 로고
    • Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Public Law
    • Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. 1990. Public Law 101-549.
    • (1990) , pp. 101-549
  • 9
    • 0024855638 scopus 로고
    • Indoor/outdoor measurements of volatile organic compounds in the Kanawha Valley of West Virginia
    • Cohen M, Ryan B, Ozkaynak H, Epstein P. 1989. Indoor/outdoor measurements of volatile organic compounds in the Kanawha Valley of West Virginia. J Air Pollut Control Assoc 39:1086-1093.
    • (1989) J. Air Pollut. Control. Assoc. , vol.39 , pp. 1086-1093
    • Cohen, M.1    Ryan, B.2    Ozkaynak, H.3    Epstein, P.4
  • 10
    • 16544376036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental Defense. New York:Environmental Defense. Available: [accessed 13 November 2001]
    • Environmental Defense. 2001. Scorecand. New York:Environmental Defense. Available: http://www.scorecard.org [accessed 13 November 2001].
    • (2001) Scorecand
  • 12
    • 0031917953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of personal exposure to monoaromatic hydrocarbons
    • Leung PL, Harrison RM. 1998. Evaluation of personal exposure to monoaromatic hydrocarbons. Occup Environ Med 55(4):249-257.
    • (1998) Occup. Environ. Med. , vol.55 , Issue.4 , pp. 249-257
    • Leung, P.L.1    Harrison, R.M.2
  • 13
    • 0025718404 scopus 로고
    • Sources of air pollutants indoors: VOC and fine particulate species
    • Lewis C. 1991. Sources of air pollutants indoors: VOC and fine particulate species. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 1:31-44.
    • (1991) J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. , vol.1 , pp. 31-44
    • Lewis, C.1
  • 14
    • 0025173047 scopus 로고
    • Assessing total human exposure to contaminants
    • Lioy P. 1990. Assessing total human exposure to contaminants. Environ Sci Technol 24(7):938-945.
    • (1990) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.24 , Issue.7 , pp. 938-945
    • Lioy, P.1
  • 15
    • 0031872127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to toxic air contaminants in environmental tobacco smoke: An assessment for California based on personal monitoring data
    • Miller SL, Branoff S, Nazarof WW. 1998. Exposure to toxic air contaminants in environmental tobacco smoke: an assessment for California based on personal monitoring data. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 8(3):287-311.
    • (1998) J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 287-311
    • Miller, S.L.1    Branoff, S.2    Nazarof, W.W.3
  • 16
    • 0003878389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental Justice and California's Riskscape: The Distribution of Air Toxics and Associated Cancer and Non-cancer Health Risks Among Diverse Communities
    • [PhD Thesis]. Berkeley, CA:University of California, Berkeley
    • Morello-Frosch R. 1997. Environmental Justice and California's Riskscape: The Distribution of Air Toxics and Associated Cancer and Non-cancer Health Risks Among Diverse Communities [PhD Thesis]. Berkeley, CA:University of California, Berkeley.
    • (1997)
    • Morello-Frosch, R.1
  • 17
    • 0034046311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air toxics and health risks in California: The public health implications of outdoor concentrations
    • Morello-Frosch RA, Woodruff T, Axelrad D, Caldwell J. 2000. Air toxics and health risks in California: the public health implications of outdoor concentrations. Risk Analysis 20:273-291.
    • (2000) Risk Analysis , vol.20 , pp. 273-291
    • Morello-Frosch, R.A.1    Woodruff, T.2    Axelrad, D.3    Caldwell, J.4
  • 18
    • 0003420882 scopus 로고
    • Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process
    • National Research Council. Washington, DC:National Academy Press
    • National Research Council. 1983. Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process. Washington, DC:National Academy Press.
    • (1983)
  • 19
    • 0028606537 scopus 로고
    • VOCs in representative Canadian residences
    • Otson R, Fellin P, Tran Q. 1994. VOCs in representative Canadian residences. Atmos Environ 28(22):3563-3569.
    • (1994) Atmos. Environ. , vol.28 , Issue.22 , pp. 3563-3569
    • Otson, R.1    Fellin, P.2    Tran, Q.3
  • 20
    • 0025458871 scopus 로고
    • Total human exposure: Basic concepts, EPA field studies and future research needs
    • Ott W. 1990. Total human exposure: basic concepts, EPA field studies and future research needs. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 40(7):966-975.
    • (1990) J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. , vol.40 , Issue.7 , pp. 966-975
    • Ott, W.1
  • 22
    • 0029584780 scopus 로고
    • Human exposure assessment: The birth of a new science
    • Ott W. 1995. Human exposure assessment: the birth of a new science. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 5(4):449-472.
    • (1995) J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 449-472
    • Ott, W.1
  • 23
    • 0032742657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Human Exposure Assessment Survey: Exploratory survey of exposure among population subgroups in EPA Region V
    • Pellizzari E, Perritt R, Clayton C. 1999. National Human Exposure Assessment Survey: exploratory survey of exposure among population subgroups in EPA Region V. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 9(1):49-55.
    • (1999) J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-55
    • Pellizzari, E.1    Perritt, R.2    Clayton, C.3
  • 26
    • 0024457868 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of concentrations of volatile organic compounds in selected German homes
    • Seifert B, Mailahn W, Schulz C, Ullrich D. 1989. Seasonal variation of concentrations of volatile organic compounds in selected German homes. Environ Int 15:397-408.
    • (1989) Environ. Int. , vol.15 , pp. 397-408
    • Seifert, B.1    Mailahn, W.2    Schulz, C.3    Ullrich, D.4
  • 27
    • 0028802207 scopus 로고
    • Informed decisions about protecting and promoting public health: Rationale for a national exposure assessment survey
    • Sexton K, Callahan M, Bryan E, Saint C, Wood W. 1995. Informed decisions about protecting and promoting public health: rationale for a national exposure assessment survey. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 5(3):233-256.
    • (1995) J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 233-256
    • Sexton, K.1    Callahan, M.2    Bryan, E.3    Saint, C.4    Wood, W.5
  • 28
    • 0003584226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States Census 2000
    • U.S. Census Bureau. Washington, DC:U.S. Census Bureau. Available: [accessed 26 August 2003]
    • U.S. Census Bureau. 2003. United States Census 2000. Washington, DC:U.S. Census Bureau. Available: http://www.census.gov [accessed 26 August 2003].
    • (2003)
  • 29
    • 0001372175 scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. FR Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • U.S. EPA. 1986. Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. 51 FR 33992-34003. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
    • (1986) Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment , vol.51 , pp. 33992-34003
  • 30
    • 0003593373 scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. EPA 600/6-87/002a. NTIS PB 88-100060. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • U.S. EPA. 1987. The TEAM Study: Summary and Analysis: Volume I. EPA 600/6-87/002a. NTIS PB 88-100060. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
    • (1987) The TEAM Study: Summary and Analysis: Volume I
  • 33
    • 0003662518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. NCEA-F-0644. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment
    • U.S. EPA. 1999. Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. NCEA-F-0644. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment.
    • (1999) Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment
  • 34
    • 16544364651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. NCEA-F-0644. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: [accessed 1 March 2003]
    • U.S. EPA. 2000a. Air Toxics. NCEA-F-0644. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/hapindex.html [accessed 1 March 2003].
    • (2000) Air Toxics
  • 35
    • 16544365882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: [accessed 8 December 2000]
    • U.S. EPA. 2000b. AIRData. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: http://www.epa.gov/air/data [accessed 8 December 2000].
    • (2000) AIRData
  • 36
    • 16544382098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. Research Triangle Park, NC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
    • U.S. EPA. 2000c. ASPEN Model 1996 Base-Year Data Compact Disk. Research Triangle Park, NC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards.
    • (2000) ASPEN Model 1996 Base-Year Data Compact Disk
  • 37
    • 0004104069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: [accessed 23 October 2003]
    • U.S. EPA. 2000d. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: http://www.epa.gov/iris/index.html [accessed 23 October 2003].
    • (2000) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
  • 38
    • 16544374027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: [accessed 9 January 2001]
    • U.S. EPA. 2001. National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment for 1996 EPA Science Advisory Board Review. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/sab/sabrev.html#A1 [accessed 9 January 2001].
    • (2001) National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment for 1996 EPA Science Advisory Board Review
  • 39
    • 13844301623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: [accessed 3 November 2003]
    • U.S. EPA. 2002 National-Scale Air Toxics. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/nata.html [accessed 3 November 2003].
    • (2002) National-Scale Air Toxics
  • 40
    • 0142098904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. (External Review Draft, February 2003). NCEA-F-0644A. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Forum. Available: [accessed 2 October 2003]
    • U.S. EPA. 2003 Draft Final Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (External Review Draft, February 2003). NCEA-F-0644A. Washington, DC:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Forum. Available: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/raf/recordisplay.cfm?deid=55445 [accessed 2 October 2003].
    • (2003) Draft Final Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment
  • 41
    • 0024422956 scopus 로고
    • Major sources of benzene exposure
    • Wallace LA. 1989. Major sources of benzene exposure. Environ Health Perspect 82:165-169.
    • (1989) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.82 , pp. 165-169
    • Wallace, L.A.1
  • 42
    • 0025196961 scopus 로고
    • Major sources of exposure to benzene and other volatile organic chemicals
    • Wallace LA. 1990. Major sources of exposure to benzene and other volatile organic chemicals. Risk Analysis 10(1):59-64.
    • (1990) Risk Analysis , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-64
    • Wallace, L.A.1
  • 43
    • 0026321907 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of risk from outdoor and indoor exposure to toxic chemicals
    • Wallace LA. 1991. Comparison of risk from outdoor and indoor exposure to toxic chemicals. Environ Health Perspect 95:7-13.
    • (1991) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.95 , pp. 7-13
    • Wallace, L.A.1
  • 44
    • 0027315371 scopus 로고
    • A decade of studies of human exposure: What have we learned?
    • Wallace LA. 1993. A decade of studies of human exposure: what have we learned? Risk Anal 13(2):135-139.
    • (1993) Risk Anal. , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 135-139
    • Wallace, L.A.1
  • 45
    • 0028231215 scopus 로고
    • Can long-term exposure distributions be predicted from short-term measurements?
    • Wallace LA, Duan N, Ziegenfus R. 1994. Can long-term exposure distributions be predicted from short-term measurements? Risk Anal 14(1):75-85.
    • (1994) Risk. Anal. , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 75-85
    • Wallace, L.A.1    Duan, N.2    Ziegenfus, R.3
  • 46
    • 0022404327 scopus 로고
    • Personal exposures, indoor-outdoor relationships and breath levels of toxic air pollutants measured for 355 persons in New Jersey
    • Wallace LA, Pellizzari E, Hartwell T, Sparacino C, Sheldon L, Zelon H. 1985. Personal exposures, indoor-outdoor relationships and breath levels of toxic air pollutants measured for 355 persons in New Jersey. Atmos Environ 19:1651-1661.
    • (1985) Atmos. Environ. , vol.19 , pp. 1651-1661
    • Wallace, L.A.1    Pellizzari, E.2    Hartwell, T.3    Sparacino, C.4    Sheldon, L.5    Zelon, H.6
  • 47
    • 2942667278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing exposure to air toxics relative to asthma
    • Weisel CP. 2002. Assessing exposure to air toxics relative to asthma. Environ Health Perspect 110(suppl 4):527-537.
    • (2002) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.110 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 527-537
    • Weisel, C.P.1
  • 49
    • 0033627377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating cancer risk from outdoor concentrations of hazardous air pollutants in 1990
    • Woodruff T, Caldwell J, Cogliano V, Axelrad D. 2000. Estimating cancer risk from outdoor concentrations of hazardous air pollutants in 1990. Environ Res 82:194-206.
    • (2000) Environ. Res. , vol.82 , pp. 194-206
    • Woodruff, T.1    Caldwell, J.2    Cogliano, V.3    Axelrad, D.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.