메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 42, Issue 7, 2004, Pages 709-717

The determination of urea in soil extracts and related samples - A review

Author keywords

Diacetyl monoxime; Fertilisers; Flow injection analysis; Microplate; Urease

Indexed keywords

ENZYMES; HYDROLYSIS; SOILS; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY;

EID: 10844234899     PISSN: 00049573     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/SR04028     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (28)

References (85)
  • 1
    • 0024035583 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination of urea and ammonia nitrogen in soil extracts and water by high performance liquid chromatography
    • Abshahi A, Goyal SS, Mikkelsen DS (1988) Simultaneous determination of urea and ammonia nitrogen in soil extracts and water by high performance liquid chromatography. Soil Science Society of America Journal 52, 969-973.
    • (1988) Soil Science Society of America Journal , vol.52 , pp. 969-973
    • Abshahi, A.1    Goyal, S.S.2    Mikkelsen, D.S.3
  • 2
    • 0030222846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of equipment for the determination of nutrients in marine waters: A case study of the microplate technique
    • doi: 10.1006/ECSS.1996.0073
    • Aminot A (1996) Assessment of equipment for the determination of nutrients in marine waters: A case study of the microplate technique. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 43, 327-334. doi: 10.1006/ECSS.1996.0073
    • (1996) Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science , vol.43 , pp. 327-334
    • Aminot, A.1
  • 3
    • 0020722163 scopus 로고
    • Determination of ammonium, nitrate, and urea nitrogen in fertilizer by gas-phase molecular absorption spectrometry
    • Anigbogu VC, Dietz ML, Syty A (1983) Determination of ammonium, nitrate, and urea nitrogen in fertilizer by gas-phase molecular absorption spectrometry. Analytical Chemistry 55, 535-539.
    • (1983) Analytical Chemistry , vol.55 , pp. 535-539
    • Anigbogu, V.C.1    Dietz, M.L.2    Syty, A.3
  • 4
    • 0025163715 scopus 로고
    • Kinetic determination of urea in serum by stopped-flow spectrophotometry
    • doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82772-5
    • Anton S, Gutierrez MC, Gomez-Hens A, Perez-Bendito D (1990) Kinetic determination of urea in serum by stopped-flow spectrophotometry. Analytica Chimica Acta 230, 145-150. doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82772-5
    • (1990) Analytica Chimica Acta , vol.230 , pp. 145-150
    • Anton, S.1    Gutierrez, M.C.2    Gomez-Hens, A.3    Perez-Bendito, D.4
  • 5
    • 10844236357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 959.03; Urea in fertilizers
    • (Ed. W Horwitz) Ch. 2, Association of Official Analytical Chemists: Gaithersburg, MD
    • AOAC (2000a) 959.03; Urea in fertilizers. In 'Official methods of analysis of AOAC International'. 17th edn (Ed. W Horwitz) Ch. 2, p. 18. (Association of Official Analytical Chemists: Gaithersburg, MD)
    • (2000) 'Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International'. 17th Edn , pp. 18
  • 6
    • 10844292556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 983.01; Urea and methyleneureas (water-soluble) in fertilizers
    • (Ed. W Horwitz) Ch. 2, Association of Official Analytical Chemists: Gaithersburg, MD
    • AOAC (2000b) 983.01; Urea and methyleneureas (water-soluble) in fertilizers. In 'Official methods of analysis of AOAC International'. 17th edn (Ed. W Horwitz) Ch. 2, pp. 18-19. (Association of Official Analytical Chemists: Gaithersburg, MD)
    • (2000) Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International'. 17th Edn , pp. 18-19
  • 7
    • 0011843881 scopus 로고
    • Determination of free urea in fertilizers containing urea formaldehyde polymers
    • Barbera A, Canepa D (1977) Determination of free urea in fertilizers containing urea formaldehyde polymers. Journal Association of Official Analytical Chemists 60, 708-709.
    • (1977) Journal Association of Official Analytical Chemists , vol.60 , pp. 708-709
    • Barbera, A.1    Canepa, D.2
  • 8
    • 0011929962 scopus 로고
    • A new application of microplate reader in oceanography: Colorimetric assays to determine some nitrogen forms
    • Baudinet D, Galgani F (1991) A new application of microplate reader in oceanography: colorimetric assays to determine some nitrogen forms. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 33, 459-466.
    • (1991) Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science , vol.33 , pp. 459-466
    • Baudinet, D.1    Galgani, F.2
  • 9
    • 0001046189 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen-urea
    • Eds AL Page, RH Miller, DR Keeney. American Society of Agronomy/Soil Science Society of America: Madison, WI
    • Bremner JM (1982) Nitrogen-urea. In 'Methods of soil analysis. Part 2, Chemical and microbial properties'. 2nd edn (Eds AL Page, RH Miller, DR Keeney) pp. 699-709. (American Society of Agronomy/Soil Science Society of America: Madison, WI)
    • (1982) 'Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2, Chemical and Microbial Properties'. 2nd Edn , pp. 699-709
    • Bremner, J.M.1
  • 10
    • 0029435465 scopus 로고
    • Recent research on problems in the use of urea as a nitrogen fertilizer
    • Bremner JM (1995) Recent research on problems in the use of urea as a nitrogen fertilizer. Fertilizer Research 42, 321-329.
    • (1995) Fertilizer Research , vol.42 , pp. 321-329
    • Bremner, J.M.1
  • 11
    • 0001775427 scopus 로고
    • Urease activity in soils
    • Ed. RG Burns. Academic Press: London
    • Bremner JM, Mulvaney RL (1978) Urease activity in soils. In 'Soil enzymes'. (Ed. RG Burns) pp. 149-196. (Academic Press: London)
    • (1978) Soil Enzymes , pp. 149-196
    • Bremner, J.M.1    Mulvaney, R.L.2
  • 12
    • 37049109950 scopus 로고
    • Mechanistic studies in the chemistry of urea. Part 8. Reactions of urea, 1-methylurea, and 1,3-methylurea with some acyloins and butane-2,3-dione (diacetyl) in acidic solution
    • Butler AR, Hussain I (1981) Mechanistic studies in the chemistry of urea. Part 8. Reactions of urea, 1-methylurea, and 1,3-methylurea with some acyloins and butane-2,3-dione (diacetyl) in acidic solution. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2. Physical Organic Chemistry 2, 310-316.
    • (1981) Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2. Physical Organic Chemistry , vol.2 , pp. 310-316
    • Butler, A.R.1    Hussain, I.2
  • 13
    • 0019505407 scopus 로고
    • The chemistry of diacetyl monoxime assay of urea in biological fluids
    • doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(81)90459-9
    • Butler AR, Hussain I, Leitch E (1981) The chemistry of diacetyl monoxime assay of urea in biological fluids. Clinica Chimica Acta 112, 357-360. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(81)90459-9
    • (1981) Clinica Chimica Acta , vol.112 , pp. 357-360
    • Butler, A.R.1    Hussain, I.2    Leitch, E.3
  • 14
    • 0019901488 scopus 로고
    • Colorimetric non-enzymatic methods for the determination of urea
    • doi: 10.1016/0165-9936(82)80011-3
    • Butler AR, Walsh D (1982) Colorimetric non-enzymatic methods for the determination of urea. Trends in Analytical Chemistry 1, 120-124. doi: 10.1016/0165-9936(82)80011-3
    • (1982) Trends in Analytical Chemistry , vol.1 , pp. 120-124
    • Butler, A.R.1    Walsh, D.2
  • 15
    • 10844263343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A microplate method for determination of urea and its use in studies of nitrogen mineralisation in growing media
    • ISHS
    • Carlile WR, Dickinson K (1997) A microplate method for determination of urea and its use in studies of nitrogen mineralisation in growing media. Acta Horticulturae 450, 71-78 [ISHS].
    • (1997) Acta Horticulturae , vol.450 , pp. 71-78
    • Carlile, W.R.1    Dickinson, K.2
  • 16
    • 10844294158 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination of urea and biuret. Amperometric method
    • Chatterjee SS, Sanyal RM (1972) Simultaneous determination of urea and biuret. Amperometric method. Technology 9, 118-122.
    • (1972) Technology , vol.9 , pp. 118-122
    • Chatterjee, S.S.1    Sanyal, R.M.2
  • 18
    • 0001498027 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination of ammonia and urea with an asymmetric merging zones/flow-injection configuration
    • doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(00) 81952-2
    • Cosano JS, Calle JL, Pinillos JL, Linares P, Luque de Castro MD (1989) Simultaneous determination of ammonia and urea with an asymmetric merging zones/flow-injection configuration. Analytica Chimica Acta 221, 173-177. doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(00) 81952-2
    • (1989) Analytica Chimica Acta , vol.221 , pp. 173-177
    • Cosano, J.S.1    Calle, J.L.2    Pinillos, J.L.3    Linares, P.4    Luque De Castro, M.D.5
  • 21
    • 0013134881 scopus 로고
    • Colorimetric determination of microgram quantities of urea
    • Douglas LA, Bremner JM (1970b) Colorimetric determination of microgram quantities of urea. Analytical Letters 3, 79-87.
    • (1970) Analytical Letters , vol.3 , pp. 79-87
    • Douglas, L.A.1    Bremner, J.M.2
  • 22
    • 0012414058 scopus 로고
    • A rapid method of evaluating different compounds as inhibitors of urease activity in soils
    • doi: 10.1016/0038-0717(71)90040-X
    • Douglas LA, Bremner JM (1971) A rapid method of evaluating different compounds as inhibitors of urease activity in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 3, 309-315. doi: 10.1016/0038-0717(71)90040-X
    • (1971) Soil Biology and Biochemistry , vol.3 , pp. 309-315
    • Douglas, L.A.1    Bremner, J.M.2
  • 23
  • 24
    • 10844255713 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the urea content in garden soil by a rapid method
    • Drews M, Geyer B (1971) Determination of the urea content in garden soil by a rapid method. Deutsche Gartenbau 18, 128-130.
    • (1971) Deutsche Gartenbau , vol.18 , pp. 128-130
    • Drews, M.1    Geyer, B.2
  • 26
    • 1842382622 scopus 로고
    • Rapid determination of urea hydrolysis and nitrification in potting media
    • Elliot GC (1988) Rapid determination of urea hydrolysis and nitrification in potting media. HortScience 23, 853-856.
    • (1988) HortScience , vol.23 , pp. 853-856
    • Elliot, G.C.1
  • 28
    • 0036284830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analytical methodology for the determination of urea: Current practice and future trends
    • doi: 10.1016/S0165-9936(02)00507-1
    • Francis PS, Lewis SW, Lim KF (2002) Analytical methodology for the determination of urea: current practice and future trends. Trends in Analytical Chemistry 21, 389-400. doi: 10.1016/S0165-9936(02)00507-1
    • (2002) Trends in Analytical Chemistry , vol.21 , pp. 389-400
    • Francis, P.S.1    Lewis, S.W.2    Lim, K.F.3
  • 31
    • 10844250118 scopus 로고
    • Rapid determination of bound nitrogen in the form of an ammonium ion or urea using the hypobromite ion. I. Spectrophotometric methods
    • Halász A, Polyák K, Ifcsics M (1973a) Rapid determination of bound nitrogen in the form of an ammonium ion or urea using the hypobromite ion. I. Spectrophotometric methods. Acta Chimica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 78, 129-133.
    • (1973) Acta Chimica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae , vol.78 , pp. 129-133
    • Halász, A.1    Polyák, K.2    Ifcsics, M.3
  • 33
    • 10844262501 scopus 로고
    • Rapid determination of bound nitrogen in the form of an ammonium ion or urea using the hypobromite ion. II. Thermometric methods
    • Halász A, Rusz-Szórád J, Ifcsics M (1973b) Rapid determination of bound nitrogen in the form of an ammonium ion or urea using the hypobromite ion. II. Thermometric methods. Acta Chimica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 78, 135-138.
    • (1973) Acta Chimica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae , vol.78 , pp. 135-138
    • Halász, A.1    Rusz-Szórád, J.2    Ifcsics, M.3
  • 35
    • 0002421428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making recommendations based on soil tests
    • Eds KI Peverill, LA Sparrow, DJ Reuter. CSIRO: Collingwood, Vic.
    • Helyar KR, Price GH (1999) Making recommendations based on soil tests. In 'Soil analysis; an interpretation manual'. (Eds KI Peverill, LA Sparrow, DJ Reuter) pp. 331-357. (CSIRO: Collingwood, Vic.)
    • (1999) Soil Analysis; An Interpretation Manual , pp. 331-357
    • Helyar, K.R.1    Price, G.H.2
  • 36
    • 2542420033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liquid chromatographic determination of urea in water-soluble urea-formaldehyde fertilizer products and in aqueous urea solutions: Collaborative study
    • Hojjatie MM, Abrams DE, Parham TM Jr (2004) Liquid chromatographic determination of urea in water-soluble urea-formaldehyde fertilizer products and in aqueous urea solutions: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC International 87, 346-351.
    • (2004) Journal of AOAC International , vol.87 , pp. 346-351
    • Hojjatie, M.M.1    Abrams, D.E.2    Parham Jr., T.M.3
  • 37
    • 0343162187 scopus 로고
    • Spectrophotometric determination of urea, thiourea, and certain of their substitution products with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and diacetyl monoxime
    • Hoseney RC, Finney KF (1964) Spectrophotometric determination of urea, thiourea, and certain of their substitution products with p- dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and diacetyl monoxime. Analytical Chemistry 36, 2145-2148.
    • (1964) Analytical Chemistry , vol.36 , pp. 2145-2148
    • Hoseney, R.C.1    Finney, K.F.2
  • 38
    • 0028484870 scopus 로고
    • Determination of trace amounts of urea by using flow injection with chemiluminescence detection
    • doi: 10.1039/AN9941901829
    • Hu X, Takenaka N, Kitano M, Bandow H, Maeda Y, Hattori M (1994a) Determination of trace amounts of urea by using flow injection with chemiluminescence detection. Analyst 119, 1829-1833. doi: 10.1039/AN9941901829
    • (1994) Analyst , vol.119 , pp. 1829-1833
    • Hu, X.1    Takenaka, N.2    Kitano, M.3    Bandow, H.4    Maeda, Y.5    Hattori, M.6
  • 39
    • 84998434100 scopus 로고
    • Sensitive determination of humic acid in natural water by chemiluminescence-flow injection method
    • Hu X, Kitano M, Takenaka N, Bandow H, Maeda Y, Zhang D (1994b) Sensitive determination of humic acid in natural water by chemiluminescence-flow injection method. Bunseki Kagaku 43, 1077-1082.
    • (1994) Bunseki Kagaku , vol.43 , pp. 1077-1082
    • Hu, X.1    Kitano, M.2    Takenaka, N.3    Bandow, H.4    Maeda, Y.5    Zhang, D.6
  • 40
    • 0002828946 scopus 로고
    • Miniaturization of solid-phase reactors for on-line post-column derivatization in narrow-bore liquid chromatography
    • Jansen H, Brinkman UAT, Frei RW (1985) Miniaturization of solid-phase reactors for on-line post-column derivatization in narrow-bore liquid chromatography. Chromatographia 20, 453-460.
    • (1985) Chromatographia , vol.20 , pp. 453-460
    • Jansen, H.1    Brinkman, U.A.T.2    Frei, R.W.3
  • 41
    • 0346914158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potentiometric flow injection analysis (FIA) system with reactor based on natural urease source and tubular detector of ammonium ions. Determination of urea in fertilizers
    • Júnior LR, De Oliveira Neto G, Lima JLFC, Montenegro MCBSM, Silva VL (1997) Potentiometric flow injection analysis (FIA) system with reactor based on natural urease source and tubular detector of ammonium ions. Determination of urea in fertilizers. Analytical Sciences 13, 589-594.
    • (1997) Analytical Sciences , vol.13 , pp. 589-594
    • Júnior, L.R.1    De Oliveira Neto, G.2    Lima, J.L.F.C.3    Montenegro, M.C.B.S.M.4    Silva, V.L.5
  • 42
    • 1842804909 scopus 로고
    • Urea
    • Eds AJ Pesce, LA Kaplan, DJ Reuter. C.V. Mosby: St. Louis, MO
    • Kaplan LA (1987) Urea. In 'Methods in clinical chemistry'. (Eds AJ Pesce, LA Kaplan, DJ Reuter) pp. 22-26. (C.V. Mosby: St. Louis, MO)
    • (1987) Methods in Clinical Chemistry , pp. 22-26
    • Kaplan, L.A.1
  • 43
    • 1942468408 scopus 로고
    • Determination and isotope ratio analysis of various nitrogen compounds in soils. VII. Urea
    • Keeney DR, Bremner JM (1967) Determination and isotope ratio analysis of various nitrogen compounds in soils. VII. Urea. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 31, 317-321.
    • (1967) Soil Science Society of America Proceedings , vol.31 , pp. 317-321
    • Keeney, D.R.1    Bremner, J.M.2
  • 44
    • 0014539255 scopus 로고
    • Thiosemicarbazide modification of the Fearon reaction and its use for quantitative determination of urea
    • Khramov VA, Galaev YV (1969) Thiosemicarbazide modification of the Fearon reaction and its use for quantitative determination of urea. Voprosy Meditsinskoi Khimii 15, 435-439.
    • (1969) Voprosy Meditsinskoi Khimii , vol.15 , pp. 435-439
    • Khramov, V.A.1    Galaev, Y.V.2
  • 45
    • 4243422371 scopus 로고
    • Extraction and colorimetric determination of urea in plants
    • Kyllingsbaek A (1975) Extraction and colorimetric determination of urea in plants. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica 25, 109-112.
    • (1975) Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica , vol.25 , pp. 109-112
    • Kyllingsbaek, A.1
  • 46
    • 10844239749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urea in fertilizers
    • Lachat Instruments
    • Lachat Instruments (1999) Urea in fertilizers. QuikChem Method 14-206-00-4-A, Lachat Instruments.
    • (1999) QuikChem Method 14-206-00-4-A
  • 47
    • 10844247152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urea in brackish and seawater
    • Lachat Instruments
    • Lachat Instruments (2001) Urea in brackish and seawater. QuikChem Method 31-206-00-1-A, Lachat Instruments.
    • (2001) QuikChem Method 31-206-00-1-A
  • 48
    • 0037067071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring urea levels during haemodialysis with a pulsed-flow chemiluminescence analyser
    • doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(02)00249-0
    • Lewis SW, Francis PS, Lim KF, Jenkins GE (2002) Monitoring urea levels during haemodialysis with a pulsed-flow chemiluminescence analyser. Analytica Chimica Acta 461, 131-139. doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(02)00249-0
    • (2002) Analytica Chimica Acta , vol.461 , pp. 131-139
    • Lewis, S.W.1    Francis, P.S.2    Lim, K.F.3    Jenkins, G.E.4
  • 49
    • 0033929680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple method to determine urea concentration using intact Helicobacter pylori and BromoCresol Purple as a pH indicator
    • doi: 10.1023/A:1005614501420
    • Lin Y-L, Chen C-T, Lin S-C, Lee C, Kuo H-S, Shih C-M, Hsu Y-H, Chin Y-P, Chan E-C (2000) A simple method to determine urea concentration using intact Helicobacter pylori and BromoCresol Purple as a pH indicator. Biotechnology Letters 22, 1077-1079. doi: 10.1023/A:1005614501420
    • (2000) Biotechnology Letters , vol.22 , pp. 1077-1079
    • Lin, Y.-L.1    Chen, C.-T.2    Lin, S.-C.3    Lee, C.4    Kuo, H.-S.5    Shih, C.-M.6    Hsu, Y.-H.7    Chin, Y.-P.8    Chan, E.-C.9
  • 51
    • 0033029276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling urea, ammonium, and nitrate transport and transformations in flooded soil columns
    • doi: 10.1097/00010694-199902000-00007
    • Ma L, Lindau CW, Hongprayoon C, Burhan W, Jang BC, Patrick WH Jr, Selim HM (1999) Modeling urea, ammonium, and nitrate transport and transformations in flooded soil columns. Soil Science 164, 123-132. doi: 10.1097/00010694- 199902000-00007
    • (1999) Soil Science , vol.164 , pp. 123-132
    • Ma, L.1    Lindau, C.W.2    Hongprayoon, C.3    Burhan, W.4    Jang, B.C.5    Patrick Jr., W.H.6    Selim, H.M.7
  • 52
    • 85012363715 scopus 로고
    • Determination of ammonium salts and urea in industrial fertilizers
    • Marecek J, Pavlik P, Kosarkova J (1975) Determination of ammonium salts and urea in industrial fertilizers. Chemicky Prumysl 25, 69-71.
    • (1975) Chemicky Prumysl , vol.25 , pp. 69-71
    • Marecek, J.1    Pavlik, P.2    Kosarkova, J.3
  • 53
    • 0004558012 scopus 로고
    • Review of methods for determining urea nitrogen in biological fluids
    • Martinek RG (1969) Review of methods for determining urea nitrogen in biological fluids. Journal of the American Medical Technologists 31, 678-696.
    • (1969) Journal of the American Medical Technologists , vol.31 , pp. 678-696
    • Martinek, R.G.1
  • 54
    • 10844230970 scopus 로고
    • Handling and storage of soil samples for preservation of inorganic nitrogen
    • Brazilian Review of Soil Science
    • Mattos Júnior D, Cantarella H, van Raij B (1995) Handling and storage of soil samples for preservation of inorganic nitrogen. Revisa Brasileira de Ciencia do Solo 19, 423-431 [Brazilian Review of Soil Science].
    • (1995) Revisa Brasileira de Ciencia Do Solo , vol.19 , pp. 423-431
    • Mattos Júnior, D.1    Cantarella, H.2    Van Raij, B.3
  • 55
    • 0344724489 scopus 로고
    • Determination of urea in fertilizers using ion chromatography coupled with conductometric detection
    • Menconi DE (1985) Determination of urea in fertilizers using ion chromatography coupled with conductometric detection. Analytical Chemistry 57, 1790-1792.
    • (1985) Analytical Chemistry , vol.57 , pp. 1790-1792
    • Menconi, D.E.1
  • 57
    • 84872327287 scopus 로고
    • A modified diacetyl monoxime method for colorimetric determination of urea in soil extracts
    • Mulvaney RL, Bremner JM (1979a) A modified diacetyl monoxime method for colorimetric determination of urea in soil extracts. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 10, 1163-1170.
    • (1979) Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis , vol.10 , pp. 1163-1170
    • Mulvaney, R.L.1    Bremner, J.M.2
  • 58
    • 10844258908 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen-urea. Modified diacetyl monoxime method
    • (Eds AL Gage, RH Miller, DR Keeney) (American Society of Agronomy/Soil Science Society of America: Madison, WI)
    • Mulvaney RL, Bremner JM (1979b) Nitrogen-urea. Modified diacetyl monoxime method. In 'Methods of soil analysis, Part 2; Chemical and microbiological properties'. (Eds AL Gage, RH Miller, DR Keeney) (American Society of Agronomy/Soil Science Society of America: Madison, WI)
    • (1979) Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2; Chemical and Microbiological Properties
    • Mulvaney, R.L.1    Bremner, J.M.2
  • 60
    • 0002848513 scopus 로고
    • Colorimetric determinations of exchangeable ammonium, urea, nitrate, and nitrite in a single soil extract
    • Onken AB, Sunderman HD (1977) Colorimetric determinations of exchangeable ammonium, urea, nitrate, and nitrite in a single soil extract. Agronomy Journal 69, 49-53.
    • (1977) Agronomy Journal , vol.69 , pp. 49-53
    • Onken, A.B.1    Sunderman, H.D.2
  • 62
    • 0031443233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen speciation analysis in solid samples by integrated pervaporation and detection
    • doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(97)00422-4
    • Papaefstathiou I, Luque de Castro MD (1997) Nitrogen speciation analysis in solid samples by integrated pervaporation and detection. Analytica Chimica Acta 354, 135-142. doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(97)00422-4
    • (1997) Analytica Chimica Acta , vol.354 , pp. 135-142
    • Papaefstathiou, I.1    Luque De Castro, M.D.2
  • 64
    • 10844224462 scopus 로고
    • A modification of Douglas and Bremner method for colorimetric estimation of urea
    • Praveen K, Aggarwal RK (1989) A modification of Douglas and Bremner method for colorimetric estimation of urea. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 20, 2171-2176.
    • (1989) Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis , vol.20 , pp. 2171-2176
    • Praveen, K.1    Aggarwal, R.K.2
  • 65
    • 34250097990 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of methods for the analysis of dissolved urea in seawater
    • Price NM, Harrison PJ (1987) Comparison of methods for the analysis of dissolved urea in seawater. Marine Biology 94, 307-319.
    • (1987) Marine Biology , vol.94 , pp. 307-319
    • Price, N.M.1    Harrison, P.J.2
  • 66
    • 0018940217 scopus 로고
    • Improvements in the determination of urea using diacetyl monoxime: Methods with and without deprotonisation
    • doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(80)90407-6
    • Rahmatullah M, Boyde TRC (1980) Improvements in the determination of urea using diacetyl monoxime: methods with and without deprotonisation. Clinica Chimica Acta 107, 3-9. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(80)90407-6
    • (1980) Clinica Chimica Acta , vol.107 , pp. 3-9
    • Rahmatullah, M.1    Boyde, T.R.C.2
  • 67
    • 84932931147 scopus 로고
    • Spectrophotometric determination of urea in soil and vegetables
    • Rotini OT, Riffaldi R, Navari-Izzo F (1970) Spectrophotometric determination of urea in soil and vegetables. Agrochimica 14, 469-479.
    • (1970) Agrochimica , vol.14 , pp. 469-479
    • Rotini, O.T.1    Riffaldi, R.2    Navari-Izzo, F.3
  • 69
    • 85012325380 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous coulometric determination of urea and ammonium ions in the presence of salts
    • Schilbach U, Kirmse EM (1978) Simultaneous coulometric determination of urea and ammonium ions in the presence of salts. Chemia Analityczna 23, 1025-1028.
    • (1978) Chemia Analityczna , vol.23 , pp. 1025-1028
    • Schilbach, U.1    Kirmse, E.M.2
  • 70
    • 10844239750 scopus 로고
    • Using p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde for extraction and colorimetric determination of urea in soil
    • Schulz H (1975) Using p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde for extraction and colorimetric determination of urea in soil. Archiv fuer Acker-und Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde 19, 397-400.
    • (1975) Archiv fuer Acker-und Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde , vol.19 , pp. 397-400
    • Schulz, H.1
  • 71
    • 10844270452 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of spectrophotometric determination of urea and urea-nitrogen with Kjeldahl's and a urease method
    • Singh K, Saksena VP (1979) Comparison of spectrophotometric determination of urea and urea-nitrogen with Kjeldahl's and a urease method. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 13, 1-6.
    • (1979) Indian Journal of Agricultural Research , vol.13 , pp. 1-6
    • Singh, K.1    Saksena, V.P.2
  • 72
    • 0003042592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen
    • Eds KI Peverill, LA Sparrow, DJ Reuter CSIRO: Collingwood, Vic.
    • Strong WM, Mason MG (1999) Nitrogen. In 'Soil analysis: an interpretation manual'. (Eds KI Peverill, LA Sparrow, DJ Reuter) pp. 171-185. (CSIRO: Collingwood, Vic.)
    • (1999) Soil Analysis: An Interpretation Manual , pp. 171-185
    • Strong, W.M.1    Mason, M.G.2
  • 75
    • 0016256010 scopus 로고
    • Chemical analysis by the measurement of reaction rates. II. Conductivity method for the determination of urea using urease
    • Tagami S, Matsuba A, Sawada T, Nakano T, Shiho D (1974) Chemical analysis by the measurement of reaction rates. II. Conductivity method for the determination of urea using urease. Yakugaku Zasshi 94, 1384-1388.
    • (1974) Yakugaku Zasshi , vol.94 , pp. 1384-1388
    • Tagami, S.1    Matsuba, A.2    Sawada, T.3    Nakano, T.4    Shiho, D.5
  • 76
    • 0026513247 scopus 로고
    • Analytical reviews in clinical biochemistry: The estimation of urea
    • Taylor AJ, Vadgama P (1992) Analytical reviews in clinical biochemistry: the estimation of urea. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 29, 245-264.
    • (1992) Annals of Clinical Biochemistry , vol.29 , pp. 245-264
    • Taylor, A.J.1    Vadgama, P.2
  • 77
    • 0342739861 scopus 로고
    • Determination of urea by ion chromatography with an immobilized urease reactor
    • doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)84391-3
    • Uchiyama S, Tohfuku Y, Suzuki S, Muto G (1985) Determination of urea by ion chromatography with an immobilized urease reactor. Analytica Chimica Acta 174, 313-316. doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)84391-3
    • (1985) Analytica Chimica Acta , vol.174 , pp. 313-316
    • Uchiyama, S.1    Tohfuku, Y.2    Suzuki, S.3    Muto, G.4
  • 78
    • 10844267394 scopus 로고
    • Color reaction of urea with diacetyl monoxime and glucuronolactone. I. On the reaction of urea derivatives with diacetyl monoxime and glucuronolactone
    • Ueda Y, Uchida J, Kuroki J, Toyonaga K, Watanabe Y, Momose T (1968) Color reaction of urea with diacetyl monoxime and glucuronolactone. I. On the reaction of urea derivatives with diacetyl monoxime and glucuronolactone. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 16, 2442-2446.
    • (1968) Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin , vol.16 , pp. 2442-2446
    • Ueda, Y.1    Uchida, J.2    Kuroki, J.3    Toyonaga, K.4    Watanabe, Y.5    Momose, T.6
  • 81
    • 0001441418 scopus 로고
    • Spectrophotometric method for determination of urea
    • Watt GW, Crisp JD (1954) Spectrophotometric method for determination of urea. Analytical Chemistry 26, 452-453.
    • (1954) Analytical Chemistry , vol.26 , pp. 452-453
    • Watt, G.W.1    Crisp, J.D.2
  • 82
    • 0001215727 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen use and losses in agriculture in subtropical Australia
    • Weier KL (1994) Nitrogen use and losses in agriculture in subtropical Australia. Fertilizer Research 39, 245-257.
    • (1994) Fertilizer Research , vol.39 , pp. 245-257
    • Weier, K.L.1
  • 83
  • 84
    • 84947886733 scopus 로고
    • A urea fiber optic biosensor based on absorption measurement
    • Xie X, Suleiman AA, Guilbault GG (1990) A urea fiber optic biosensor based on absorption measurement. Analytical Letters 23, 2143-2153.
    • (1990) Analytical Letters , vol.23 , pp. 2143-2153
    • Xie, X.1    Suleiman, A.A.2    Guilbault, G.G.3
  • 85
    • 85010125744 scopus 로고
    • Clinical analysis of urea nitrogen. Chemical structure of the colored reaction product of urea with diacetylmonoxime and thiosemicarbazide
    • Yuki H, Ohmura T, Kawasaki H, Yajima T, Saito K (1981) Clinical analysis of urea nitrogen. Chemical structure of the colored reaction product of urea with diacetylmonoxime and thiosemicarbazide. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 29, 1096-1100.
    • (1981) Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 1096-1100
    • Yuki, H.1    Ohmura, T.2    Kawasaki, H.3    Yajima, T.4    Saito, K.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.