Rural girls in Fargo during the 1930s

Agricultural History

Volumn 76, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 659-668

  Danbom, David B ^a  

^a NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GENDER ROLE; RURAL SOCIETY; TWENTIETH CENTURY;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES; WESTERN HEMISPHERE; WORLD;

EID: 10844226545     PISSN: 00021482     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/ah.2002.76.4.659     Document Type: Review

References (31)

1. "Officers Assemble Clues to Hit-Run Killer's Identity." "Speeding Auto Strikes Down Fargo Woman on River Span," and "New Job Had Come for Girl on Day of Death," Fargo Forum 56 (1 December 1933): 1, 5. and Police Record, City of Fargo, 1930-1944, book I, 101, 109, North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies (hereafter NDIRS), North Dakota State University.
2. "Officers Assemble Clues to Hit-Run Killer's Identity." "Speeding Auto Strikes Down Fargo Woman on River Span," and "New Job Had Come for Girl on Day of Death," Fargo Forum 56 (1 December 1933): 1, 5. and Police Record, City of Fargo, 1930-1944, book I, 101, 109, North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies (hereafter NDIRS), North Dakota State University.
3. Joanne J. Meyerowitz, Women Adrift: Independent Wage Earners in Chicago, 1881-1930 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988). and Christine Stansell, City of Women: Sex and Class in New York, 1789-1860 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987)
4. Joanne J. Meyerowitz, Women Adrift: Independent Wage Earners in Chicago, 1881-1930 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988). and Christine Stansell, City of Women: Sex and Class in New York, 1789-1860 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987)
5. Bureau of the Census, Fifteenth Census of the United States: 1930. Population, Montana-Wyoming, vol. 3, pt. 2 (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1932), 427.
6. Deborah Fink, Agrarian Women: Wives and Mothers in Rural Nebraska, 1880-1940 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992), and Carrie Young, Nothing to Do But Stay: My Pioneer Mother (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1991): 32.
7. Deborah Fink, Agrarian Women: Wives and Mothers in Rural Nebraska, 1880-1940 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992), and Carrie Young, Nothing to Do But Stay: My Pioneer Mother (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1991): 32.
8. For the desirability of retail jobs for young women, see Susan Porter Benson. Counter Cultures: Saleswomen, Managers, and Customers in American Department Stores, 1890-1940 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986).
9. Frieda Oster is the name I have assigned to a woman who has given her diaries to the North Dakota Institute for Regional Studies on condition that her identity not be revealed until after her death. North Dakota Woman's Diaries, Mss. 214, NDIRS.
10. Beatrice Duval, interview by author, Fargo, North Dakota, 18 July 1998.
11. Census Bureau, Fifteenth Census, Montana-Wyoming, 443. and Jean-Cameron Heller Shupiems, interview by author, Fargo, North Dakota, 24 June 1998.
12. Census Bureau, Fifteenth Census, Montana-Wyoming, 443. and Jean-Cameron Heller Shupiems, interview by author, Fargo, North Dakota, 24 June 1998.
13. For the operation of these agencies see the untitled document in Collection 493, "Child Welfare," in the Chester Fritz Library at the University of North Dakota, "Open House. Nov. 1st 1935," 1937 Scrapbook, A E. Clauson, "Luther Hall - A Home for Girls," Minutes of Meetings of Budget Committee, 1936-1938, and "Since You and I Parted, " May 1938, 1938 and 1939 Scrapbook, United Way Collection, NDIRS.
14. For the operation of these agencies see the untitled document in Collection 493, "Child Welfare," in the Chester Fritz Library at the University of North Dakota, "Open House. Nov. 1st 1935," 1937 Scrapbook, A E. Clauson, "Luther Hall - A Home for Girls," Minutes of Meetings of Budget Committee, 1936-1938, and "Since You and I Parted, " May 1938, 1938 and 1939 Scrapbook, United Way Collection, NDIRS.
15. For the operation of these agencies see the untitled document in Collection 493, "Child Welfare," in the Chester Fritz Library at the University of North Dakota, "Open House. Nov. 1st 1935," 1937 Scrapbook, A E. Clauson, "Luther Hall - A Home for Girls," Minutes of Meetings of Budget Committee, 1936-1938, and "Since You and I Parted, " May 1938, 1938 and 1939 Scrapbook, United Way Collection, NDIRS.
16. "Maid's Night Out, Cause For Majority Of Trouble With Domestics, Cline Finds," Fargo (Sunday) Forum 31 (12 March 1939): 13, and Eva Nelson, "Depressing Years," Eva Nelson's Memoirs, Mss. 218, Folder 11, Box 1, NDIRS. For a discussion of maids' work and wages see David B. Danbom, "Who Gets to Work? Men, Women, and the Morality of Work in Fargo During the Great Depression" (paper presented at the Northern Great Plains History Conference. Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 2 October 1998).
17. "Maid's Night Out, Cause For Majority Of Trouble With Domestics, Cline Finds," Fargo (Sunday) Forum 31 (12 March 1939): 13, and Eva Nelson, "Depressing Years," Eva Nelson's Memoirs, Mss. 218, Folder 11, Box 1, NDIRS. For a discussion of maids' work and wages see David B. Danbom, "Who Gets to Work? Men, Women, and the Morality of Work in Fargo During the Great Depression" (paper presented at the Northern Great Plains History Conference. Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 2 October 1998).
18. "Maid's Night Out, Cause For Majority Of Trouble With Domestics, Cline Finds," Fargo (Sunday) Forum 31 (12 March 1939): 13, and Eva Nelson, "Depressing Years," Eva Nelson's Memoirs, Mss. 218, Folder 11, Box 1, NDIRS. For a discussion of maids' work and wages see David B. Danbom, "Who Gets to Work? Men, Women, and the Morality of Work in Fargo During the Great Depression" (paper presented at the Northern Great Plains History Conference. Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 2 October 1998).
19. Nelson, "Depressing Years," 3-4.
20. Bill Snyder, interview by author, Fargo, North Dakota, 20 February 2000.
21. Lucille Duval, interview by author, Fargo, North Dakota, 18 July 1998.
22. Nelson, "Depressing Years," 2, and North Dakota Woman's Diary, 18 January 1937.
23. Nelson, "Depressing Years," 2, and North Dakota Woman's Diary, 18 January 1937.
24. Shupienis interview, and North Dakota Woman's Diary, 30 November 1939.
25. Shupienis interview, and North Dakota Woman's Diary, 30 November 1939.
26. Mary Neth, "Leisure and Generational Change: Farm Youths in the Midwest, 1920-1940," Agricultural History 67 (Spring 1993) 163-85. Neth, Preserving the Family Farm: Women, Community, and the Foundations of Agribusiness in the Midwest, 1900-1940 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995), examines the economic and social constraints under which rural women operated.
27. Mary Neth, "Leisure and Generational Change: Farm Youths in the Midwest, 1920-1940," Agricultural History 67 (Spring 1993) 163-85. Neth, Preserving the Family Farm: Women, Community, and the Foundations of Agribusiness in the Midwest, 1900-1940 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995), examines the economic and social constraints under which rural women operated.
28. William C. Sherman, "The Dakota Environment," in Plains Folk: North Dakota's Ethnic History, ed. William C. Sherman and Playford V. Thorson (Fargo: NDIRS, 1988): 3-4.
29. North Dakota Woman's Diary, 11 March 1937, 24 July 1938. 12 April 1937, 16 March 1937, NDIRS
30. O. Latham Hatcher, Rurul Girls in the City for Work (Richmond: Garnett and Massie, 1930), 40, 42, 51, 84, 86.
31. Ibid., 96-98.