Pre-instrumental earthquakes in a low-seismicity region: A reinvestigation of the macroseismic data for the 16 November 1931 events in Central Finland using statistical analysis

Journal of Seismology

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 71-90

  Mäntyniemi, Päivi ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

Author keywords

Correspondence analysis; Factor analysis; Intensity assessment; Intraplate seismicity; Macroseismic questionnaires

Indexed keywords

AFTERSHOCK; EARTHQUAKE; INTRAPLATE PROCESS; SEISMICITY; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EURASIA; EUROPE; FINLAND; NORTHERN EUROPE; SCANDINAVIA;

EID: 10744228263     PISSN: 13834649     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/B:JOSE.0000009501.13091.2d     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Aalto, E-L., 1985, The early stages of the local press, History of the Finnish press 4, Kustannuskiila Oy, Kuopio, pp. 19-106 (in Finnish).
2. Ambraseys, N.N., 1985, The seismicity of western Scandinavia, Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 13, 361-399.
3. Bock, R.D. and Lieberman, M., 1970, Fitting a response model for n dichotomously scored items, Psychometrika 35, 179-197.
4. Bottari, A., Lo Giudice, E. and Spadea, M.C., 1980, Critical considerations on the evaluation of macroseismic effects, Ann. Goef. 33, 261-280.
5. Burton, P.W., Musson, R.M.W. and Neilson, G., 1984, Studies of historical British earthquakes, Br. Geol. Survey Gl. Seism. Rep. 237.
6. Cecić, I., 1994, Macroseismic practice in Slovenia, Natural Hazards 10, 59-64.
7. Christoffersson, A., 1975, Factor analysis of dichotomized variables. Psychometrika 40, 5-32.
8. Cifelli, F., Donati, S., Funiciello, F. and Tertulliani, A., 1999, High-density macroseismic survey in urban areas. Part 1: proposal for a methodology and its application to the city of Rome, Ann. Geof. 42, 99-114.
9. Cifelli, F., Donati, S., Funiciello, F. and Tertulliani, A., 2000, High-density macroseismic survey in urban areas, Part 2: Results for the City of Rome, Italy, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 90, 298-311.
10. Dengler, L.A. and Dewey, J.W., 1998, An intensity survey of households affected by the Northridge, California, earthquake of 17 January 1994, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 88, 44-462.
11. Derr, J.S., 1973, Earthquake lights: a review of observations and present theories, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 63, 2177-2187.
12. De Rubeis, V., Gasparini, C. and Tosi, P., 1992, Determination of the macroseismic field by means of trend and multivariate analysis of questionnaire data, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 82, 1206-1222.
13. Eiby, G.A., 1966, The Modified Mercalli scale of earthquake intensity and its use in New Zealand, N.Z. J. Geol. Geophys. 9, 122-129.
14. Gasparini, C., De Rubeis, V. and Tentulliani, A., 1992, A method for the analysis of macroseismic questionnaires, Natural Hazards 5, 169-177.
15. Grünthal, G. (ed.), 1993, European Macroseismic Scale 1992 (up-dated MSK-scale), Cahiers du Centre Européen de Géodynamique et de Séismologie 7, Luxembourg.
16. Grünthal, G. (ed.), 1998, European Macroseismic Scale 1998, Cahiers du Centre Européen de Géodynamique et de Séismologie 15, Luxembourg.
17. Hill, M.O., 1974, Correspondence analysis: a neglected multivariate method, Appl. Statist. 23, 340-354.
18. Hill, D.P., Fischer, F.G., Lahr, K.M. and Coakley, J.M., 1976, Earthquake sounds generated by body-wave ground motion, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 66, 1159-1172.
19. Hough, S.E., Armbruster, J.G., Seeber, L. and Hough, J.F. 2000, On the Modified Mercalli intensities and magnitudes of the 1811-1812 New Madrid earthquakes, J. Geophys. Res. 105, 23,839-23,864.
20. Jöreskog, K.G. and Sörbom, D., 1989, LISREL 7 User's reference guide, Scientific Software, Inc.
21. Karjalainen, T., 1936, The earthquake in Central Finland on 18 [sic] XI 1931, Fennia 61(2), 88 pp. (in German).
22. Kayano, I., 1990, Distribution of various effects and damages caused by earthquakes and of seismic intensities on the basis of questionnaire surveys: a newly developed group survey method. Bull, Earthq. Res. Inst., Univ. Tokyo 65, 463-519.
23. Kebeasy, T.R.M. and Husebye, E.S., 2003, Revising the 1759 Kattegat earthquake questionnaires using synthetic wavefield analysis (submitted).
24. Keränen, J. Väisälä, V. (eds.), 1933, Meteorological Observations in Finland in 1931, Helsinki (in Finnish).
25. Korhonen, V.V. (ed.), 1932, Rain Observations in Finland in 1931, Helsinki (in Finnish).
26. Lebart, L., Marineau, A. and Warwick, K.M., 1984, Multivariate Descriptive Statistical Analysis, Wiley, New York, 231 pp.
27. Luosto, U., Lanne, E., Korhonen, H., Guterch, A., Grad, M., Materzok, R. and Perchuc, E., 1984, Deep structure of the Earth's crust on the SVEKA profile in central Finland, Ann. Geophys. 2, 559-570.
28. Mäntyniemi, P. and Mustila, L., 1998, Macroseismic Observations in Finland 1991-1997, Report R-63, Inst. Seismology, Univ. Helsinki, 28 pp.
29. Melville, C.P., 1984, Reflections on the late earthquake in North Wales on 19th July 1984, Disasters 8, 165-168.
30. Muir Wood, R., Woo, G., Bungum, H., 1988, The history of earthquakes in the northern North Sea. In: Lee, W.H.K., Meyers, H. and Shimazaki, K. (eds.), Historical Seismograms and Earthquakes of the World, Academic Press, Inc., pp. 297-306.
31. Musson, R.M.W., 1986, The use of newspaper data in historical earthquake studies, Disasters 10, 217-223.
32. Musson, R.M.W., 1996, Determination of parameters for historical British earthquakes, Ann. Geofis. 39, 1041-1047.
33. Mustonen, S., 1992, SURVO Art Integrated Environment for Statistical Computing and Related Areas, Survo Systems, Helsinki University Printing House, Finland, 494 pp.
34. Mustonen, S., 1995, Statistical Multivariate Methods, Survo Systems, Helsinki University Printing House. Finland, 205 pp. (in Finnish).
35. Nygånd, T. and Salokangas, R., 1987, Press between the general strike and winter war. History of the Finnish press 2, Kustannuskiila Oy, Kuopio (in Finnish).
36. Population structure, Population, The Central Statistical Office in Finland(in Finnish: Väestö-tilastoa, Väestösuhteet vuonna 1931, Suomen Virallinen Tilasto), Helsinki, 1932.
37. Ringdal, F. Husebye, E.S., Sandvin, O.A. and Christoffersson, A., 1978. Statistical test theory in the analysis of macroseismic questionnaires, Tectonophysics 49, 161-170.
38. Ripley, B.D., 1981, Spatial Statistics, Wiley, New York, 252 pp.
39. Satô, Y., 1948, Relation between seismic intensity and epicentral distance (1), Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., Univ. Tokyo 26, 91-94.
40. Schweikert, D.G., 1966, An interpolating curve using a spline in tension, J. Math. Physics 45, 312-317.
41. Sieberg, A., 1923, Erdbebenkunde, Fisher, Jena (MCS-scale pp. 102-104).
42. Simon, R.B., 1976, Role of the California seismic observer, Calif. Geol. 29, 56-59.
43. Smith, W.H.F. and Wessel, P., 1990, Gridding with continuous curvature splines in tension, Geophysics 55, 293-305.
44. Stiermann, D.J., 1980, Earthquake sounds and animal cues; some field observations, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 70, 639-643.
45. St-Laurent, F., 2000, The Saguenay, Québec, earthquake lights of November 1988-January 1989. Seism. Res. Lett. 71. 160-174.
46. Tertulliani, A., Cecić, I. and Godec, M., 1999, Unification of macroseismic data collection procedure: a pilot project for border earthquakes assessment, Natural Hazards 10, 221-232.
47. Tosi, P., De Rubeis, V., Tertulliani, A. and Gasparini, C., 2000, Spatial patterns of earthquake sounds and seismic source geometry, Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 2749-2752.
48. Tsukuda, T., 1997, Sizes and some features of luminous sources associated with the 1995 Hyogo ken Nanbu earthquake, J. Phys. Earth 45, 73-82.
49. Wahlström, R. and Ahjos T., 1984, Magnitude determination of earthquakes in the Baltic Shield. Ann. Geophys. 2, 553-558.
50. Wald, D.J., Quitoriano, V., Dengler, L.A. and Dewey, J.W., 1999, Utilization of the Internet for rapid community intensity maps, Seism. Res. Lett. 70, 680-697.
51. Wessel, P. and Smith, W.H.F., 1998, New, improved version of Generic Mapping Tools released, Eos Trans., AGU 79, 579.
52. Websites: http://www.quakes.bgs.ac.uk/hazard/escmacl.htm#software