Use of the net metabolizable energy values for labeling of infant formulas and foods - Potential issues

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Volumn 18, Issue 2-3, 2005, Pages 223-239

  MacLean Jr , William C ^a,b,c  

^a ABBOTT LABORATORIES   (United States)

^b OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Energy density; Infant; Net metabolizable energy

Indexed keywords

CARBOHYDRATE; FAT; GLUCOSE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; LACTOSE; OLIGOSACCHARIDE; SOYBEAN PROTEIN;

ARTIFICIAL MILK; BABY FOOD; BREAST FEEDING; BREAST MILK; CALCULATION; CALORIC INTAKE; DIARRHEA; DIGESTION; ENERGY CONVERSION; ENERGY EXPENDITURE; FECES ANALYSIS; FOOD ANALYSIS; FOOD COMPOSITION; FOOD PACKAGING; HUMAN; NEWBORN INFECTION; NUTRIENT; NUTRITIONAL VALUE; REVIEW; THERMOGENESIS; WEIGHT GAIN; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

EID: 10644293308     PISSN: 08891575     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2003.10.006     Document Type: Short Survey

References (26)

1. Aggett P.J. Agstoni C. Goulet O. et al. The nutritional and safety assessment of breast milk substitutes and other dietary products for infants: A commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 32 2001 256-258
2. Barr R.G. Hanley J. Patterson D.K. Wooldridge J. Breath hydrogen excretion in normal newborn infants in response to usual feeding patterns: Evidence for "functional lactase insufficiency" beyond the first month of life Journal of Pediatrics 104 1984 527-533
3. Beach R.C. Menzies I. Determination of lactulose and soya oligosaccharides in infant formula milk feeds Journal of Dairy Research 53 1986 293-299
4. Butte N.F. Wong W.W. Hopkinson J.M. Heinz C.J. Mehta N.R. O'Brian Smith E. Energy requirement derived from total energy expenditure and energy deposition during the first 2 y of life American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 72 2000 1558-1569
5. Butte N. 2002. Personal communication
6. Codex 1981. Standard for Foods for Infants and Children
7. Coppa G.V. Pierani P. Zampini L. et al. Lactose, oligosaccharide and monosaccharide content of milk from mothers delivering preterm newborns over the first month of lactation Minerva Pediatrica 49 1997 471-475
8. Davidson L.A. Lönnerdal B. Persistence of human milk proteins in the breast-fed infant Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica 76 1987 733-740
9. Fomon S.J. Nutrition of Normal Infants 1993 Mosby St Louis
10. Food and Drug Administration, 1985. 21 CFR 107, Subpart D-Nutrient requirements for infant formulas. 107.100 - Nutrient specifications
11. Hendrickse R.J. Wooldridge M.A. Russell A. Lactulose in baby milks causing diarrhoea simulating lactose intolerance British Medical Journal 1 1977 1194-1195
12. Leblanc M.H. The physical environment In: Fanaroff A. Martin R.J. (Eds.) Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Diseases of the Fetus and Infant 7th Edition. 2002 Mosby St. Louis
13. Lifschitz C.H. O'Brian E.O. Garza C. Delayed complete functional lactase sufficiency in breast-fed infants Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2 1983 478-482
14. Livesey G. A perspective on food energy standards for nutrition labelling British Journal of Nutrition 85 2001 271-287
15. Livesey G. 2004a. Energy terminology and analytical methods, a review. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, in press
16. Livesey G. 2004b. A case for net metabolizable energy (NME). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, in press
17. Lucas A. Ewing G. Roberts S.B. Coward W.A. How much energy does the breast fed infant consume and expend? British Medical Journal 295 1987 75-77
18. MacLean Jr. W.C. Klein G.L. Lopez de Romaña et al. 1978. Transient steatorrhea following episodes of mild diarrhea in early infants. Journal of Pediatrics 92, 562-566
19. MacLean Jr W.C. Fink B.B. Schoeller D.A. et al. Lactose assimilation by full-term infants. Relation of [13C] and H2 breath tests with fecal [13C] excretion Pediatric Research 7 1983 629-633
20. Mcveagh P. Miller J.B. Human milk oligosaccharides: Only the breast Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 33 1997 281-286
21. Merrill A. Watt B. 1973. Energy Value of Foods...basis and derivation. Agricultural Handbook No. 74. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture
22. Montalto M.B. Benson J.D. Martinez G.A. Nutrient intakes of formula-fed infants and infants fed cow's milk Pediatrics 75 1985 343-351
23. Roberts S.J. Young V.R. Energy costs of fat and protein deposition in the human infant American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 48 1988 951-955
24. Shulman R.J. Wong W.W. Irving C.S. et al. Utilization of dietary cereal by young infants Journal of Pediatrics 103 1983 23-28
25. Warwick P.M. Baines J. Point of view: Energy factors for food labelling and other purposes should be derived in a consistent fashion for all food components British Journal of Nutrition 84 2000 897-902
26. Watt B. Merrill, 1975. Composition of foods. Agricultural Handbook No. 8. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture