Is there a new paradigm of dryland development?

Annals of Arid Zone

Volumn 42, Issue 3-4, 2003, Pages 459-481

  Mortimore, Michael ^a  

^a Drylands Research   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Desertification; Drylands; Investment; Livelihoods; Natural resources; Success stories

Indexed keywords

EID: 10644233262     PISSN: 05701791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (77)

1. Amin, S. (Ed.) 1974. Modern Migrations in West Africa. Oxford University Press, for the International African Institute, Oxford.
2. Anderson, J., Bryceson, D., Campbell, B., Chitundu, G., Clarke, J., Drinkwater, M., Fakir, S., Frost, P., Gambiza, J., Grundy, I., Hagmann, J., Jones, B., Jones, G.W., Kowero, G., Luckert, M., Mortimore, M., Phiri, A.D.K., Potgieter, P., Shackleton, S., and Williams, T. 2003. Chance, change and choice in Africa's Drylands. A New Perspective on Policy Priorities? CIFOR, Bogor.
3. Anglo-French Forestry Commission 1937. Report of the Anglo-French Forestry Commission, December 1936-February 1937. Nigeria Sessional paper No 37 of 1937, Government of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria.
4. Ariyo, J.A., Voh, J.P. and Ahmed, B. 2001. Long-term change in food provisioning and marketing in the Kano Region. Drylands Research Working Paper 34. Drylands Research, Crewkerne, United Kingdom.
5. Aubréville, A. 1949. Climats, forêts et dé sertification de l'Afrique tropicale. Société d'Editions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris.
6. Baier, S. 1980. An Economic History of Central Niger. The Clarendon Press, Oxford.
7. Behnke, R.H., Scoones, I. and Kerven, C. (Eds.) 1993. Range Ecology at Disequilibrium. New Models of Natural Variability and Pastoral Adaptation in African Savannas. Overseas Development Institute, London.
8. Berry, L., Olson, J., Campbell, D. and Santibanez, F. 2003. Case Studies: Impact and Costs of Land Degradation (Draft Reports). Global Mechanism of the CCD, Rome.
9. Boserup, E. 1965. The Conditions of Agricultural Growth: The Economics of Agricultural Change Under Population Pressure. Allen and Unwin, London.
10. Bovill, E.W. 1921. The encroachment of the Sahara on the Sudan. Journal of the African Society 20: 174,259-185, 269.
11. Bryceson, D.F. 2002. The scramble for Africa: Reorienting livelihoods. World Development 30/5: 725-739.
12. Buonajuti, A. 1991. External evaluation of the plan of action to combat desertification. Desertification Control Bulletin 20: 30-34.
13. Collier, F.S. and Dundas, J. 1937. The arid regions of Northern Nigeria and the French Niger Colony. Empire Forestry Journal 16: 184-194.
14. Crewe, E. and Young, J. 2002. Bridging research and policy: Context, evidence and links. ODI Working Paper 173. Overseas Development Institute, London.
15. Cruise O'Brien, C. 1971. The Mourides of Senegal: the Political and Economic Organization of an Islamic Brotherhood. The Clarendon Press, Oxford.
16. DDC, 2003. A new integrated Drylands Develppment Programme. Nairobi, Drylands Development Centre, United Nations Development Programme.
17. DDC 2003a. Land Tenure Reform and the Drylands. The Global Drylands Imperative Second Challenge Paper Series. United Nations Development Programme Drylands Development Centre, Nairobi.
18. DDC 2003b. Pastoralism and Mobility in the Drylands. The Global Drylands Imperative Second Challenge Paper Series. United Nations Development Programme Drylands Development Centre, Nairobi.
19. de Waal, A. 1989. The Famine that Kills: Darfur, Sudan, 1984-1985. The Clarendon Press, Oxford.
20. Dessalegn Rahmato 1991. Famine Survival Strategies. Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, Uppsala.
21. Fairhead, J. and Leach, M. 1994. Misreading the African Landscape: Society and Ecology in a Forest-Savanna Mosaic. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
22. Faroda, A.S. and Singh, M. 1998. Fifty Years of Arid Zone Research in India. Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur.
23. Faye, A., Fall, A., Mortimore, M., Tiffen, M., and Nelson, J. 2001. 'Région de Diourbel: Synthesis'. Drylands Research Working Paper 23e. Drylands Research, Crewkerne, United Kingdom.
24. Gichuki, F.N., Mbogoh, S.G., Tiffen, M. and Mortimore, M. 2000. Makueni District profile: Synthesis. Drylands Research Working Paper 11. Drylands Research, Crewkerne, United Kingdom.
25. Glantz, M. and Orlovsky, N. 1983. Desertification: A review of the concept. Desertification Control Bulletin 9: 15-20.
26. Glen, E., Squires, V., Olsen, M., and Fuyo, R. 1993. Potential for carbon sequestration in the drylands. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 70: 341-355.
27. Gunderson, L.H., Holling, C.S., and Light, S.S. 1995. Barriers and Bridges to the Renewal of Ecosystems and Institutions. Columbia University Press, New York.
28. Harris, F.M.A. 1998. Farm-level assessment of the nutrient balance in northern Nigeria, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 71: 201-214.
29. Hazell, P. 2002. Investing in Poor people in Poor Lands. A Study for IFAD. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, D.C. and Wageningen University and Research Centre.
30. Hill, P. 1972. Rural Hausa. A Village and a Setting. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
31. Holling, C.S. 1973. Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 4: 1-23.
32. Hubert, F. 1920. Le desèchement progressif en Afrique Occidentale. Bulletin du Comité d'Etudes Historiques et Scientifiques d'AOF, 1920: 401-467.
33. Huntington, E. 1924. Civilisation and Climate. 3rd edition. Harvard University Press, New Haven.
34. Knowler, D., Acharya, G. and van Rensborg, T. 1998. Incentives Systems for Natural Resources Management: The Role of Indirect Incentives. Investment Centre. Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, Rome.
35. Lovejoy, P.E. 1976. Caravans of Kola. Ahmadu Bello University Press, Zaria.
36. Mabogunje, A.L. 1972. Regional Mobility and Resource Development in West Africa. McGill-Queens University Press, Montreal.
37. Mainguet, M. 1994. Desertifiation. Natural Background and Human Mismanagment. 2nd Ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
38. Malhotra, S.P. 1980. Social research in arid zone - Its retrospect and prospect. Arid Zone Research and Development (Ed. H.S. Mann), pp. 423-427. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.
39. Mann, H.S. (Ed.) 1980. Arid Zone Research and Development. International symposium at Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India.
40. Mazzucato, V. and Niemeijer, D. 2000. Rethinking soil and water conservation in a changing society. Tropical Resource Management Papers 32. Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen.
41. Mortimore, M. 1978. Grain reserves at the village level in drought-prone areas of Nigeria. The Aftermath of the 1972-74 Drought in Nigeria. Proceedings of a Conference held at Bagauda, April 1977 (Ed. G.J. van Apeldorn), pp. 220-226. Centre for Economic and Social Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
42. Mortimore, M. 1989. Adapting to Drought: Farmers, Famines and Desertification in West Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
43. Mortimore, M. 1993. Northern Nigeria: Land transformation under agricultural intensification. Population and Land Use in Developing Countries. Report of a Workshop (Eds. C.L. Jolly and B.B. Torrey). National Academic Press, Washington DC.
44. Mortimore, M. 1998. Roots in the African Dust: Sustaining the Sub-Saharan Drylands. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
45. Mortimore, M. and Adams, W. 1999. Working the Sahel: Environment and Society in Northern Nigeria. Routledge, London.
46. Mortimore, M. and Tiffen, M. 2004. Promoting research-policy dialogues: Lessons from four studies of dryland development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Development Policy Review 22(3): 259-286.
47. Mortimore, M., Tiffen, M., Boubacar, Y. and Nelson, J. 2001. Department of Maradi: Synthesis. Drylands Research Working Paper 39e. Drylands Research, Crewkerne, United Kingdom.
48. Moss, R.P. 1969. The ecological background to land-use studies in tropical Africa, with special reference to the West. Environment and Land Use in Africa (Eds. M.F. Thomas and G.W. Whittington), pp. 193-240. Methuen, London.
49. Moss, R.P. and Morgan, W.B. 1977. Soils, plants and farmers in West Africa: Parts 1 and 2. Human ecology in the Tropics. Symposia of the Society for the Study of Human Biology (Eds. J.P. Garlick and R.W.J. Keay), pp. 16: 27-77. London, Taylor and Francis.
50. Mustapha, A.R. and Meagher, K. 2000. Agrarian production, public policy and the State in Kano Region, 1900-2000. Drylands Research Working Paper 35. Drylands Research, Crewkerne, United Kingdom.
51. Niemeijer, D. and Mazzucato, V. 2002. Soil degradation in the West African Sahel: How serious is it?. Environment 44/2: 20-31.
52. Prothero, R.M. 1959. Migrant Labour from Sokoto Province, Northern Nigeria. Government Printer, Kaduna.
53. Raynaut, C. 1997. Sahels - Diversité et Dynamiques des Relations Sociétés-nature. Editions Karthala, Paris.
54. Reij, C. and Steeds, D. 2003. Success Stories in Africa's Drylands: Supporting Advocates and Answering Skeptics, CIS/Centre for International Cooperation, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam.
55. Reij, C. and Thiombiano, T. 2003. Développement rural et environnement au Burkina Faso:la réhabilitation de la capacité productive des terroirs sur la partie nord du Plateau Central entre 1980 et 2001. CIS, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam.
56. Reynolds, J.F. and Stafford Smith, D.M.E 2002. Global Desertification. Do Humans Cause Deserts? Dahlem University Press, Berlin.
57. Robbins, P.F., Abel, N., Jiang, H., Mortimore, M., Mulligan, M., Okin, G.S., Stafford Smith, D.M., and Turner, B.L.I. 2002. Desertification at the community scale. Sustaining Dynamic Human-Environment Systems. Global Desertification. Do Humans Cause Deserts? (Eds. J.F. Reynolds and D.M. Stafford Smith), pp. 326-356. Dahlem University Press, Berlin.
58. Rouch, J. 1956. Migrations à Ghana. Journal de la Société des Africanistes 26: 33-196.
59. Sandford, S. 1994. Improving the efficiency of opportunism: New directions for pastoral development. In Living with Uncertainty. New Directions in Pastoral Development (Ed. I. Scoones), 174-182. Intermediate Technology Publications, London.
60. Scoones, I. (Ed.) 1994. Living in Uncertainty. New Directions in Pastoral Development in Africa. Intermediate Technology Publications, London.
61. Stebbing, E.P. 1935. The encroaching Sahara: the threat to the West African colonies. The Geographical Journal 88: 506-524.
62. Stebbing, E.P. 1953 The Creeping Desert in the Sudan and Elsewhere in Africa 15 to 30 degrees latitude. McCorqudale, Khartoum.
63. Swift, J. 1996. Desertification: narratives, winners and losers. In The Lie of the Land. Challenging Received Wisdom in African Environmental Change and Policy (Eds. M. Leach and R. Mearns), pp. 73-90. James Currey, Oxford.
64. Tiffen, M. 1976. The enterprising peasant: Economic development in Gombe Emirate, North Eastern State, Nigeria, 1900-1968. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.
65. Tiffen, M. 2003. Transitions in Sub-Saharan Africa: Agriculture, urbanisation and income growth. World Development 31/3: 1343-1366.
66. Tiffen, M. and Mortimore, M. 1994. Malthus controverted: The role of capital and technology in growth and environment recovery in Kenya. World Development 22/7: 997-1010.
67. Tiffen, M., Mortimore, M. and Gichuki F. 1994. More People Less Erosion: Environmental Recovery in Kenya. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK.
68. Tomich, T.P., Kilby, P. and Johnston, B.F. 1995. Transforming Agrarian Economies: Opportunities Seized, Opportunities Missed. Cornell University Press, Ithaca.
69. UN 1994. UN Earth Summit. Convention on Desertification. UN Conference on Environment and Development. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 3-14, 1992. DPI/SD/1576, United Nations, New York.
70. UNEP 1977. Report of the United Nations Conference on Desertification, 29 August - 9 September 1977. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi.
71. UNEP 2003. The Global Drylands Imperative: Increasing Capabilities through an Ecosystem Approach for the Drylands. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi.
72. USAID 2002. Nature, Wealth and Power. Emerging Best Practice for Revitalizing Rural Africa. US Agency for International Development, Washington, DC.
73. Walker, T.S. and Ryan, J.G. 1990. Village and Household Economies in India's Semi-arid Tropics. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
74. Wall, J.R.D. (Ed.) 1979. The land resources of Central Nigeria: Agricultural development possibilities. Vol. 6B: The Kano Plains. Land Resources Study 29. Land Resources Development Centre, Tolworth, Surrey.
75. Warren, A. and Khogali, M. 1992. Assessment of Desertification and Drought in the Sudano-Sahelian Region. United Nations Sudano-Sahelian Office, New York.
76. Watts, M.J. 1983. Silent Violence: Food, Famine and the Peasantry in Northern Nigeria. University of California, Berkeley.
77. Zaal, F. and Oostendorp, R.H. 2002. Explaining a miracle: Intensification and the transition towards sustainable small-scale agriculture in dryland Machakos and Kitui Districts, Kenya. World Development 30/7: 1271-1287.