메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 85, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 1026-1035

Posttraumatic ventriculomegaly: Hydrocephalus or atrophy? A new approach for diagnosis using CSF dynamics

Author keywords

benign intracranial hypertension; cerebrospinal fluid dynamics; frontal horn index; high pressure hydrocephalus; normal pressure hydrocephalus; posttraumatic hydrocephalus; posttraumatic ventriculomegaly; severe head injury

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BRAIN ATROPHY; BRAIN CONTUSION; BRAIN EDEMA; BRAIN PSEUDOTUMOR; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID DRAINAGE; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PRESSURE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DISABILITY; FEMALE; HEAD INJURY; HUMAN; HYDROCEPHALUS; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NORMOTENSIVE HYDROCEPHALUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SURVIVAL RATE; TREATMENT INDICATION;

EID: 10544231453     PISSN: 00223085     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3171/jns.1996.85.6.1026     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (143)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 78651171840 scopus 로고
    • Symptomatic occult hydrocephalus with "normal" cerebrospinal fluid pressure. A treatable syndrome
    • Adams RD, Fisher CM, Hakim S, et al: Symptomatic occult hydrocephalus with "normal" cerebrospinal fluid pressure. A treatable syndrome. N Engl J Med 273:117-126, 1965
    • (1965) N Engl J Med , vol.273 , pp. 117-126
    • Adams, R.D.1    Fisher, C.M.2    Hakim, S.3
  • 2
    • 10544247917 scopus 로고
    • Benign intracranial hypertension: CSF dynamics and CSF pulse wave morphology
    • Avezaat C, van Eijndhoven J, Maas A, et al (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Anile C, Maria G, Mangiola A, et al: Benign intracranial hypertension: CSF dynamics and CSF pulse wave morphology, in Avezaat C, van Eijndhoven J, Maas A, et al (eds): Intracranial Pressure VIII. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp 374-378
    • (1993) Intracranial Pressure , vol.8 , pp. 374-378
    • Anile, C.1    Maria, G.2    Mangiola, A.3
  • 3
    • 0021179677 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic hydrocephalus
    • Beyerl B, Black PML: Posttraumatic hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery 15:257-261, 1984
    • (1984) Neurosurgery , vol.15 , pp. 257-261
    • Beyerl, B.1    Black, P.M.L.2
  • 4
    • 2642714489 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of resistance to CSF outflow - Clinical experiences in 333 patients
    • Hoff J, Betz A (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Børgesen S, Gjerris F, Fedders O, et al: Measurement of resistance to CSF outflow - clinical experiences in 333 patients, in Hoff J, Betz A (eds): Intracranial Pressure VII. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989, pp 353-355
    • (1989) Intracranial Pressure , vol.7 , pp. 353-355
    • Børgesen, S.1    Gjerris, F.2    Fedders, O.3
  • 5
    • 0019922286 scopus 로고
    • The predictive value of conductance to outflow of CSF in normal pressure hydrocephalus
    • Børgesen SE, Gjerris F: The predictive value of conductance to outflow of CSF in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Brain 105:65-86, 1979
    • (1979) Brain , vol.105 , pp. 65-86
    • Børgesen, S.E.1    Gjerris, F.2
  • 6
    • 0021949410 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic hydrocephalus - A retrospective review
    • Cardosa ER, Galbraith S: Posttraumatic hydrocephalus - a retrospective review. Surg Neurol 23:261-264, 1985
    • (1985) Surg Neurol , vol.23 , pp. 261-264
    • Cardosa, E.R.1    Galbraith, S.2
  • 7
    • 0028108698 scopus 로고
    • Temporal profile of outcomes in severe head injury
    • Choi SC, Barnes TY, Bullock R, et al: Temporal profile of outcomes in severe head injury. J Neurosurg 81:169-173, 1994
    • (1994) J Neurosurg , vol.81 , pp. 169-173
    • Choi, S.C.1    Barnes, T.Y.2    Bullock, R.3
  • 8
    • 0023718614 scopus 로고
    • Serial computerized tomographic evaluations in traumatic head injury
    • Cope DN, Date ES, Mar EY: Serial computerized tomographic evaluations in traumatic head injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 69:483-486, 1988
    • (1988) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.69 , pp. 483-486
    • Cope, D.N.1    Date, E.S.2    Mar, E.Y.3
  • 9
    • 0000376951 scopus 로고
    • Hydrocephalus - Analysis of 480 infusion tests
    • Avezaat C, van Eijndhoven J, Maas A, et al (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Costabile G, Ptobst CH: Hydrocephalus - analysis of 480 infusion tests, in Avezaat C, van Eijndhoven J, Maas A, et al (eds): Intracranial Pressure VIII. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp 805-810
    • (1993) Intracranial Pressure , vol.8 , pp. 805-810
    • Costabile, G.1    Ptobst, C.H.2
  • 10
    • 0013660428 scopus 로고
    • CSF dynamics in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus
    • Hoff J, Betz A (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Deiwel E, de Long D, Avezaat C, et al: CSF dynamics in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus, in Hoff J, Betz A (eds): Intracranial Pressure VII. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989, pp 379-382
    • (1989) Intracranial Pressure , vol.7 , pp. 379-382
    • Deiwel, E.1    De Long, D.2    Avezaat, C.3
  • 11
    • 0018343887 scopus 로고
    • Computed tomography profiles of periventricular hypodensity in hydrocephalus and leukoencephalopathy
    • Di Chiro G, Arimitsu T, Brooks RA, et al: Computed tomography profiles of periventricular hypodensity in hydrocephalus and leukoencephalopathy. Radiology 130:661-666, 1979
    • (1979) Radiology , vol.130 , pp. 661-666
    • Di Chiro, G.1    Arimitsu, T.2    Brooks, R.A.3
  • 12
    • 0025036295 scopus 로고
    • Initial CT findings in 753 patients with severe head injury. A report from the NIH Traumatic Coma Data Bank
    • Eisenberg H, Gary HE Jr, Aldrich EF, et al: Initial CT findings in 753 patients with severe head injury. A report from the NIH Traumatic Coma Data Bank. J Neurosurg 73:688-698, 1990
    • (1990) J Neurosurg , vol.73 , pp. 688-698
    • Eisenberg, H.1    Gary Jr., H.E.2    Aldrich, E.F.3
  • 13
    • 0028356736 scopus 로고
    • A multicenter trial of the efficacy of nimodipine on outcome after severe head injury
    • The European Study Group on Nimodipine in Severe Head Injury: A multicenter trial of the efficacy of nimodipine on outcome after severe head injury. J Neurosurg 80:797-804, 1994
    • (1994) J Neurosurg , vol.80 , pp. 797-804
  • 14
    • 0023838976 scopus 로고
    • Post-traumatic acute obstructive hydrocephalus
    • Fleischer AS, Huhn SL, Meislin H: Post-traumatic acute obstructive hydrocephalus. Ann Emerg Med 17:165-167, 1988
    • (1988) Ann Emerg Med , vol.17 , pp. 165-167
    • Fleischer, A.S.1    Huhn, S.L.2    Meislin, H.3
  • 15
    • 0005273278 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic hydrocephalus following impact acceleration in the rat
    • Nagai N, Kamiya K, Ishii S (eds): Tokyo: Springer-Verlag
    • Foda M, Marmarou A: Posttraumatic hydrocephalus following impact acceleration in the rat, in Nagai N, Kamiya K, Ishii S (eds): Intracranial Pressure IX. Tokyo: Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp 305-307
    • (1994) Intracranial Pressure , vol.9 , pp. 305-307
    • Foda, M.1    Marmarou, A.2
  • 16
    • 0028085099 scopus 로고
    • A new model of diffuse brain injury in rats. Part II: Morphological characterization
    • Foda MAA, Marmarou A: A new model of diffuse brain injury in rats. Part II: Morphological characterization. J Neurosurg 80:301-313, 1994
    • (1994) J Neurosurg , vol.80 , pp. 301-313
    • Foda, M.A.A.1    Marmarou, A.2
  • 17
    • 0023723384 scopus 로고
    • Traumatic intraventricular hemorrhage: Report of twenty-six cases and consideration of the pathogenic mechanism
    • Fujitsu K, Kuwabara T, Muramoto M, et al: Traumatic intraventricular hemorrhage: report of twenty-six cases and consideration of the pathogenic mechanism. Neurosurgery 23: 423-430,1988
    • (1988) Neurosurgery , vol.23 , pp. 423-430
    • Fujitsu, K.1    Kuwabara, T.2    Muramoto, M.3
  • 18
    • 10544243098 scopus 로고
    • Periventricular lucency (edema) in computed tomography and conductance to CSF outflow in patients with high pressure hydrocephalus and normal pressure hydrocephalus
    • Ishii S, Nagai H, Brock M (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Gjerris F, Børgesen SE, Sørensen PS, et al: Periventricular lucency (edema) in computed tomography and conductance to CSF outflow in patients with high pressure hydrocephalus and normal pressure hydrocephalus, in Ishii S, Nagai H, Brock M (eds): Intracranial Pressure V. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1983, pp 656-659
    • (1983) Intracranial Pressure , vol.5 , pp. 656-659
    • Gjerris, F.1    Børgesen, S.E.2    Sørensen, P.S.3
  • 19
    • 10544236635 scopus 로고
    • Vasopressin concentration in cerebrospinal fluid and conductance to CSF outflow in benign intracranial hypertension and normal pressure hydrocephalus
    • Ishii S, Nagai H, Brock M (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Gjerris F, Sørensen S, Hammer M, et al: Vasopressin concentration in cerebrospinal fluid and conductance to CSF outflow in benign intracranial hypertension and normal pressure hydrocephalus, in Ishii S, Nagai H, Brock M (eds): Intracranial Pressure V. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1983, pp 871-874
    • (1983) Intracranial Pressure , vol.5 , pp. 871-874
    • Gjerris, F.1    Sørensen, S.2    Hammer, M.3
  • 20
    • 0019787477 scopus 로고
    • Computed tomography in the evaluation of incidence and significance of posttraumatic hydrocephalus
    • Gudeman SK, Kishore PRS, Becker DP, et al: Computed tomography in the evaluation of incidence and significance of posttraumatic hydrocephalus. Radiology 141:397-402, 1981
    • (1981) Radiology , vol.141 , pp. 397-402
    • Gudeman, S.K.1    Kishore, P.R.S.2    Becker, D.P.3
  • 21
    • 10544238593 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of ICP and rCBF in cases showing ventricular dilatation following sub-arachnoid hemorrhage
    • Ishii S, Nagai H, Brock M (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Haraoka J, Kagawa J, Tajima K, et al: Assessment of ICP and rCBF in cases showing ventricular dilatation following sub-arachnoid hemorrhage, in Ishii S, Nagai H, Brock M (eds): Intracranial Pressure V. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1983, pp 645-648
    • (1983) Intracranial Pressure , vol.5 , pp. 645-648
    • Haraoka, J.1    Kagawa, J.2    Tajima, K.3
  • 22
    • 0017084208 scopus 로고
    • Ventricular size following head injury: A clinicoradiological study
    • Hawkins TD, Lloyd AD, Fletcher GIC, et al: Ventricular size following head injury: a clinicoradiological study. Clin Radiol 27:279-289, 1976
    • (1976) Clin Radiol , vol.27 , pp. 279-289
    • Hawkins, T.D.1    Lloyd, A.D.2    Fletcher, G.I.C.3
  • 23
    • 0009967783 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic hydrocephalus: A multi-center retrospective survey
    • Nagai H, Kamiya K, Ishii S (eds): Tokyo: Springer-Verlag
    • Ishikawa M, Kikuchi H: Posttraumatic hydrocephalus: a multi-center retrospective survey, in Nagai H, Kamiya K, Ishii S (eds): Intracranial Pressure IX. Tokyo: Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp 318-321
    • (1994) Intracranial Pressure , vol.9 , pp. 318-321
    • Ishikawa, M.1    Kikuchi, H.2
  • 24
    • 0016475167 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage. A practical scale
    • Jennett B, Bond M: Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage. A practical scale. Lancet 1:480-484, 1975
    • (1975) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 480-484
    • Jennett, B.1    Bond, M.2
  • 25
    • 0017805353 scopus 로고
    • Long-term prognosis of patients with central cerebral ventricular enlargement. A fifth follow-up study in 100 patients with a 3rd ventricle measuring 12 mm or more in width
    • Kåss B, Lønnum A: Long-term prognosis of patients with central cerebral ventricular enlargement. A fifth follow-up study in 100 patients with a 3rd ventricle measuring 12 mm or more in width. Acta Neurol Scand 57:19-30, 1978
    • (1978) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.57 , pp. 19-30
    • Kåss, B.1    Lønnum, A.2
  • 26
    • 0024516723 scopus 로고
    • Update on the diagnosis and management of posttraumatic hydrocephalus
    • Katz RT, Brander V, Sahgal V: Update on the diagnosis and management of posttraumatic hydrocephalus. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 68:91-96, 1989
    • (1989) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.68 , pp. 91-96
    • Katz, R.T.1    Brander, V.2    Sahgal, V.3
  • 27
    • 0018197616 scopus 로고
    • Post-traumatic hydrocephalus in patients with severe head injury
    • Kishore PRS, Lipper MH, Miller JD, et al: Post-traumatic hydrocephalus in patients with severe head injury. Neuroradiology 16:261-265, 1978
    • (1978) Neuroradiology , vol.16 , pp. 261-265
    • Kishore, P.R.S.1    Lipper, M.H.2    Miller, J.D.3
  • 28
    • 0022640463 scopus 로고
    • CSF dynamics and pressure-volume relationships in communicating hydrocephalus
    • Kosteljanetz M: CSF dynamics and pressure-volume relationships in communicating hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 64: 45-52, 1986
    • (1986) J Neurosurg , vol.64 , pp. 45-52
    • Kosteljanetz, M.1
  • 29
    • 10544225504 scopus 로고
    • CSF dynamics in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus studied with the bolus injection technique and a steady state infusion test
    • Ishii S, Nagai H, Brock M (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Kosteljanetz M: CSF dynamics in patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus studied with the bolus injection technique and a steady state infusion test, in Ishii S, Nagai H, Brock M (eds): Intracranial Pressure V. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1983, pp 641-644
    • (1983) Intracranial Pressure , vol.5 , pp. 641-644
    • Kosteljanetz, M.1
  • 30
    • 0022262187 scopus 로고
    • Normal pressure hydrocephalus: Correlation between CT and measurements of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics
    • Kosteljanetz M, Ingstrup HM: Normal pressure hydrocephalus: correlation between CT and measurements of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. Acta Neurochir77:8-13, 1985
    • (1985) Acta Neurochir , vol.77 , pp. 8-13
    • Kosteljanetz, M.1    Ingstrup, H.M.2
  • 31
    • 0000156970 scopus 로고
    • The significance of outflow resistance measurements in the prediction of outcome after CSF shunting in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus
    • Hoff J, Betz A (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Kosteljanetz M, Westgaard L, Kaalund J, et al: The significance of outflow resistance measurements in the prediction of outcome after CSF shunting in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus, in Hoff J, Betz A (eds): Intracranial Pressure VII. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989, pp 383-385
    • (1989) Intracranial Pressure , vol.7 , pp. 383-385
    • Kosteljanetz, M.1    Westgaard, L.2    Kaalund, J.3
  • 32
    • 0026712376 scopus 로고
    • Intraventricular hemorrhage in blunt head trauma: An analysis of 43 cases
    • LeRoux PD, Haglund MM, Newell DW, et al: Intraventricular hemorrhage in blunt head trauma: an analysis of 43 cases. Neurosurgery 31:678-685, 1992
    • (1992) Neurosurgery , vol.31 , pp. 678-685
    • LeRoux, P.D.1    Haglund, M.M.2    Newell, D.W.3
  • 33
    • 0019511663 scopus 로고
    • Ventricular enlargement after closed head injury
    • Levin H, Meyers C, Grossman R, et al: Ventricular enlargement after closed head injury. Arch Neurol 38:623-629, 1981
    • (1981) Arch Neurol , vol.38 , pp. 623-629
    • Levin, H.1    Meyers, C.2    Grossman, R.3
  • 34
    • 0017312217 scopus 로고
    • Changing attitudes to the management of severe head injuries
    • Lewin W: Changing attitudes to the management of severe head injuries. Br Med J 2:1234-1239, 1976
    • (1976) Br Med J , vol.2 , pp. 1234-1239
    • Lewin, W.1
  • 35
    • 0014342673 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary observations on external hydrocephalus after severe head injury
    • Lewin W: Preliminary observations on external hydrocephalus after severe head injury. Br J Surg 55:747-751, 1968
    • (1968) Br J Surg , vol.55 , pp. 747-751
    • Lewin, W.1
  • 36
    • 4243788949 scopus 로고
    • Elevated venous outflow pressure in head injured patients
    • Avezaat C, van Eijndhoven J, Maas A, et al (eds): Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Marmarou A, Foda M, Bandoh K, et al: Elevated venous outflow pressure in head injured patients, in Avezaat C, van Eijndhoven J, Maas A, et al (eds): Intracranial Pressure VIII. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp 712-715
    • (1993) Intracranial Pressure , vol.8 , pp. 712-715
    • Marmarou, A.1    Foda, M.2    Bandoh, K.3
  • 37
    • 0023267971 scopus 로고
    • Contribution of CSF and vascular factors to elevation of ICP in severely head-injured patients
    • Marmarou A, Maset AL, Ward J, et al: Contribution of CSF and vascular factors to elevation of ICP in severely head-injured patients. J Neurosurg 66:883-890, 1987
    • (1987) J Neurosurg , vol.66 , pp. 883-890
    • Marmarou, A.1    Maset, A.L.2    Ward, J.3
  • 38
    • 0016827246 scopus 로고
    • Compartmental analysis of compliance and outflow resistance of the cerebrospinal fluid system
    • Marmarou A, Shulman K, LaMorgese J: Compartmental analysis of compliance and outflow resistance of the cerebrospinal fluid system. J Neurosurg 43:523-534, 1975
    • (1975) J Neurosurg , vol.43 , pp. 523-534
    • Marmarou, A.1    Shulman, K.2    LaMorgese, J.3
  • 39
    • 0017894233 scopus 로고
    • A nonlinear analysis of cerebrospinal fluid system and intracranial pressure dynamics
    • Marmarou A, Shulman K, Rosende R: A nonlinear analysis of cerebrospinal fluid system and intracranial pressure dynamics. J Neurosurg 48:332-344, 1978
    • (1978) J Neurosurg , vol.48 , pp. 332-344
    • Marmarou, A.1    Shulman, K.2    Rosende, R.3
  • 41
    • 0026795479 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic cerebral arterial spasm: Transcranial Doppler ultrasound, cerebral blood flow, and angiographic findings
    • Martin NA, Doberstein C, Zane C, et al: Posttraumatic cerebral arterial spasm: transcranial Doppler ultrasound, cerebral blood flow, and angiographic findings. J Neurosurg 77:575-583, 1992
    • (1992) J Neurosurg , vol.77 , pp. 575-583
    • Martin, N.A.1    Doberstein, C.2    Zane, C.3
  • 42
    • 0018825111 scopus 로고
    • Periventricular lucency in computed tomography of hydrocephalus and cerebral atrophy
    • Mori K, Handa H, Murata T, et al: Periventricular lucency in computed tomography of hydrocephalus and cerebral atrophy. J Comput Assist Tomogr 4:204-209, 1980
    • (1980) J Comput Assist Tomogr , vol.4 , pp. 204-209
    • Mori, K.1    Handa, H.2    Murata, T.3
  • 43
    • 0014578728 scopus 로고
    • Further experience with the syndrome of "normal" pressure hydrocephalus
    • Ojemann RG, Fisher CM, Adams RD, et al: Further experience with the syndrome of "normal" pressure hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 31:279-294, 1969
    • (1969) J Neurosurg , vol.31 , pp. 279-294
    • Ojemann, R.G.1    Fisher, C.M.2    Adams, R.D.3
  • 44
    • 0019974707 scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid pulse waveform as an indicator of cerebral autoregulation
    • Portnoy HD, Chopp M, Branch C, et al: Cerebrospinal fluid pulse waveform as an indicator of cerebral autoregulation. J Neurosurg 56:666-678, 1982
    • (1982) J Neurosurg , vol.56 , pp. 666-678
    • Portnoy, H.D.1    Chopp, M.2    Branch, C.3
  • 45
    • 0015141460 scopus 로고
    • Surgical treatment of severe post-traumatic encephalopathy
    • Salmon JH: Surgical treatment of severe post-traumatic encephalopathy. Surg Gynecol Obstet 133:634-636, 1971
    • (1971) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.133 , pp. 634-636
    • Salmon, J.H.1
  • 47
    • 0018931801 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of clinical CSF dynamics and neural axis compliance using the pressure-volume index: I. The normal pressure-volume index
    • Shapiro K, Marmarou A, Shulman K: Characterization of clinical CSF dynamics and neural axis compliance using the pressure-volume index: I. The normal pressure-volume index. Ann Neurol 7:508-514, 1980
    • (1980) Ann Neurol , vol.7 , pp. 508-514
    • Shapiro, K.1    Marmarou, A.2    Shulman, K.3
  • 48
    • 0028217347 scopus 로고
    • Shunting in chronic post-traumatic hydrocephalus: Demonstration of neurophysiological improvement
    • Sheffler LR, Ito VY, Philip PA, et al: Shunting in chronic post-traumatic hydrocephalus: demonstration of neurophysiological improvement. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 75:338-341, 1994
    • (1994) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.75 , pp. 338-341
    • Sheffler, L.R.1    Ito, V.Y.2    Philip, P.A.3
  • 49
    • 0024998620 scopus 로고
    • Clinical significance of traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • Shigemori M, Tokutomi T, Hirohata M, el al: Clinical significance of traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurol Med Chir 30:396-400, 1990
    • (1990) Neurol Med Chir , vol.30 , pp. 396-400
    • Shigemori, M.1    Tokutomi, T.2    Hirohata, M.3
  • 50
    • 0018647567 scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in patients with pseudotumor cerebri
    • Sklar FH, Beyer CW Jr, Ramanathan M, et al: Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in patients with pseudotumor cerebri. Neuro-surgery 5:208-216, 1979
    • (1979) Neuro-surgery , vol.5 , pp. 208-216
    • Sklar, F.H.1    Beyer Jr., C.W.2    Ramanathan, M.3
  • 51
    • 0015513189 scopus 로고
    • Pressure waves in socalled low-pressure hydrocephalus
    • Symon L, Dorsch NWC, Stephens RJ: Pressure waves in socalled low-pressure hydrocephalus. Lancet 2:1291-1293, 1972
    • (1972) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1291-1293
    • Symon, L.1    Dorsch, N.W.C.2    Stephens, R.J.3
  • 52
    • 0019454532 scopus 로고
    • Rapid enlargement of ventricles within seven hours after head injury
    • Takagi H, Tamaki Y, Morii S, et al: Rapid enlargement of ventricles within seven hours after head injury. Surg Neurol 16: 103-105, 1981
    • (1981) Surg Neurol , vol.16 , pp. 103-105
    • Takagi, H.1    Tamaki, Y.2    Morii, S.3
  • 53
    • 0018734971 scopus 로고
    • Differentiation of normal pressure hydrocephalus and cerebral atrophy by computed tomography and spinal infusion test
    • Tans JT: Differentiation of normal pressure hydrocephalus and cerebral atrophy by computed tomography and spinal infusion test. J Neurol 222:109-118, 1979
    • (1979) J Neurol , vol.222 , pp. 109-118
    • Tans, J.T.1
  • 54
    • 0021272811 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of ventricular steady-state infusion with bolus infusion and pressure recording for differentiating between arrested and non-arrested hydrocephalus
    • Tans JTJ, Poortvliet DCJ: Comparison of ventricular steady-state infusion with bolus infusion and pressure recording for differentiating between arrested and non-arrested hydrocephalus. Acta Neurochir 72:15-29, 1984
    • (1984) Acta Neurochir , vol.72 , pp. 15-29
    • Tans, J.T.J.1    Poortvliet, D.C.J.2
  • 55
    • 0016391336 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale
    • Teasdale G, Jennett B: Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet 2:81-84, 1974
    • (1974) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 81-84
    • Teasdale, G.1    Jennett, B.2
  • 56
    • 0018899283 scopus 로고
    • Late computed tomography in survivors of severe head injury
    • van Dongen KJ, Braakman R: Late computed tomography in survivors of severe head injury. Neurosurgery 7:14-22, 1980
    • (1980) Neurosurgery , vol.7 , pp. 14-22
    • Van Dongen, K.J.1    Braakman, R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.