Growth hormone receptor

Growth Factors and Cytokines in Health and Disease

Volumn 1, Issue C, 1996, Pages 43-84

  Smit, Lisa S ^a   Carter Su, Christin ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 10244264934     PISSN: 18745687     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S1874-5687(96)80005-X     Document Type: Review

References (281)

1. Adams T.E., Baker L., Fiddes R.J., and Brandon M.R. The sheep growth hormone receptor: Molecular cloning and ontogeny of mRNA expression in the liver. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 73 (1990) 135-145
2. Aguet M., Dembic Z., and Merlin G. Molecular cloning and expression of the human interferon-gamma receptor. Cell 55 (1988) 273-280
3. Akira S., Nishio Y., Inoue M., Wang X.-J., Wei S., Matsusaka T., Yoshida K., Sudo T., Naruto M., and Kishimoto T. Molecular cloning of APRF, a novel IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 p91-related transcription factor involved in the gp130-mediated signalling pathway. Cell 77 (1994) 63-71
4. Albertsson-Wikland K., and Isaksson O. Development of responsiveness of young normal rats to growth hormone. Metabolism 25 (1976) 747-759
5. Amselem S., Duquesnoy P., Attree O., Novelli G., Bousnina S., Postel-Vinay M.C., and Goossens M. Laron dwarfism and mutations of the growth hormone-receptor gene. N. Engl. J. Med. 321 (1989) 989-995
6. Amselem S., Sobrier M.L., Duquesnoy P., Rappaport R., Postel-Vinay M.C., Gourmelen M., Dallapiccola B., and Goossens M. Recurrent nonsense mutations in the growth hormone receptor from patients with Laron dwarfism. J. Clin. Invest. 87 (1991) 1098-1102
7. Anderson N.G. Growth hormone activates mitogen-activated protein kinase and S6 kinase and promotes intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes. Biochem. J. 284 (1992) 649-652
8. Argetsinger L.S., Campbell G.S., Yang X., Witthuhn B.A., Silvennoinen O., Ihle J.N., and Carter-Su C. Identification of JAK2 as a growth hormone receptor-associated tyrosine kinase. Cell 74 (1993) 237-244
9. manuscript submitted. Argetsinger L.S., Hsu G.W., Myers Jr. M.G., Billestrup N., Norstedt G., White M.F., and Carter-Su C. Growth hormone, interferon-gamma, and leukemia inhibitory factor promoted tyrosyl phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1. J. Biol. Chem. (1995)
10. submitted. Argetsinger L.S., Myers Jr. M.G., Billestrup N., Norstedt G., White M.F., and Carter-Su C. Growth hormone, interferon-gamma, and leukemia inhibitory factor promoted tyrosyl phosphorylation in insulin receptor substrate-2 (1996)
11. Asakawa K., Hedo J.A., McElduff A., Rouiller D.G., Waters M.J., and Gorden P. The human growth hormone receptor of cultured human lymphocytes. Biochem. J. 238 (1986) 379-386
12. Bacon C.M., McVicar D.W., Ortaldo J.R., Rees R.C., O'Shea J.J., and Johnston J.A. Interleukin 12 (IL-12) induces tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and TYK2: Differential use of Janus family tyrosine kinases by IL-2 and IL-12. J. Exp. Med. 181 (1995) 399-404
13. Baumann H., Symes A.J., Comeau M.R., Morella K.K., Wang Y.F.D., Ziegler S.F., Fink J.S., and Gearing D.P. Multiple regions within the cytoplasmic domains of the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor and gp130 cooperate in signal transduction in hepatic and neuronal cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (1994) 138-146
14. Baumbach W.R., and Bingham B. One class of growth hormone (GH) receptor and binding protein messenger ribonucleic acid in rat liver, GHR1, is sexually dimorphic and regulated by GH. Endocrinology 136 (1995) 749-760
15. Baumbach W.R., Horner D.L., and Logan J.S. The growth hormone-binding protein in rat serum is an alternatively spliced form of the rat growth hormone receptor. Genes Dev. 3 (1989) 1199-1205
16. Baumgartner J.W., Wells C.A., Chen C.-M., and Waters M.J. The role of the WSXWS equivalent motif in growth hormone receptor function. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 29094-29101
17. Baxter R.C., and Zaltsman Z. Induction of hepatic receptors for growth hormone (GH) and prolactin by GH infusion is sex independent. Endocrinology 115 (1984) 2009-2014
18. Baxter R.C., Bryson J.M., and Turtle J.R. Somatogenic receptors of rat liver: Regulation by insulin. Endocrinology 107 (1980) 1176
19. Bazan J.F. A novel family of growth factor receptors: A common binding domain in the growth hormone, prolactin, erythropoietin and IL-6 receptors, and the p75 IL-2 receptor beta-chain. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 164 (1989) 788-795
20. Bazan J.F. Hemopoietic receptors and helical cytokines. Immunology Today 11 (1990) 350-354
21. Bichell D.P., Kikuchi K., and Rotwein P. Growth hormone rapidly activates insulin-like growth factor I gene transcription in vivo. Mol. Endocrinol. 6 (1992) 1899-1908
22. Billestrup N., Moldrup A., Serup P., Mathews L.S., Norstedt G., and Nielsen J. Introduction of exogenous growth hormone receptors augments growth hormone-responsive insulin biosynthesis in rat insulinoma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87 (1990) 7210-7214
23. Billestrup N., Allevato G., Norstedt G., Moldrup A., Nielsen J.H., and Moldrup A. Identification of intracellular domains in the growth hormone receptor involved in signal transduction. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 206 (1994) 205-209
24. Billestrup N., Bouchelouche P., Allevato G., Ilondo M., and Nielsen J.H. Growth hormone receptor C-terminal domains required for growth hormone-induced intracellular free Ca2+ oscillations and gene transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92 (1995) 2725-2729
25. Bonni A., Frank D.A., Schindler C., and Greenberg M.E. Characterization of a pathway for ciliary neurotrophic factor signaling to the nucleus. Science 262 (1993) 1575-1579
26. Boutin J.-M., Jolicoeur C., Okamura H., Gagnon J., Edery M., Shirota M., Banville D., Dusanter-Fourt I., Djiane J., and Kelley P.A. Cloning and expression of the rat prolactin receptor, a member of the growth hormone/prolactin receptor gene family. Cell 53 (1988) 69-77
27. Burnside J., and Cogburn L.A. Developmental expression of hepatic growth hormone receptor and insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA in the chicken. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 89 (1992) 91-96
28. Burnside J., Liou S.S., and Cogburn L.A. Molecular cloning of the chicken growth hormone receptor complementary deoxyribonucleic acid: Mutation of the gene in sex-linked dwarf chickens. Endocrinology 128 (1991) 3183-3192
29. Burton K.A., Kabigting E.B., Clifton D.K., and Steiner R.A. Growth hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid distribution in the adult male rat brain and its colocalization in hypothalamic somatostatin neurons. Endocrinology 131 (1992) 958-963
30. Campbell G.S., Miyasaka T., Pang L., Saltiel A.R., and Carter-Su C. Stimulation by growth hormone of MAP kinase activity in 3T3-F442A fibroblasts. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 6074-6080
31. Campbell G.S., Christian L.J., and Carter-Su C. Evidence for involvement of the growth hormone receptor-associated tyrosine kinase in actions of growth hormone. J. Biol. Chem. 268 (1993) 7427-7434
32. Campbell G.S., Argetsinger L.S., Ihle J.N., Kelly P.A., Rillema J.A., and Carter-Su C. Activation of JAK2 tyrosine kinase by prolactin receptors in Nb2 cells and mouse mammary gland explants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91 (1994) 5232-5236
33. Campbell G.S., Meyer D.J., Raz R., Levy D.E., Schwartz J., and Carter-Su C. Activation of acute phase response factor (APRF)/Stat3 transcription factor by growth hormone. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 3974-3979
34. Carter-Su C., Stubbart J.R., Wang X., Stred S.E., Argetsinger L.S., and Shafer J.A. Phosphorylation of highly purified growth hormone receptors by a growth hormone receptor-associated tyrosine kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 18654-18661
35. Catalioto R.M., Ailhaud G., and Negrel R. Diacylglycerol production induced by growth hormone in Ob1771 preadipocytes arises from phosphatidylcholine breakdown. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 173 (1990) 840-848
36. Cheatham B., Vlahos C.J., Cheatham L., Wang L., Blenis J., and Kahn C.R. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation is required for insulin stimulation of pp70 S6 kinase, DNA synthesis, and glucose transporter translocation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (1994) 4902-4911
37. Part 2. Cheek D.B., and Hill D.E. Effect of growth hormone on cell and somatic growth. In: Knobil E., and Sawyer W.H. (Eds). Handbook of Physiology, Sect. 7 Vol. 4 (1974), American Physiological Society, San Diego, CA 159-185
38. Chipkin S.R., Szecowka J., Tai L.-R., Kostyo J.L., and Goodman H.M. Different growth hormone-receptor interactions mediate insulin-like and lipolytic responses of rat adipose tissue. Endocrinology 125 (1989) 450-458
39. Chua A.O., Chizzonite R., Desai B.B., Truitt T.P., Nunes P., Minetti L.J., Warrier R.R., Presky D.H., Levine J.F., Gately M.K., and Gubler U. Expression cloning of a human IL-12 receptor component. J. Immunol. 153 (1994) 128-136
40. Cioffi J.A., Wang X., and Kopchick J.J. Porcine growth hormone receptor cDNA sequence. Nucleic Acids Research 18 (1990) 6451
41. Clemmons D.R., Underwood L.E., and Van Wyk J.J. Hormonal control of immunoreactive somatomedin production by cultured human fibroblasts. J. Clin. Invest. 67 (1981) 10-19
42. Cobb M.H., Robbins D.J., and Boulton T.G. ERKs, extracellular signal-regulated MAP-2 kinases. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 3 (1991) 1025-1032
43. Colosi P., Wong K., Leong S.R., and Wood W.I. Mutational analysis of the intracellular domain of the human growth hormone receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 268 (1993) 12617-12623
44. Cramer S.D., Barnard R., Engbers C., Ogren L., and Talamantes F. Expression of the growth hormone receptor and growth hormone-binding protein during pregnancy in the mouse. Endocrinology 131 (1992) 876-882
45. Crews C.M., and Erikson R.L. Extracellular signals and reversible protein phosphorylation: What to MEK of it all. Cell 74 (1993) 215-217
46. Cunningham B.C., Ultsch M., De Vos A.M., Mulkerrin M.G., Clauser K.R., and Wells J.A. Dimerization of the extracellular domain of the human growth hormone receptor by a single hormone molecule. Science 254 (1991) 821-825
47. Cutler R.L., Liu L., Damen J.E., and Krystal G. Multiple cytokines induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc and its association with Grb2 in hemopoietic cells. J. Biol. Chem. 268 (1993) 21463-21465
48. D'Andrea A.D., Asman G.D., and Lodish H.F. Erythropoietin receptor and interleukin-2 receptor B chain: A new receptor family. Cell 58 (1989) 1023-1024
49. Damen J.E., Wakao H., Miyajima A., Krosl J., Humphries R.K., Cutler R.L., and Krystal G. Tyrosine 343 in the erythropoietin receptor positively regulates erythropoietin-induced cell proliferation and Stat5 activation. EMBO J. 14 (1995) 5557-5568
50. Darnell Jr. J.E., Kerr I.M., and Stark G.R. Jak-STAT pathways and transcriptional activation in response to IFNs and other extracellular signaling proteins. Science 264 (1994) 1415-1421
51. DaSilva L., Howard O.M.Z., Rui H., Kirken R.A., and Farrar W.L. Growth signaling and JAK2 association mediated by membrane-proximal cytoplasmic regions of prolactin receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 18267-18270
52. Daughaday W.H., and Rotwein P. Insulin-like growth factors I and II. Peptide, messenger ribonucliec acid and gene structures, serum, and tissue concentrations. Endocrine Reviews 10 (1989) 68-91
53. David M., Petricoin III E.F., Igarashi K.-I., Feldman G.M., Finbloom D.S., and Larner A.C. Prolactin activates the interferon-regulated p91 transcription factor and the Jak2 kinase by tyrosine phosphorylation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91 (1994) 7174-7178
54. Davidson M.B. Effect of growth hormone on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Endocr. Rev. 8 (1987) 115-131
55. Davis R.J. The mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 268 (1993) 14553-14556
56. Davis S., Aldrich T.H., Valenzuela D.M., Wong V., Furth M.E., Squinto S.P., and Yancopoulos G.D. The receptor for ciliary neurotrophic factor. Science 253 (1991) 59-63
57. Delehaye-Zervas M.C., Mertani H., Martini J.F., Nihoul-Fekete C., Morel G., and Postel-Vinay M.C. Expression of the growth hormone receptor gene in human digestive tissue. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78 (1994) 1473-1480
58. D'Ercole A.J., Stiles A.D., and Underwood L.E. Tissue concentrations of somatomedin C: Further evidence for multiple sites of synthesis and paracrine or autocrine mechanisms of action. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81 (1984) 935-939
59. deVos A.M., Ultsch M., and Kossiakoff A.A. Human growth hormone and extracellular domain of its receptor: Crystal structure of the complex. Science 255 (1992) 306-312
60. Distel R.J., and Speigelman B.M. Protooncogene c-fos as a transcription factor. Adv. Cancer Res. 55 (1990) 37-55
61. Distel R., Ro H.S., Rosen B.S., Groves D., and Spiegelman B.M. Nucleoprotein complexes that regulate gene expression in adipocyte differentiation: Direct participation of c-fos. Cell 49 (1987) 835-844
62. Doglio A., Dani C., Fredrikson G., Grimaldi P., and Ailhaud G. Acute regulation of insulin-like growth factor I gene expression by growth hormone during adipose cell differentiation. EMBO 6 (1987) 4011-4016
63. Doglio A., Dani C., Grimaldi P., and Ailhaud G. Growth hormone stimulates c-fos gene expression by means of protein kinase C without increasing inositol lipid turnover. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86 (1989) 1148-1152
64. Duquesnoy P., Sobrier M.L., Amselem S., and Goossens M. Defective membrane expression of human growth hormone (GH) receptor causes laron-type GH insensitivity syndrome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88 (1991) 10272-10276
65. Duriez B., Sobrier M.L., Duquesnoy P., Tixier-Boichard M., Decuypere E., Coquerelle G., Zeman M., Goossens M., and Amselem S. A naturally occurring growth hormone receptor mutation: In vivo and in vitro evidence for the functional importance of the WS motif common to all members of the cytokine receptor superfamily. Mol. Endocrinol. 7 (1993) 806-814
66. Eden S., Schwartz J., and Kostyo J.L. Effects of preincubation on the ability of rat adipocytes to bind and respond to growth hormone. Endocrinology 111 (1982) 1505-1512
67. Emtner M., Mathews L.S., and Norstedt G. Growth hormone (GH) stimulates protein synthesis in cells transfected with GH receptor complementary DNA. Mol. Endocrinol. 4 (1990) 2014-2020
68. Feldman G.M., Petricoin III E.F., David M., Larner A.C., and Finbloom D.S. Cytokines that associate with the signal transducer gp130 activate the interferon-induced transcription factor p91 by tyrosine phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 10747-10752
69. Finbloom D.S., Petricoin III E.F., Hackett R.H., David M., Feldman G.M., Igarashi K.-I., Fibach E., Weber M.J., Thorner M.O., Silva C.M., and Larner A.C. Growth hormone and erythropoietin differentially activate DNA-binding proteins by tyrosine phosphorylation. Mol. Cell Biol. 14 (1994) 2113-2118
70. Finidori J., Postel-Vinay M.-C., and Kleinknecht C. Lactogenic and somatotropic binding sites in liver membranes of rats with renal insufficiency. Endocrinology 106 (1980) 1960-1965
71. Firmbach-Kraft I., Byers M., Shows T., Dalla-Favera R., and Krolewski J.J. Tyk2, prototype of a novel class of nonreceptor tyrosine kinase genes. Oncogene 5 (1990) 1329-1336
72. Fisch T.M., Prywes R., and Roeder R.G. An APl-binding site in the c-fos gene can mediate induction by epidermal growth factor and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9 (1989) 1327-1331
73. Foster C.M., Shafer J.A., Rozsa F.W., Wang X., Lewis S.D., Renken D.A., Natale J.E., Schwartz J., and Carter-Su C. Growth hormone-promoted tyrosyl phosphorylation of growth hormone receptors in murine 3T3-F442A fibroblasts and adipocytes. Biochemistry 27 (1988) 326-334
74. Fourcin M., Chevalier S., Lebrun J.-J., Kelly P., Pouplard A., Wijdenes J., and Gascan H. Involvement of gp130/interleukin-6 receptor transducing component in interleukin-11 receptor. Eur. J. Immunol. (1994) 277-280
75. Foyt H.L., Lanau F., Woloschak M., LeRoith D., and Roberts C.T.J. Effect of growth hormone on levels of differentially processed insulin-like growth factor I mRNAs in total and polysomal mRNA populations. Mol. Endocrinol. 6 (1992) 1881-1888
76. Frank S.J., Gilliland G., Kraft A.S., and Arnold C.S. Interaction of the growth hormone receptor cytoplasmic domain with the JAK2 tyrosine kinase. Endocrinology 135 (1994) 2228-2239
77. Frick G.P., Leonard J.L., and Goodman H.M. Effect of hypophysectomy on growth hormone receptor gene expression in rat tissues. Endocrinology 126 (1990) 3076-3082
78. Fu X.-Y. A transcription factor with SH2 and SH3 domains is directly activated by an interferon alpha-induced cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase(s). Cell 70 (1992) 323-335
79. Fu X.-Y., Schindler C., Improta T., Aebersold R., and Darnell Jr. J.E. The proteins of ISGF-3, the interferon alpha-induced transcriptional activator, define a gene family involved in signal transduction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 (1992) 7840-7843
80. Fuh G., Mulkerrin M.G., Bass S., McFarland N., Brochier M., Bourell J.H., Light D.R., and Wells J.A. The human growth hormone receptor. Secretion from Escherichia coli and disulfide bonding pattern of the extracellular binding domain. J. Biol. Chem. 265 (1990) 3111-3115
81. Fuh G., Cunningham B.C., Fukunaga R., Nagata S., Goeddel D.V., and Wells J.A. Rational design of potent antagonists to the human growth hormone receptor. Science 256 (1992) 1677-1680
82. Fukunaga R., Ishizaka-Ikeda E., Seto Y., and Nagata S. Expression cloning of a receptor for murine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Cell 61 (1990) 341-350
83. Fukunaga R., Ishizaka-Ikeda E., and Nagata S. Growth and differentiation signals mediated by different regions in the cytoplasmic domain of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor. Cell 74 (1993) 1079-1087
84. Gearing D.P., King J.A., Gough N.M., and Nicola N.A. Expression cloning of a receptor for human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. EMBO J. 8 (1989) 3667-3676
85. Gearing D.P., Thut C.J., VandenBos T., Gimpel S.D., Delaney P.B., King J., Price V., Cosman D., and Beckmann P.M. Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor is structurally related to the IL-6 signal transducer, gp130. EMBO J. 10 (1991) 2839-2848
86. Gearing D.P., Comeau M.R., Friend D.J., Gimpel S.D., Thut C.J., McGourty J., Brasher K.K., King J.A., Gillis S., and Mosley B. The IL-6 signal transducer, gp130: An oncostatin M receptor and affinity converter for the LIF receptor. Science 255 (1992) 1434-1437
87. Gille H., Sharrocks A.K., and Shaw P.E. Phosphorylation of transcription factor p62TCF by MAP kinase stimulates ternary complex formation at c-fos promoter. Nature 358 (1992) 414-417
88. Godowski P.J., Leung D.W., Meacham L.R., Galgani J.P., Hellmiss R., Keret R., Rotwein P., Parks J.S., Laron Z., and Wood W.I. Characterization of the human growth hormone receptor gene and demonstration of a partial gene deletion in two patients with Laron-type dwarfism. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86 (1989) 8083-8087
89. Goldsmith M.A., Xu W., Amaral M.C., Kuczek E.S., and Greene W.C. The cytoplasmic domain of the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain contains both unique and functionally redundant signal transduction elements. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 14698-147047
90. Goodman H.M. Separation of early and late responses of adipose tissue to growth hormone. Endocrinology 109 (1981) 120-129
91. Goodman H.M. Biological activity of bacterial-derived human growth hormone in adipose tissue of hypophysectomized rats. Endocrinology (1984) 131-135
92. Goodman H.M., and Coiro V. Induction of sensitivity to the insulin-like action of growth hormone in normal rat adipose tissue. Endocrinology 108 (1981) 113-119
93. Goodman H.E., Grumbach M.M., and Kaplan S.L. Growth and growth hormone. II. A comparison of isolated growth hormone deficiency and multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies in 35 patients with idiopathic hypopituitary dwarfism. N. Engl. J. Med. 278 (1968) 57-68
94. Goodwin R.G., Friend D., Ziegler S.F., Jerzy R., Falk B.A., Simpel S., Cosman D., Dower S.K., March C.J., Namen A.I., and Park L.S. Cloning of the human and murine interleukin-7 receptors: Demonstration of a soluble form and homology to a new receptor superfamily. Cell 60 (1990) 941-951
95. Gorin E., and Goodman H.M. Turnover of growth hormone receptors in rat adipocytes. Endocrinology 116 (1985) 1796-1805
96. 125I]human growth hormone in rat adipocytes. Endocrinology 115 (1984) 467-475
97. Gorman D.M., Itoh N., Kitamura T., Schreurs J., Yonehara S., Yahara I., Arai K., and Miyajima A. Cloning and expression of a gene encoding an interleukin-3 receptor like protein: Identification of another member of the cytokine receptor gene family. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87 (1990) 5459-5463
98. Gouilleux F., Pallard C., Dusanter-Fourt I., Wakao H., Haldosen L.-A., Horsted G., Levy D., and Groner B. Prolactin, growth hormone, erythropoietin and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor induce MGF-Stat5 DNA binding activity. EMBO J. 14 (1995) 2005-2013
99. Goujon L., Allevato G., Simonin G., Paquereau L., Le Cam A., Clark J., Nielsen J.H., Djiane J., Postel-Vinay M.-C., Edery M., and Kelly P.A. Cytoplasmic sequences of the growth hormone receptor necessary for signal transduction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91 (1994) 957-961
100. Greenlund A.C., Farrar M.A., Viviano B., and Schreiber R.D. Ligand-induced IFN-gamma receptor tyrosine phosphorylation couples the receptor to its signal transduction system (p91). EMBO J. 13 (1994) 1591-1600
101. Grichting G., and Goodman H.M. Growth hormone maintains its own receptors in rat adipocytes. Endocrinology 119 (1986) 847-854
102. Grichting G., Levy L.K., and Goodman H.M. Relationship between binding and biological effects of human growth hormone in rat adipocytes. Endocrinology 113 (1983) 1111-1120
103. Gronowski A.M., and Rotwein P. Rapid changes in nuclear protein tyrosine phosphorylation after growth hormone treatment in vivo. Identification of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase and stat91. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 7874-7878
104. in press. Gronowski A.M., Zhong Z., Wen Z., Thomas M.J., Darnell Jr. J.E., and Rotwein P. Nuclear actions of growth hormone: Rapid tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Stat1 and Stat3 after in vivo growth hormone treatment. Mol. Endocrinol. (1995) 9
105. Gurland G., Ashcom G., Cochran B.H., and Schwartz J. Rapid events in growth hormone action. Induction of c-fos and c-jun transcription in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes. Endocrinology 127 (1990) 3187-3195
106. Submitted. Hansen L.H., Wang X., Kopchick J.J., Bouchelouche P., Nielsen J.H., Galsgaard E.D., and Billestrup N. Identification of tyrosine residues in the intracellular domain of the growth hormone receptor required for transcriptional signalling and Stat5 activation (1996)
107. Harpur A.G., Andres A.-C., Ziemiecki A., Aston R.R., and Wilks A.F. JAK2, a third member of the JAK family of protein tyrosine kinases. Oncogene 7 (1992) 1347-1353
108. Hatakeyama M., Tsudo M., Minamoto S., Kono T., Doi T., Miyata T., Miyasaka M., and Taniguchi T. Interleukin-2 receptor beta chain gene: Generation of three receptor forms by cloned human alpha- and beta-chain cDNA's. Science 244 (1989) 551-556
109. Hauser S.D., McGrath M.F., Collier R.J., and Krivi G.G. Cloning and in vivo expression of bovine growth hormone receptor mRNA. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 72 (1990) 187-200
110. Hayes T.E., Kitchen A.M., and Cochran B.H. Inducible binding of a factor to the c-fos regulatory region. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84 (1987) 1272-1276
111. He T.-C., Jiang N., Zhuang H., Quelle D., and Wojchowski D. The extended box 2 subdomain of erythropoietin receptor is nonessential for Jak2 activation yet critical for efficient mitogenesis in FDC-ER cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 18291-18294
112. Heinrichs C., Yanovski J.A., Roth A.H., Yu Y.M., Domene H.M., Yano K., Cutler G.B.J., and Baron J. Dexamethasone increases growth hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels in liver and growth plate. Endocrinology 135 (1994) 1113-1118
113. Hemmi S., Bohni R., Stark G., DiMarco F., and Aguet M. A novel member of the interferon receptor family complements functionality of the murine interferon gamma receptor in human cells. Cell 76 (1994) 803-810
114. Herrera R., Ro H.S., Robinson G.S., Xanthopoulos K.G., and Spiegelman B.M. A direct role for C/EBP and the AP-I-binding site in gene expression linked to adipocyte differentiation. Mol. Cell Biol. 9 (1989) 5331-5339
115. Hibi M., Murakami M., Saito M., Hirano T., Taga T., and Kishimoto T. Molecular cloning and expression of an IL-6 signal transducer, gp130. Cell 63 (1990) 1149-1157
116. Hill D.J., Riley S.C., Bassett N.S., and Waters M.J. Localization of the growth hormone receptor, identified by immunocytochemistry, in second trimester human fetal tissues and in placenta throughout gestation. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 75 (1992) 646-650
117. Hilton D.J., Hilton A.A., Raicevic A., Rakar S., Harrison-Smith M., Gough N.M., Begley C.G., Metcalf D., Nicola N.A., and Wilson T.A. Cloning of a murine IL-11 receptor alpha-chain; requirement for gp130 for high affinity binding and signal transduction. EMBO J. 13 (1994) 4765-4775
118. Ho A.S.Y., Liu Y., Khan T., Hsu D.-H., Bazan J.F., and Moore K.W. A receptor for interleukin-10 is related to interferon receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90 (1993) 11267-11271
119. Hocquette J.F., Postel-Vinay M.C., Kayser C., de Hemptinne B., and Amar-Costesec A. The human liver growth hormone receptor. Endocrinology 125 (1989) 2167-2174
120. Honnebier W.J., and Swaab D.F. The influence of anencephaly upon intrauterine growth of the fetus and placenta and upon gestation length. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 80 (1973) 577-588
121. Huang N., Cagburn L.A., Agarwal S.K., Marks H.L., and Burnside J. Overexpression of a truncated growth hormone receptor in the sex-linked dwarf chicken: Evidence for a splice mutation. Mol. Endocrinol. 7 (1993) 1391-1398
122. Husman B., Haldosen L.A., Andersson G., and Gustafsson J.A. Characterization of the somatogenic receptor in rat liver. Hydrodynamic properties and affinity cross-linking. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988) 3963-3970
123. Husman B., Gustafsson J.-A., and Andersson G. Biogenesis of the somatogenic receptor in rat liver. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 690-697
124. Hynes M.A., Van Wyk J.J., Brooks P.J., D'Ercole A.J., Jansen M., and Lund P.K. Growth hormone dependence of somatomedin-C/insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor II messenger ribonucleic acids. Mol. Endocrinol. 1 (1987) 233-242
125. Ilondo M.M., De Meyts P., and Bouchelouche P. Human growth hormone increases cytosolic free calcium in cultured human IM-9 lymphocytes: A novel mechanism of growth hormone transmembrane signalling. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 202 (1994) 391-397
126. Ip N.Y., Nye S.H., Boulton T.G., Davis S., Taga T., Li Y., Birren S.J., Yasukawa K., Kishimoto T., Anderson D.J., Stahl N., and Yancopoulos G.D. CNTF and LIF act on neuronal cells via shared signaling pathways that involve the IL-6 transducing receptor component gp130. Cell 69 (1992) 1121-1132
127. Isaksson O.G., Jansson J.O., and Gause I.A. Growth hormone stimulates longitudinal bone growth directly. Science 216 (1982) 1237-1239
128. Isaksson O.G.P., Eden S., and Jansson J.-O. Mode of action of pituitary growth hormone on target cells. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 47 (1985) 483-499
129. Itoh N., Yonehara S., Schreurs J., Gorman D.M., Maruyama K., Ishii A., Yahara I., Arai K., and Miyajima A. Cloning of an interleukin-3 receptor gene: A member of a distinct receptor gene family. Science 247 (1990) 324-327
130. Johnson R.M., Napier M.A., Cronin M.J., and King K.L. Growth hormone stimulates the formation of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol in rat hepatocytes. Endocrinology 127 (1990) 2099-2103
131. Johnson R.S., Spiegelman B.M., and Papaioannou V. Pleiotropic effects of a null mutation in the c-fos proto-oncogene. Cell 71 (1992) 577-586
132. Johnston J.A., Kawamura M., Kirken R.A., Chen Y.-Q., Blake T.B., Shibuya K., Ortaldo J.R., McVicar D.W., and O'Shea J.J. Phosphorylation and activation of the Jak-3 Janus kinase in response to interleukin-2. Nature 370 (1994) 151-153
133. Kachra Z., Barash I., Yannopoulos C., Khan M.N., Guyda H.J., and Posner B.I. The differential regulation by glucagon and growth hormone of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and IGF binding proteins in cultured rat hepatocytes. Endocrinology 128 (1991) 1723-1730
134. Kessler D.S., Veals S.A., Fu X.-Y., and Levy D.E. Interferon-alpha regulates nuclear translocation and DNA-binding affinity of ISGF3, a multimeric transcriptional activator. Genes Dev. 4 (1990) 1753-1765
135. King A., and Carter-Su C. Dexamethasone-induced antagonism of growth hormone (GH) action by down-regulation of GH binding in 3T3-F442A fibroblasts. Encodrinology 136 (1995) 4796-4803
136. Kitamura T., Sato N., Arai K., and Miyajima A. Expression cloning of the human IL-3 receptor cDNA reveals a shared beta subunit for the human IL-3 and GM-CSF receptors. Cell 66 (1991) 1165-1174
137. Klempt M., Bingham B., Breier B.H., Baumbach W.R., and Gluckman P.D. Tissue distribution and ontogeny of growth hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid and ligand binding to hepatic tissue in the midgestation sheep fetus. Endocrinology 132 (1993) 1071-1077
138. Kostyo J.L., and Nutting D.F. Acute in vivo effects of growth hormone on protein synthesis in various tissues of hypophysectomized rats and their relationship to the levels of thymidine factor and insulin in the plasma. Horm. Metab. Res. 5 (1973) 167-172
139. Landron D., Dugail I., Ardouin B., Quignard-Boulange A., and Postel-Vinay M.C. Growth hormone binding to cultured preadipocytes from obese fa/fa rats increased during cell differentiation. Horm. Metab. Res. 19 (1987) 403-406
140. Larner A.C., David M., Feldman G.M., Igarashi K., Hackett R.H., Webb D.S.A., Sweitzer S.M., Petricoin III E.F., and Finbloom D.S. Tyrosine phosphorylation of DNA binding proteins by multiple cytokines. Science 261 (1993) 1730-1733
141. Laron Z., Pertzelan A., and Mannheimer S. Genetic pituitary dwarfism with high serum concentration of growth hormone-a new inborn error of metabolism?. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 2 (1966) 152-155
142. LeBrun J.-J., Ali S., Goffin V., Ullrich A., and Kelly P.A. A single phosphotyrosine residue of the prolactin receptor is responsible for activation of gene transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92 (1995) 4031-4035
143. Leung D.W., Spencer S.A., Cachianes G., Hammonds R.G., Collins C., Henzel W.J., Barnard R., Waters M.J., and Wood W.I. Growth hormone receptor and serum binding protein: Purification, cloning and expression. Nature 330 (1987) 537-543
144. Lim L., Spencer S.A., McKay P., and Waters M.J. Regulation of growth hormone (GH) bioactivity by a recombinant human GH-binding protein. Endocrinology 127 (1990) 1287-1291
145. Lindahl A., Isgaard J., Carlsson L., and Isaksson O.G.P. Differential effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I on colony formation of epiphyseal chondrocytes in suspension culture in rats of different ages. Endocrinology 121 (1987) 1061-1069
146. Lobie P.E., Breipohl W., Aragon J.G., and Waters M.J. Cellular localization of the growth hormone receptor/binding protein in the male and female reproductive systems. Endocrinology 126 (1990) 2214-2221
147. Lobie P.E., Wood T.J., Chen C.M., Waters M.J., and Norstedt G. Nuclear translocation and anchorage of the growth hormone receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 31735-31746
148. Lord K.A., Abdollahi A., Hoffman-Liebermann B., and Liebermann D.A. Proto-oncogenes of the fos/jun family of transcription factors are positive regulators of myeloid differentiation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13 (1993) 841-851
149. Lovinger R.D., Kaplan S.L., and Grumbach M.M. Congenital hypopituitarism associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia and microphalius: 4 cases secondary to hypothalamic hormone deficiencies. J. Pediatr. 87 (1975) 1171-1181
150. Lowe W.L.J., Roberts C.T.J., Lasky S.R., and LeRoith D. Differential expression of alternative 5′-untranslated regions in mRNAs encoding rat insulin-like growth factor I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84 (1987) 8946-8950
151. Lucy M.C., Collier R.J., Kitchell M.L., Dibner J.J., Hauser S.D., and Krivi G.G. Immunohistochemical and nucleic acid analysis of somatotropin receptor populations in the bovine ovary. Biol. Reprod. 48 (1993) 1219-1227
152. Lutticken C., Wegenka U.M., Yuan J., Buschmann J., Schindler C., Ziemiecki A., Harpur A.G., Wilks A.F., Yasukawa K., Taga T., Kishimoto T., Barbieri G., Pellegrini S., Sendtner M., Heinrich P.C., and Horn F. Association of transcription factor APRF and protein kinase Jakl with the interleukin-6 signal transducer gp130. Science 263 (1994) 89-92
153. Madsen K., Friberg U., Roos P., Eden S., and Isaksson O. Growth hormone stimulates the proliferation of the cultured chondrocytes from rabbit ear and rat rib growth cartilage. Nature 304 (1983) 545-547
154. Maes M., De Hertogh R., Watrin-Granger P., and Ketelslegers J.M. Ontogeny of liver somatotropic and lactogenic binding sites in male and female rats. Endocrinology 113 (1983) 1325-1332
155. Maiter D., Walker J.L., Adam E., Moats-Staats B., Mulumba N., Ketelslegers J.-M., and Underwood L.E. Differential regulation by growth hormone (GH) of insulin-like growth factor I and GH receptor/binding protein gene expression in rat liver. Endocrinology 130 (1992) 3257-3264
156. Mathews L.S., Norstedt G., and Palmiter R.D. Regulation of insulin-like growth factor I gene expression by growth hormone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83 (1986) 9343-9347
157. Mathews L., Enberg B., and Norstedt G. Regulation of rat growth hormone receptor gene expression. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 9905-9910
158. Meacham L.R., Brown M.R., Murphy T.L., Keret R., Silbergeld A., Laron Z., and Parks J.S. Characterization of a noncontiguous gene deletion of the growth hormone receptor in Laron's syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 77 (1993) 1379-1383
159. Mercado M., DaVila N., McLeod J.F., and Baumann G. Distribution of growth hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid containing and lacking exon 3 in human tissues. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78 (1994) 731-735
160. Mercola K.E., Cline M.J., and Golde D.W. Growth hormone stimulation of normal and leukemic human T-lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. Blood 58 (1981) 337-340
161. Merimee T.J., Rimoin D.L., Rabinowitz D., Cavalli-Sforza L.L., and McKusich V.A. Metabolic studies in the African pygmy. Trans. Assoc. Am. Physicians 81 (1968) 221-230
162. Merimee T.J., Zapf J., and Froesch E.R. Insulin-like growth factors in pygmies and subjects with the pygmy trait: Characterization of the metabolic actions of IGF-I and IGF-II in man. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 55 (1982) 1081-1088
163. Merimee T.J., Hewlett B.S., Wood W., Bowcock A.M., and Cavalli-Sforza L.L. The growth hormone receptor gene in the African pygmy. Trans. Assoc. Am. Physicians 102 (1989) 163-169
164. Meyer D.J., Stephenson E.W., Johnson L., Cochran B.H., and Schwartz J. The serum response element can mediate the induction of c-fos by growth hormone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90 (1993) 6721-6725
165. Meyer D.J., Campbell G.S., Cochran B.H., Argetsinger L.S., Larner A.C., Finbloom D.S., Carter-Su C., and Schwartz J. Growth hormone induces a DNA binding factor related to the interferon-stimulated 91kD transcription factor. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 4701-4704
166. Miyazaki T., Maruyama M., Yamada G., Hatakeyama M., and Taniguchi T. The integrity of the conserved 'WS motif' common to IL-2 and other cytokine receptors is essential for ligand binding and signal transduction. EMBO J. 10 (1991) 3191-3197
167. Moldrup A., Billestrup N., Dryberg T., and Nielsen J.H. Growth hormone action in rat insulinoma cells expressing truncated growth hormone receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 266 (1991) 17441-17445
168. Moldrup A., Petersen E.D., and Nielsen J.H. Effects of sex and pregnancy hormones on growth hormone and prolactin receptor gene expression in insulin-producing cells. Endocrinology 133 (1993) 1165-1172
169. Moller C., Hansson A., Enberg B., Lobie P.E., and Norstedt G. Growth hormone induction of tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in cells transfected with rat GH receptor cDNA. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 23403-23408
170. Moller C., Emtner M., Arner P., and Norstedt G. Growth hormone regulation of lipid metabolism in cells transfected with growth hormone receptor cDNA. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 99 (1994) 111-117
171. Morgan E.T., MacGeoch C., and Gustafsson J.A. Hormonal and developmental regulation of expression of the hepatic microsomal steroid 16-alpha-hydroxylase cytochrome P-450 apoprotein in the rat. J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985) 11895-11898
172. Morikawa M., Nixon T., and Green H. Growth hormone and the adipose conversion of 3T3 cells. Cell 29 (1982) 783-789
173. Mosley B., Beckmann M.P., March C.J., Idzerda R.L., Gimpel S.D., VandenBos T., Friend D., Alpert A., Anderson D., Jackson J., Wignall J.M., Smith C., Gallis B., Sims J.E., Urdal D., Widmer M.B., Cosman D., and Park L.S. The murine interleukin-4 receptor: Molecular cloning and characterization of secreted and membrane-bound forms. Cell 59 (1989) 335-348
174. Muller M., Briscoe J., Laxton C., Guschin D., Ziemiecki A., Silvennoinen O., Harpur A.G., Barbieri G., Witthuhn B.A., Schindler C., Pellegrini S., Wilks A.F., Ihle J.N., Stark G.R., and Kerr I.M. The protein tyrosine kinase JAK1 complements defects in interferon-alpha/beta and -gamma signal transduction. Nature 366 (1993) 129-135
175. Mullis P.E., Lund T., Patel M.S., Brook C.G.D., and Brickell P.M. Regulation of human growth hormone receptor gene expression by human growth hormone in a human hepatoma cell line. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 76 (1991) 125-133
176. Murakami M., Narazaki M., Hibi M., Yawata H., Yasukawa K., Hamaguchi M., Taga T., and Kishimoto T. Critical cytoplasmic region of the interleukin-6 signal transducer gp130 is conserved in the cytokine receptor family. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88 (1991) 11349-11353
177. Murphy L.J., and Lazarus L. The mouse fibroblast growth hormone receptor: Ligand processing and receptor modulation and turnover. Endocrinology 115 (1984) 1625-1631
178. Murphy L.J., Bell G.I., and Friesen H.G. Growth hormone stimulates sequential induction of c-myc and insulin-like growth factor I expression in vivo. Endocrinology 120 (1987) 1806-1812
179. Niall H.D., Hogan M.L., Sayer R., Rosenblum I.Y., and Greenwood I.C. Sequences of pituitary and placental lactogenic and growth hormones. Evolution from a primordial peptide by gene duplication. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68 (1971) 866-870
180. Nilsson A., Carlsson B., Mathews L., and Isaksson O.G.P. Growth hormone regulation of the growth hormone receptor mRNA in cultured rat epiphyseal chondrocytes. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 70 (1990) 237-246
181. Nixon T., and Green H. Contribution of growth hormone to the adipogenic activity of serum. Endocrinology 114 (1984) 527-532
182. Nixon B.T., and Green H. Growth hormone promotes the differentiation of myoblasts and preadipocyates generated by azacytidine treatment of 10T1/2 cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81 (1984) 3429-3432
183. Norstedt G., and Moller C. Growth hormone induction of insulin-like growth factor I messenger RNA in primary cultures of rat liver cells. J. Endocrinol. 115 (1987) 135-139
184. Noshiro M., and Negishi M. Pretranslational regulation of sex-dependent testosterone hydrozylases by growth hormone in mouse liver. J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1986) 15827-15923
185. Novick D., Cohen B., and Rubinstein M. The human interferon alpha/beta receptor: Characterization and molecular cloning. Cell 77 (1994) 391-400
186. Nutting D.F. Ontogeny of sensitivity to growth hormone in rat diaphragm muscle. Endocrinology 98 (1976) 1273-1283
187. Ohmichi M., Matuoka K., Takenawa T., and Saltiel A.R. Growth factors differentially stimulate the phosphorylation of Shc proteins and their association with Grb2 in PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 1143-1148
188. O'Neal K.D., and Yu-Lee L.-Y. The proline-rich motif (PRM): A novel feature of the cytokine receptor superfamily. Lymphokine and Cytokine Res. 12 (1993) 309-312
189. Pawson T., and Schlessinger J. SH2 and SH3 domains. Curr. Biol. 3 (1993) 434-442
190. Penn L.J.Z., Laufer E.M., and Land H. C-MYC: Evidence for multiple regulatory functions. Seminar Cancer Biol. 1 (1990) 69-80
191. Picard F., and Postel-Vinay M.-C. Hyposphysectomy and growth hormone receptors in liver membranes of male rats. Endocrinology 114 (1984) 1328-1333
192. Postel-Vinay M.-C., Cohen-Tanugi E., and Charrier J. Growth hormone receptors in rat liver membranes: Effects of fasting and refeeding and correlation with plasma somatomedin activity. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 28 (1982) 657-669
193. Postel-Vinay M.-C., Durand D., Lopez S., Kayser C., and Lavau M. Increased growth hormone binding to liver membranes of obese Zucker rats. Horm. Metab. Res. 22 (1990) 7-11
194. Pradines-Figueres A., Barcellini-Couget S., Dani C., Vannier C., and Ailhaud G. Transcriptional control of the expression of lipoprotein lipase gene by growth hormone in preadipocyte OB1771 cells. J. Lipid Res. 31 (1990) 1283-1291
195. Pulverer B.J., Kyriakis J.M., Avruch J., Nikolakaki E., and Woodgett J.R. Nature 353 (1991) 670-674
196. Quelle D.E., Quelle F.W., and Wojchowski D.M. Mutations in the WSAWSE and cytosolic domains of the erythropoietin receptor affect signal transduction and ligand binding and internalization. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 (1992) 4553-4561
197. Quelle F.W., Sato N., Witthuhn B.A., Inhorn R.C., Eder M., Miyajima A., Griffin J.D., and Ihle J.N. JAK2 associates with the beta-chain of the receptor for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and its activation requires the membrane-proximal region. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (1994) 4335-4341
198. Rane S.G., and Reddy E.P. JAK3: A novel JAK kinase associated with terminal differentiation of hematopoietic cells. Oncogene 9 (1994) 2415-2423
199. Ranke M.B., Stanley C.A., Tenore A., Rodbard D., Bongiovanni A.M., and Parks J.S. Characterization of somatogenic and lactogenic binding sites in isolated rat hepatocytes. Endocrinology 99 (1976) 1033-1045
200. Rauscher F.J., Voulalas P.J., Franza B.R.J., and Curran T. Fos and Jun bind cooperatively to the AP-1 site: Reconstitution in vitro. Genes Dev. 2 (1988) 1687-1699
201. Ravichandran K.S., and Burakoff S.J. The adaptor protein Shc interacts with the Interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor upon IL-2 stimulation. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 1599-1602
202. Raz R., Durbin J.E., and Levy D.E. Acute phase response factor, an ISGF3 homologue that integrates diverse signals from cytokines, interferons, and growth factors. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 24391-24395
203. Renauld J.C., Druez C., Kermouni A., Houssiau F., Uyttenhove C., Van Roost E., and Van Snick J. Expression cloning of the murine and human interleukin-9 receptor cDNAs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 (1992) 5690-5694
204. Ridderstrale M., and Tornqvist H. PI-3-kinase inhibitor Wortmannin blocks the insulin-like effects of growth hormone in isolated rat adipocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 203 (1994) 306-310
205. Ridderstrale M., Degerman E., and Tornqvist H. Growth hormone stimulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate-1 and its association with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in primary adipocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 3471-3474
206. Roberts C.T.J., Brown A.L., Graham D.E., Seelig S., Berry S., Gabbay K.H., and Rechler M.M. Growth hormone regulates the abundance of insulin-like growth factor I in adult rat liver. J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1986) 10025-10028
207. Roberts C.T.J., Lasky S.R., Lowe W.L.J., Seaman W.T., and LeRoith D. Molecular cloning of rat insulin-like growth factor I complementary deoxyribonucleic acids: Differential messenger ribonucleic acid processing and regulation by growth hormone in extrahepatic tissues. Mol. Endocrinol. 1 (1987) 243-248
208. Rogers S.A., and Hammerman M.R. Growth hormone activates phospholipase-C in proximal tubular basolateral membranes from canine kidney. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86 (1989) 6363-6366
209. Roupas P., and Herington A.C. Receptor-mediated endocytosis and degradative processing of growth hormone by rat adipocytes in primary culture. Endocrinology 120 (1987) 2158-2165
210. Roupas P., and Herington A.C. Intracellular processing of growth hormone receptors by adipocytes in primary culture. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 57 (1988) 93-99
211. Roupas P., Chou S.Y., Towns R.J., and Kostyo J.L. Growth hormone inhibits activation of phosphatidylinositol phospholipase-C in adipose plasma membranes: Evidence for a growth hormone-induced change in G protein function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88 (1991) 1691-1695
212. Rozakis-Adcock M., and Kelly P.A. Identification of ligand-binding determinants of the prolactin receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 7428-7433
213. Rozakis-Adcock M., McGlade J., Mbamalu G., Pelicci G., Daly R., Li W., Batzer A., Thomas S., Brugge J., Pelicci P.G., Schlessinger J., and Pawson T. Association of the Shc and Grb2/Sem5 SH2-containing proteins is implicated in activation of the Ras pathway by tyrosine kinases. Nature 360 (1992) 689-692
214. Ruff-Jamison S., Chen K., and Cohen S. Induction by EGF and interferon-gamma of tyrosine phosphorylated DNA-binding proteins in mouse liver nuclei. Science 261 (1993) 1733-1736
215. Rui H., Kirken R.A., and Farrar W.L. Activation of receptor-associated tyrosine kinase JAK2 by prolactin. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 5364-5368
216. Rui, L.-Y., Virgo, D., Argetsinger, L. S., Carter-Su, C. (1996), in preparation.
217. Sadowski H.B., Shuai K., Darnell Jr. J.E., and Gilman M.Z. A common nuclear signal transduction pathway activated by growth factor and cytokine receptors. Science 261 (1993) 1739-1744
218. Salles J.P., DeVries C.P., Netelenbos J.C., and Slootweg M.C. Dexamethasone increases and serum decreases growth hormone receptor binding to UMR-106.01 rat osteosarcoma cells. Endocrinology 134 (1994) 1455-1459
219. Schwartz Y., and Goodman H.M. Refractoriness to the insulin-like effects of growth hormone depends upon calcium. Endocrinology 126 (1990) 170-176
220. Schwartz J., Foster C.M., and Satin M.S. Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors I and II produce distinct alterations in glucose metabolism in 3T3-F442A adipocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82 (1985) 8724-8728
221. Schwartz Y., Goodman H.M., and Yamaguchi H. Refractoriness to growth hormone is associated with increased intracellular calcium in rat adipocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88 (1991) 6790-6794
222. Schwartz Y., Yamaguchi H., and Goodman H.M. Growth hormone increases intracellular free calcium in rat adipocytes: Correlation with actions on carbohydrate metabolism. Endocrinology 131 (1992) 772-778
223. Shuai K., Schindler C., Prezioso V.R., and Darnell Jr. J.E. Activation of transcription by IFN-gamma: Tyrosine phosphorylation of a 91-kD DNA-binding protein. Science 258 (1992) 1808-1812
224. Shuai K., Ziemiecki A., Wilks A.F., Harpur A.G., Sadowski H.B., Gilman M.Z., and Darnell Jr. J.E. Polypeptide signalling to the nucleus through tyrosine phosphorylation of Jak and Stat proteins. Nature 366 (1993) 580-583
225. Shuai K., Horvath C.M., Huang L.H.T., Qureshi S.A., Cowburn D., and Darnell Jr. J.E. Interferon activation of the transcription factor Stat91 involves dimerization through SH2-phosphotyrosyl peptide interactions. Cell 76 (1994) 821-828
226. Siegfried Z., and Ziff E.B. Transcription activation by serum, PDGF, and TPA through the c-fos DSE: Cell type specific requirements for induction. Oncogene 4 (1989) 3-11
227. Silva C.M., Day R.N., Weber M.J., and Thorner M.O. Human growth hormone (GH) receptor is characterized as the 134-kilodalton tyrosine-phosphorylated protein activated by GH treatment in IM-9 cells. Endocrinology 133 (1993) 2307-2312
228. Silva C.M., Lu H., Weber M.J., and Thorner M.O. Differential tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1, JAK2, and STAT1 by growth hormone and interferon-gamma in IM-9 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 27532-27539
229. Silvennoinen O., Schindler C., Schlessinger J., and Levy D.E. Ras-independent growth factor signaling by transcription factor tyrosine phosphorylation. Science 261 (1993) 1736-1739
230. Silvennoinen O., Witthuhn B., Quelle F.W., Cleveland J.L., Yi T., and Ihle J.N. Structure of the JAK2 protein tyrosine kinase and its role in IL-3 signal transduction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90 (1993) 8429-8433
231. Silvennoinen O., Ihle J.N., Schlessinger J., and Levy D.E. Interferon-induced nuclear signalling by Jak protein tyrosine kinase. Nature 366 (1993) 583-585
232. Silvennoinen O., Schindler C., Schlessinger J., and Levy D.E. Ras-independent growth factor signaling by transcription factor tyrosine phosphorylation. Science 261 (1993) 1736-1739
233. Slootweg M.C., deGroot R.P., Herrmann-Erlee M.P., Koornneef I., Kruijer W., and Kramer Y.M. Growth hormone induces expression of c-jun and jun B oncogenes and employs a protein kinase-C signal transduction pathway for the induction of c-fos oncogene expression. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 6 (1991) 179-188
234. Smal J., and De Meyts P. Role of kinase-C in the insulin-like effects of human growth hormone in rat adipocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 147 (1987) 1232-1240
235. in press. Smit L.S., Meyer D.J., Billestrup N., Norstedt G., Schwartz J., and Carter-Su C. The role of the growth hormone receptor and JAK1 and JAK2 kinases in the activation of Stats 1, 3 and 5 by growth hormone. Mol. Endocrinol. (1996)
236. Smith W.C., Kuniyoshi J., and Talamantes F. Mouse serum growth hormone (GH)-binding protein has GH receptor extracellular and substituted transmembrane domains. Mol. Endocrinol. 3 (1989) 984-990
237. Sobrier M.-L., Duquesnoy P., Duriez B., Amselem S., and Goossens M. Expression and binding properties of two isoforms of the human growth hormone receptor. FEBS 319 (1993) 16-20
238. Soh J., Donnelly R.J., Kotenko S., Mariano T.M., Cook J.R., Wang N., Emanuel S., Schwartz B., Miki T., and Pestka S. Identification and sequence of an accessory factor required for activation of the human interferon gamma receptor. Cell 76 (1994) 793-802
239. Sotiropoulos A., Perrot-Applanat M., Dinerstein H., Pallier A., Postel-Vinay M.-C., Finidori J., and Kelly P.A. Distinct cytoplasmic regions of the growth hormone receptor are required for activation of JAK2, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and transcription. Endocrinology 135 (1994) 1292-1298
240. Souza S.C., Frick G.P., Yip R., Lobo R.B., Tai L.-R., and Goodman H.M. Growth hormone stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 30085-30088
241. Stahl N., Boulton T.G., Farruggella T., Ip N.Y., Davis S., Witthuhn B.A., Quelle F.W., Silvennoinen O., Barbieri G., Pellegrini S., Ihle J.N., and Yancopoulos G.D. Association and activation of Jak-Tyk kinases by CNTF-LIF-OSM-IL-6 beta receptor components. Science 263 (1994) 92-95
242. Stahl N., Farruggella T.J., Boulton T.G., Zhong Z., Darnell Jr. J.E., and Yancopoulos G.D. Modular tyrosine-based motifs in cytokine receptors specify choice of STATs and other substrates. Science 267 (1995) 1349-1353
243. Straus D.S., and Takemoto C.D. Effect of fasting on insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and growth hormone receptor mRNA levels and IGF-I gene transcription in rat liver. Mol. Endocrinol. 4 (1990) 91-100
244. Stumpo D.J., Stewart T.N., Gilman M.Z., and Blackshear P.J. Identification of c-fos sequences involved in induction by insulin and phorbol esters. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988) 1611-1614
245. Sun X.J., Rothenberg P., Kahn C.R., Backer J.M., Araki E., Wilden P.A., Cahill D.A., Goldstein B.J., and White M.F. Structure of the insulin receptor substrate IRS-1 defines a unique signal transduction protein. Nature 352 (1991) 73-77
246. Sun X.J., Crimmins D.L., Myers M.G.J., Miralpeix M., and White M.F. Pleiotropic insulin signals are engaged by multisite phosphorylation of IRS-1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13 (1993) 7418-7428
247. Szecowka J., Tai L.-R., and Goodman H.M. Effects of tunicamycin on growth hormone binding in rat adipocytes. Endocrinology 126 (1990) 1834-1841
248. Takahashi T., and Shirasawa T. Molecular cloning of rat JAK3, a novel member of the JAK family of protein tyrosine kinases. FEBS Lett. 342 (1994) 124-128
249. Takaki S., Tominaga A., Hitoshi Y., Sonoda E., Yamaguchi N., and Takatsu K. Molecular cloning and expression of the murine interleukin-5 receptor. EMBO J. 9 (1990) 4367-4374
250. Takeshita T., Asao H., Ohtani K., Ishii N., Kumaki S., Tanaka N., Munakata H., Nakamura M., and Sugamura K. Cloning of the gamma-chain of the human IL-2 receptor. Science 257 (1992) 379-382
251. Thomas M.J., Kikuchi K., Bichell D.P., and Rotwein P. Rapid activation of rat insulin-like growth factor I gene transcription by growth hormone reveals no alterations in deoxyribonucleic acid-protein interactions within the major promoter. Endocrinology 135 (1994) 1584-1592
252. Thomas M.J., Kikuchi K., Bichell D.P., and Rotwein P. Characterization of deoxyribonucleic acid-protein interactions at a growth hormone-inducible nuclease hypersensitive site in the rat insulin-like growth factor I gene. Endocrinology 136 (1995) 562-569
253. Tiong T.S., and Herington A.C. Ontogeny of messenger RNA for the rat growth hormone receptor and serum binding protein. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 83 (1992) 133-141
254. Tiong T.S., Freed K.A., and Herington A.C. Identification and tissue distribution of messenger RNA for the growth hormone receptor in the rabbit. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 158 (1989) 141-148
255. Tonshoff B., Eden S., Weiser E., Carlsson B., Robinson I.C.A.F., Blum W.F., and Mehls O. Reduced hepatic growth hormone (GH) receptor gene expression and increased plasma GH binding protein in experimental uremia. Kidney Int. 45 (1994) 1085-1092
256. Tourkine N., Schindler C., Larose M., and Houdebine L.-M. Activation of STAT factors by prolactin interferon-gamma, growth hormones and a tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor in rabbit primary mammary epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 20952-20961
257. Urbanek M., MacLeod J.N., Cooke N.E., and Liebhaber S.A. Expression of a human growth hormone (hGH) receptor isoform is predicted by tissue-specific alternative splicing of exon 3 of the hGH receptor gene transcript. Mol. Endocrinol. (1992) 279-287
258. Uze G., Lutfalla G., and Gresser I. Genetic transfer of a functional human interferon alpha-receptor into mouse cells: Cloning and expression of its cDNA. Cell 60 (1990) 225-234
259. VanderKuur J.A., Wang X., Zhang L., Campbell G.S., Allevato G., Billestrup N., Norstedt G., and Carter-Su C. Domains of the growth hormone receptor required for association and activation of JAK2 tyrosine kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 21709-21717
260. VanderKuur J., Allevato G., Billestrup N., Norstedt G., and Carter-Su C. Growth hormone-promoted tyrosyl phosphorylation of Shc proteins and Shc association with Grb2. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 7587-7593
261. VanderKuur J., Wang X., Zhang L., Allevato G., Billestrup N., and Carter-Su C. GH-dependent phosphorylation of tyrosine 333 and/or 338 of the growth hormone receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 21738-21744
262. Vigon I., Mornon J.-P., Cocault L., Mitjavila M.-T., Tambourin P., Gisselbrecht S., and Souyri M. Molecular cloning and characterization of MPL, the human homolog of the v-mpl oncogene: Identification of a member of the hematopoietic growth factor receptor superfamily. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 (1992) 5640-5644
263. Vikman K., Carlsson B., Billig H., and Eden S. Expression and regulation of growth hormone (GH) receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in rat adipose tissue, adipocytes, and adipocyte precursor cells: GH regulation of GH receptor mRNA. Endocrinology 129 (1991) 1155-1161
264. Visvader J., Sassone-Corsi P., and Verma I.M. Two adjacent promoter elements mediate nerve growth factor activation of the c-fos gene and bind distinct nuclear complexes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85 (1988) 9474-9478
265. Wagner B.J., Hayes T.E., Hoban C.J., and Cochran B.H. The SIF binding element confers sis/PDGF inducibility onto the c-fos promoter. EMBO J. 9 (1990) 4477-4484
266. Wakao H., Gouilleux F., and Groner B. Mammary gland factor (MGF) is a novel member of the cytokine regulated transcription factor gene family and confers the prolactin response. EMBO J. 13 (1994) 2182-2191
267. Walker J.L., Moats-Staats B.M., Stiles A.D., and Underwood L.E. Tissue-specific developmental regulation of the messenger ribonucleic acids encoding the growth hormone receptor and the growth hormone-binding protein in rat fetal and postnatal tissues. Pediatr. Res. 31 (1992) 335-339
268. Wang Y.-D., and Wood W.I. Amino acids of the human growth hormone receptor that are required for proliferation and Jak-STAT signaling. Mol. Endocrinol. 9 (1995) 303-311
269. Watling D., Guschin D., Muller M., Silvennoinen O., Witthuhn B.A., Quelle F.W., Rogers N.C., Schindler C., Stark G.R., Ihle J.N., and Kerr I.M. Complementation by the protein tyrosine kinase JAK2 of a mutant cell line defective in the interferon-gamma signal transduction pathway. Nature 366 (1993) 166-170
270. Watowich S.S., Yoshimura A., Longmore G.D., Hilton D.J., Yoshimura Y., and Lodish H.F. Homodimerization and constitutive activation of the erythropoietin receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 (1992) 2140-2144
271. Wegenka U.M., Lutticken C., Buschmann J., Yuan J., Lottspeich F., Muller-Esterl W., Schindler C., Roeb E., Heinrich P.C., and Horn F. The interleukin-6-activated acute-phase response factor is antigenically and functionally related to members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (1994) 3186-3196
272. Weyer B., and Sonne O. Receptor-mediated degradation of human growth hormone in rat adipocytes and cultured human lymphocytes (IM-9). Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 41 (1985) 85-92
273. Wilks A.F., Harpur A.G., Kurban R.R., Ralph S.J., Zurcher G., and Ziemiecki A. Two novel protein-tyrosine kinases, each with a second phosphotransferase-related catalytic domain, define a new class of protein kinase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11 (1991) 2057-2065
274. Winston L.A., and Bertics P.J. Growth hormone stimulates the tyrosyl phosphorylation of 42- and 45-kDa ERK-related proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 4747-4751
275. Witthuhn B.A., Quelle F.W., Silvennoinen O., Yi T., Tang B., Miura O., and Ihle J.N. JAK2 associates with the erythropoietin receptor and its tyrosine-phosphorylated and activated following stimulation with erythropoietin. Cell 74 (1993) 227-236
276. Witthuhn B.A., Silvennoinen O., Miura O., Lai K.S., Cwik C., Liu E.T., and Ihle J.N. Involvement of the Jak-3 Janus kinase in signalling by interleukin-2 and -4 in lymphoid and myeloid cells. Nature 370 (1994) 153-157
277. Wood. T.J.J., Slive D., Lobie P.E., Pircher T., Gouilleux F., Wakao H., Gustafson J.-A., Groner B., Norstedt G., and Haldosen L.-A. Mediation of growth hormone-dependent transcriptional activation of mammary gland factor Stat5. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 9448-9453
278. Yamasaki K., Taga T., Hirata Y.Y.H., Kawanishi Y.S.B., Taniguchi T., Hirano T., and Kishimoto T. Cloning and expression of the human interleukin-6 (BSF-2/IFN beta 2) receptor. Science 241 (1988) 825-828
279. Yin T., Yasukawa K., Taga T., Kishimoto T., and Yang Y.-C. Identification of a 130-kilodalton tyrosine-phosphorylated protein kinase, which associates with gp130 signal transducer. Exp. Hematol. 22 (1994) 467-472
280. Ymer S.I., and Herington A.C. Developmental expression of the growth hormone receptor gene in rabbit tissues. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 83 (1992) 39-49
281. Zhong Z., Wen Z., and Darnell Jr. J.E. Stat3: A STAT family member activated by tyrosine phosphorylation in response to epidermal growth factor and interleukin-6. Science 264 (1994) 95-98