Bringing Root Locus to The Classroom

IEEE Control Systems

Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 74-81

  Evans, Gregory Walter ^a  

^a Rockwell International   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONTROL SYSTEM SYNTHESIS; ENGINEERING EDUCATION; POLES AND ZEROS; ROOT LOCI; SERVOMECHANISMS; TEXTBOOKS;

CONTROL SYSTEM DYNAMICS; CONTROL SYSTEM ENGINEERING;

CONTROL THEORY;

EID: 10244252703     PISSN: 1066033X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/MCS.2004.1368483     Document Type: Article

References (111)

1. O.H. Schmitt, “Information for faculty review,” Mar. 25, 1981, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 181.
2. O.H. Schmitt and C.A. Caceres, Eds. Electronic and Computer-Assisted Studies of Bio-Medical Problems, Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 1964.
3. D.B. Geselowitz and P.M. Rautaharju, “Otto H. Schmitt: Professor emeritus, inventor, biophysicist, pioneer in vectorcardiography,” J. Electrocardiology, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 155-156, 1998.
4. K. Young, “Otto Herbert Schmitt.” This is an unpublished (and unfinished) biography started by Schmitt's nephew, which covers Schmitt family history and Otto's life through his early years as an undergraduate. The document is undated, but internal evidence makes clear that Young wrote the piece after Schmitt's death in 1998.
5. O.H. Schmitt, Autobiographical Presentation, Annual Radio Workshop, Pavek Museum of Broadcasting, Minneapolis, Jan. 16, 1994, videocassette recording.
6. F.O. Schmitt, The Never-Ceasing Search. Philadelphia, PA: Amer. Philosophical Soc., 1990.
7. O.H. Schmitt, interview, Dec. 10, 1991, transcript provided by Kenneth Young.
8. F.O. Schmitt and O.H.A. Schmitt, “A vacuum tube method of temperature control,” Science, vol. 73, no. 1889, pp. 289-290, 1931.
9. F.O. Schmitt and O.H.A. Schmitt, “The nature of the nerve impulse: The effect of cyanides upon medullated nerves,” Amer. J. Physiology, vol. 97, no. 2, pp. 302-314, 1931.
10. O.H.A. Schmitt and F.O. Schmitt, “A precision aperiodic thermostat,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 467-473, 1932.
11. O.H.A. Schmitt and F.O. Schmitt, “A universal precision stimulator,” Science, vol. 76, no. 1971, pp. 328-330, 1932.
12. O.H.A. Schmitt, “A method for realizing the full amplification factor of high mu tubes,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 4, no. 12, pp. 661-664, 1933.
13. F.O. Schmitt, H.T. Graham, and O.H.A. Schmitt, “Action of Beratrine on medullated nerve,” Proc. Society Experimental Biology Medicine, vol. 31, pp. 768-770, 1934.
14. O.H.A. Schmitt, “An entirely non-mechanical method for the production of automatically synchronized voltages for the spreading of the oscillograph beam and for stimulation,” Amer. J. Physiology, vol. 34, no. 1, p. 94, 1934.
15. O.H.A. Schmitt, “An automatically regulated precision high voltage source,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 435-437, 1934.
16. O.H. Schmitt, “An electrical theory of nerve propagation,” Ph.D. dissertation, Washington Univ., 1937, p. 64.
17. Washington University: The School of Graduate Studies: Final Examination of Otto Herbert Arnold Schmitt, A.B., Washington University, 1937, for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
18. O.H. Schmitt, “A simple differential amplifier,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 126-127, 1937.
19. L.A. Geddes, “Who invented the differential amplifier?” IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag., vol. 15, pp. 116-117. May/June 1996.
20. O.H. Schmitt to A.V. Hill, May 6, 1937, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
21. A.V. Hill to O.H. Schmitt, May 21, 1937, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
22. V.E. Schmitt, “Questionnaire: Soldan high school fiftieth year class reunion,” 1980, photocopy provided by Kenneth Young.
23. Transcript of family history conversation among Viola C. Meier [Otto's sister], O.H. Schmitt, and Viola E. Schmitt, Jan. 1, 1977, pp. 24-27, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 35.
24. F.O. Schmitt and O.H. Schmitt, “Partial excitation and variable conduction in the squid giant axon,” J. Physiology, vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 26-46, 1940.
25. O.H. Schmitt to E.F. Coleman, Oct. 25, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
26. O.H. Schmitt to H.R. Lang, Nov. 25, 1937, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
27. O.H. Schmitt, “A thermionic trigger,” J. Sci. Instrum., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 24-26.
28. B. Hart, “Picturing Schmitt's trigger,” Electron. World, vol. 105, no. 1764, pp. 1040-1046, 1999.
29. O.H. Schmitt, “An adventure toward development of the new biophysical science and technology,” Apr. 1981, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 173.
30. O.H. Schmitt to F.O. Schmitt, Dec. 14, 1937, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
31. F.O. Schmitt to O.H. Schmitt, Feb. 20, 1939, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
32. F.O. Schmitt to O.H. Schmitt, Dec. 16, 1937, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
33. F.O. Schmitt to O.H. Schmitt, Feb. 28, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
34. O.H. Schmitt to F.O. Schmitt, June 27, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
35. O.H. Schmitt to F.O. Schmitt, July 16, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
36. O.H. Schmitt to R. P. Winfrey, Oct. 18, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
37. R.P. Winfrey to O.H. Schmitt, Oct. 20, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
38. M.B. Visscher to F.O. Schmitt, May 23, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
39. F.O. Schmitt to M.B. Visscher, May 27, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
40. J.T. Tate to O.H. Schmitt, June 1, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
41. O.H. Schmitt to J.T. Tate, June 27, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
42. O.H. Schmitt to F.O. Schmitt, June 27, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
43. O.H. Schmitt to J. T. Tate, Aug. 23, 1938, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
44. M.B. Visscher to F.O. Schmitt, Jan. 26, 1939, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
45. J.T. Tate to O.H. Schmitt, Feb. 17, 1939, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
46. O.H. Schmitt to F.O. Schmitt, Feb. 6, 1939, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
47. F.O. Schmitt to O.H. Schmitt, Feb. 20, 1939, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
48. Otto mentioned this coincidence in a letter to Frank dated Apr. 3, 1939, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
49. O.H. Schmitt to J. T. Tate, Mar. 8, 1939, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF114.
50. K. Young, Notes on Schmitt Papers. This multi-page, handwritten document represents the personal notations made by Young as he made an initial review of the personal papers of Otto Schmitt.
51. O.H. Schmitt to F.O. Schmitt, Oct. 21, 1939, as quoted in Young, Notes on Schmitt papers.
52. S. Eisenberg, “Otto this world,” Minnesota Daily, pp. 8-9, June 5, 1985.
53. V. Bush to O.H. Schmitt, Mar. 8, 1941, photocopy provided by Kenneth Young.
54. Vannevar Bush to O.H. Schmitt, Mar. 29, 1941, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 186.
55. H. Dudar, “Reveal war service of 'Mystery Building,” Newsday, pp. 3, 24-25, 46, Apr. 24, 1946.
56. “U expert perfects 'miracle' machine-radar taught new tricks,” St. Paul Pioneer Press, June 18, 1948.
57. D.B. Geselowitz, “In Memoriam: Otto H. Schmitt,” Ann. Biomed. Eng., vol. 26, pp. 739-740, 1998.
58. A.P. Carideo, “Patently fine: He takes an inventive approach to the growing field of bioengineering,” Minneapolis Star, p. 4C, June 16, 1981.
59. D.M. Miller, “Aug. 31, 1945,” AIL Record, vol. 1, no. 6, p. 5, 1955.
60. O.H. Schmitt to H.M. Chadwell, Sept. 30, 1946, photocopy provided by Kenneth Young.
61. “Scientist predicts closer medicine, physics link,” Minneapolis Star, Jan. 1, 1947.
62. O.H. Schmitt to Sherwood Moore, Apr. 2, 1948, photocopy provided by Kenneth Young.
63. O.H. Schmitt to H. M. Chadwell, Sept. 30, 1946, photocopy provided by Kenneth Young.
64. O.H. Schmitt to J.W. Buchta, D.E. Minnich, and A.O.C. Nier, May 11, 1951, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN Box 162.
65. H.B. Steinbach and A.G. Richards to D.E. Minnich, Apr. 10, 1957, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN,, Box 33. Another source clarifies that Minnich, chair of the Department of Zoology, forwarded this memo to higher level administrators at the university.
66. “Report of the Committee on Biophysics-1959,” O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 33.
67. “Minutes-Ad hoc Committee on Biophysics,” Apr. 3, 1959, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 33.
68. J. Hesse, “Retired EE professor inspires from cozy cluttered office,” Minnesota Daily, p. 1,June 25, 1990.
69. S. Larson, “U researchers a study in nepotism,” Minnesota Daily, p. 3, July 2, 1979.
70. O.H. Schmitt to E. Ackerman, Jan. 13, 1972, photocopy provided by Tom Young.
71. “The Right Connections,” Items, p. 27, Spring 1993.
72. R.P. Patterson, interview by the author, Mar. 28, 2001.
73. O.H. Schmitt, “The emerging science of biophysics,” May 4, 1957, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 33.
74. “How does a nerve work? One of the secrets of life itself is being studied by U researchers,” The Minnesotan, vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 1-2, 10, 1950.
75. O.H. Schmitt, “Application of computers in cardiovascular disease,” Circulation Res., vol. 11, no. 3, p. 513, 1962.
76. J.J. Almasi and O.H. Schmitt, “Basic technology of voluntary cardiorespiratory synchronization in electrocardiology,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 21, pp. 264-273, July 1974.
77. Merriam-Webster OnLine, s.v. “Biomimetics.”
78. O.H. Schmitt, “Biological engineering,” Honeywell Flight Lines, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1-5, 1954.
79. O.H. Schmitt, “Bionics Meeting, Dayton, Ohio,” Mar. 19, 1963, unpublished manuscript, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 190.
80. O.H. Schmitt, “Some interesting and useful biomimetic transforms,” presented at 3rd Int. Biophysics Cong., Boston, Aug. 29-Sept. 3, 1969.
81. O.H. Schmitt to R. Paton, July 12, 1993, photocopy provided by Kenneth Young.
82. “The innovation profile: a test for evaluating your level of inventiveness,” O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 34.
83. V. Schmitt to her parents, Apr. 1, 1966, private communication.
84. H.P. Schwan, “Early organizations of biomedical engineering in the U.S.,” IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag., vol. 12, pp. 25-29, Sept. 1993.
85. “Voices of Experience” [partial transcript of interview of Herman Schwan by Frederik Nebeker, Oct. 6, 1999], IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag., vol. 21, pp. 82-83, May/June 2002.
86. The Joint Executive Committee on Medicine and Biology presents 11th Annual Conference on Electrical Techniques in Medicine and Biology, Minneapolis, Minn., Nov. 19-20-21, 1958, Meeting Announcement Flyer, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 34.
87. H.P. Schwan, “The development of biomedical engineering: historical comments,” O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 34.
88. L.H. Montgomery, “The origin of the professional group on medical electronics,” IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag., vol. 12, pp. 30-33, Sept. 1993.
89. F. Nebeker, “Golden accomplishments in biomedical engineering: 50 years of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society and the emergence of a new disclipline,” IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag., vol. 21, pp. 17-47, May/June 2002.
90. H.P. Schwan, “Organizational development of biomedical engineering,” IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag., vol. 10, pp. 25-29, 33, Sept. 1991.
91. L.V. Berkner to O.H. Schmitt, Sept. 22, 1958, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 34.
92. S.F. Seeley to O.H. Schmitt, Sept. 26, 1958, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF77.
93. J.A. Pitts, The Human Factor: Biomedicine in the Manned Space Program to 1980. Washington, DC: NASA, 1985.
94. O.H. Schmitt to S.F. Seeley, Oct. 13, 1958, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF77.
95. Minutes of the First Meeting of the Executive Council, AF-NRC Committee on Bio-Astronautics, Nov. 10, 1958, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF77.
96. “Bio-Astronotes: News Letter of the Armed Forces-NRC Committee on BioAstronautics,” No. 1, Aug. 31, 1959, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF111.
97. “Annual Report, 1958-1959, Armed Forces NRC Committee on BioAstronautics,” June 4, 1959, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF77.
98. Minutes of Woods Hole Meetings of Armed Forces-NRC Committee on BioAstronautics, July 16-23, 1959, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF77.
99. O.H. Schmitt to H. B. Gotaas, May 19, 1959 [Gotaas was chair of the Panel on Closed Ecological Systems, but Schmitt sent essentially the same letter to the other panel chairs], O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF111.
100. Division of Medical Sciences, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, Division News Letter, No. 8, Mar. 1960, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF111.
101. G.A. Derbyshire, Memorandum for the Record, “Subject: Reorganization SSB Ad hoc Committee onBiological Research and Armed Forces-NRC Committee on Bio-Astronautics,” May 2, 1960, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF111.
102. O.H. Schmitt, “A personalized portable whole-life medical history system,” Clinical Eng. News, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 1-3, 1975.
103. J.S. Williams, “Laufman Prize Winner Otto Herbert Schmitt: Man of Ideas,” Biomed. Instrum. Biol., vol. 26, pp. 449-452, 1992.
104. “Mission Statement,” Archaeus Project Newsletter, vol. 1, no. 1, 16, 1982, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 213.
105. “'Mental Jogging' Boggling,” unidentified photocopy of newspaper clipping (provided by Kenneth Young), internal evidence dates the piece to 1979.
106. “The Radio Workshop [based on a presentation by Otto Schmitt on 16 January 1994],” Pavek Museum of Broadcasting Newsletter, 5, no. 1 [Jan.-Mar. 1994].
107. O.H. Schmitt, “Biophysics (Zoology 155, 156, 157) Tentative Schedule for 1959-1960,” Oct. 1, 1959, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 34.
108. Newsletter of the National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Division of Medical Sciences, no. 8, Mar. 1960, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box SF111.
109. K. Young to J. Harkness, e-mail message, June 11, 2001.
110. O.H. Schmitt, “Center for innovation and technology utilization: design and documentation,” Dec. 6, 1979, O.H. Schmitt Papers, University Archives, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Box 207.
111. O.H. Schmitt and E. Simonson, “The present status of vectocardiography,” AMA Archives Internal Med., vol. 96, p. 576, Nov. 1955.