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Volumn 54, Issue 9-10, 2004, Pages

The Energy Charter Treaty: Norms, rules, and implementation;Der energiecharta-vertrag - Normen, regeln, implementierung

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EID: 10144258666     PISSN: 00306428     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (3)

References (69)
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    • Sekretariat der Energiecharta, 6.4.2004; 〈www.encharter.org/index. jsp?psk=0501&ptp=tDetail.jsp&pci=24&pti=21〉. Einen Überblick über die Entstehung des Energiecharta-Vertrages bieten Julia Dore, Robert de Bauw: The Energy Charter Treaty. Origins, Aims and Prospects. London 1995, S. 1-34. Als Vertragsstaaten werden in diesem Aufsatz die Vertragsparteien bezeichnet, die den ECV unterschrieben haben, sowie die Staaten, die den Vertrag provisorisch anwenden. Die EU gilt in diesem Kontext genauso als Vertragsstaat wie die einzelnen EU-Mitgliedstaaten. Der Staat, aus dem ein Investor kommt, wird als "Heimatstaat" bezeichnet, der Staat, in dem eine Investition getätigt wird, als "Gaststaat". Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich überwiegend mit osteuropäischen Gaststaaten und westeuropäischen Heimatstaaten.
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    • Sekretariat der Energiecharta, 6.4.2004; 〈www.encharter.org/index. jsp?psk=0501&ptp=tDetail.jsp&pci=24&pti=21〉. Einen Überblick über die Entstehung des Energiecharta-Vertrages bieten Julia Dore, Robert de Bauw: The Energy Charter Treaty. Origins, Aims and Prospects. London 1995, S. 1-34. Als Vertragsstaaten werden in diesem Aufsatz die Vertragsparteien bezeichnet, die den ECV unterschrieben haben, sowie die Staaten, die den Vertrag provisorisch anwenden. Die EU gilt in diesem Kontext genauso als Vertragsstaat wie die einzelnen EU-Mitgliedstaaten. Der Staat, aus dem ein Investor kommt, wird als "Heimatstaat" bezeichnet, der Staat, in dem eine Investition getätigt wird, als "Gaststaat". Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich überwiegend mit osteuropäischen Gaststaaten und westeuropäischen Heimatstaaten.
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    • Der Beobachterstatus der USA and Kanadas spiegelt denn auch nicht unbedingt ein anhaltendes Interesse am ECV wider
    • Der Beobachterstatus der USA and Kanadas spiegelt denn auch nicht unbedingt ein anhaltendes Interesse am ECV wider.
  • 4
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    • The Hague Die Webseite der Energiecharta
    • Thomas Wälde (ed.): The Energy Charter Treaty. The Hague 1996. - Die Webseite der Energiecharta 〈www.encharter.org/index.jsp?psk=01&ptp= tDetail.jsp&pci=265&pti=12〉.
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    • Zum Begriff Soft-law vgl. Dinah Shelton (ed.): Commitment and compliance: the role of non-binding norms in the international legal system. Oxford, 2000. - Kenneth W. Abbott, Duncan Snidal: Hard and Soft Law in International Governance, in: International Organization, 3/2000, S. 421-456. - Gerard Hafner: General Principles of Sustainable Development: From Soft Law to Hard Law, in: Malgosia A. Fitzmaurice, Milena Szuniewicz: Exploitation of Natural Resources in the 21st Century. The Hague 2003, S. 53-66.
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    • Hard and soft law in international governance
    • Zum Begriff Soft-law vgl. Dinah Shelton (ed.): Commitment and compliance: the role of non-binding norms in the international legal system. Oxford, 2000. - Kenneth W. Abbott, Duncan Snidal: Hard and Soft Law in International Governance, in: International Organization, 3/2000, S. 421-456. - Gerard Hafner: General Principles of Sustainable Development: From Soft Law to Hard Law, in: Malgosia A. Fitzmaurice, Milena Szuniewicz: Exploitation of Natural Resources in the 21st Century. The Hague 2003, S. 53-66.
    • (2000) International Organization , vol.3 , pp. 421-456
    • Abbott, K.W.1    Snidal, D.2
  • 7
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    • General principles of sustainable development: From soft law to hard law
    • Malgosia A. Fitzmaurice, Milena Szuniewicz: The Hague
    • Zum Begriff Soft-law vgl. Dinah Shelton (ed.): Commitment and compliance: the role of non-binding norms in the international legal system. Oxford, 2000. - Kenneth W. Abbott, Duncan Snidal: Hard and Soft Law in International Governance, in: International Organization, 3/2000, S. 421-456. - Gerard Hafner: General Principles of Sustainable Development: From Soft Law to Hard Law, in: Malgosia A. Fitzmaurice, Milena Szuniewicz: Exploitation of Natural Resources in the 21st Century. The Hague 2003, S. 53-66.
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    • Hafner, G.1
  • 8
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    • Art. 1 (6) ECV: Der deutsche Vertragstext unter
    • Art. 1 (6) ECV: Definition des Begriffs "Investition". Der deutsche Vertragstext unter: 〈www.encharter.org//upload/9/ 1724204385887656542205005981018716455631140743180 f738v3.pdf〉.
    • Definition des Begriffs "Investition"
  • 9
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    • Vgl. die diskussion der unterschiede zwischen ausländischen investitionen und portfolio-investitionen
    • Art. 1 (6) (b) ECV. Cambridge
    • Art. 1 (6) (b) ECV. - Vgl. die Diskussion der Unterschiede zwischen ausländischen Investitionen und Portfolio-Investitionen in: M. Sornarajah: The International Law on Foreign Investment. Cambridge 1994, S. 4-8.
    • (1994) The International Law on Foreign Investment , pp. 4-8
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  • 10
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    • Art. 1 (5) ECV (definiert die ökonomische Aktivität im Energiesektor). - Anhang NI ECV
    • Art. 1 (5) ECV (definiert die ökonomische Aktivität im Energiesektor). - Anhang NI ECV.
  • 11
    • 85008603764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Art. 10(2), (3) und (7) ECV
    • Art. 10(2), (3) und (7) ECV.
  • 12
    • 10144236421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The difficulty behind securing sector-specific investment establishment rights: The case of the energy charter treaty
    • Art. 10 (5), (6), und (9) ECV.
    • Art. 10 (5), (6), und (9) ECV. - Saamir Elshihabi: The Difficulty Behind Securing Sector-Specific Investment Establishment Rights: The Case of the Energy Charter Treaty, in: International Lawyer, 35/2001, S. 137-158.
    • (2001) International Lawyer , vol.35 , pp. 137-158
    • Elshihabi, S.1
  • 14
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    • Art. 26(1) ECV
    • Art. 26(1) ECV.
  • 15
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    • Art. 26 (2), (3) und (4) ECV
    • Art. 26 (2), (3) und (4) ECV.
  • 16
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    • Art. 26 (8) ECV
    • Art. 26 (8) ECV.
  • 17
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    • International project finance and arbitration with public sector entities: When is arbitrability a fiction?
    • Mark Kantor: International Project Finance and Arbitration with Public Sector Entities: When Is Arbitrability a Fiction? In: Fordham International Law Journal, 24/2001, S. 1122-1183.
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  • 18
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    • Art. 26 (3) (a) und (b) ECV. Dazu gehören Bulgarien, Kroatien, Tschechien, die EU, Ungarn, Polen, Rumänien, Rußland und Slowenien
    • Art. 26 (3) (a) und (b) ECV. - Anhang ID, ECV: Hier werden 24 Unterzeichnerstaaten genannt, die so optiert haben. Dazu gehören Bulgarien, Kroatien, Tschechien, die EU, Ungarn, Polen, Rumänien, Rußland und Slowenien.
    • Hier Werden 24 Unterzeichnerstaaten Genannt, die so Optiert Haben
    • Anhang, I.D.1
  • 19
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  • 22
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    • Swedish firm wins energy charter treaty case against Republic of Latvia
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    • Luke Eric Peterson: Swedish firm wins Energy Charter Treaty case against Republic of Latvia, in: Investment Law and Sustainable Development Weekly News Bulletin (im folgenden genannt: ILSDWNB), International Institute for Sustainable Development (USD), 19.12.2003; 〈www.iisd.org/pdf/2003/ investment_investsd_dec19_2003.pdf〉.
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    • 28.11
    • Luke Eric Peterson: Stockholm arbitrators expected to rule soon on Energy Charter Treaty arbitration, in: ILSDWNB, 28.11.2003; 〈www.iisd.org/pdf/ 2003/investment_investsd_nov28_2003.pdf〉.
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    • 5.9
    • Luke Eric Peterson: New ICSID cases registered against Argentina and Bulgaria, in: ILSDWNB, 5.9.2003; 〈www.iisd.org/pdf/2003/ investment_investsd_sep5_2003.pdf〉.
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    • Ibid. Ebd.
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  • 26
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    • Croatian power company claims 700m dollars for share in Krsko plant
    • 27.1
    • HINA News Agency, Zagreb: Croatian Power Company Claims 700m Dollars for Share in Krsko Plant, in: BBC Monitoring, 27.1.2003.
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    • Croatian premier interviewed for state radio
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    • Croatian Premier Interviewed for State Radio, in: BBC Monitoring, 12.3.2003.
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    • 18.8
    • Government of the Republic of Croatia, Government Weekly, 18.8.2003; 〈www.vlada.hr〉. - Luke Eric Peterson: Dispute over Slovenian Nuclear Plant Sees Political Progress; but Investor Arbitration Still Possible, in: ILSDWNB, 14.3.2003; 〈www.iisd.org/pdf/2003/investment_investsd_march_2003. pdf〉.
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    • Dispute over Slovenian nuclear plant sees political progress; but investor arbitration still possible
    • 14.3.
    • Government of the Republic of Croatia, Government Weekly, 18.8.2003; 〈www.vlada.hr〉. - Luke Eric Peterson: Dispute over Slovenian Nuclear Plant Sees Political Progress; but Investor Arbitration Still Possible, in: ILSDWNB, 14.3.2003; 〈www.iisd.org/pdf/2003/investment_investsd_march_2003. pdf〉.
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    • Slovakia poised to take legal action against ruhrgas
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    • Commission of the European Communities (EC) decision, Case No. COMP/M.2791. - Slovakia Poised to Take Legal Action Against Ruhrgas, in: Europe Energy, 23.1.2004.
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    • Slovakia poised to take legal action against ruhrgas
    • Ibid. Ebd.
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    • Art. 7 ECV
    • Art. 7 ECV.
  • 35
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    • Art. 7 (1) ECV. - Art. V GATT (1947)
    • Art. 7 (1) ECV. - Art. V GATT (1947).
  • 36
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    • Art. 7 (2), (4), (5), (8) und (9) ECV
    • Art. 7 (2), (4), (5), (8) und (9) ECV.
  • 37
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    • Art. 7 (5) ECV
    • Art. 7 (5) ECV.
  • 38
    • 85008670581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Art. 7 (9) ECV
    • Art. 7 (9) ECV.
  • 39
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    • Art. 7 (4) ECV
    • Art. 7 (4) ECV.
  • 40
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    • Art. 7 (5) ECV
    • Art. 7 (5) ECV.
  • 41
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    • Art. 7 (3) ECV
    • Art. 7 (3) ECV.
  • 43
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    • 16.6
    • ECS Presseerklärung: Green Light for Resumption of Energy Transit Talks, 16.6.2004 〈www.encharter.org//upload/9/ 180276177437018007514012398755877073751515539173f2289v3.pdf〉.
    • (2004) Green Light for Resumption of Energy Transit Talks
  • 44
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    • [Fn. 38], Art. 8.1 and 8.2
    • ECS, Draft Transit Protocol [Fn. 38], Art. 8.1 and 8.2.
    • Draft Transit Protocol
  • 45
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    • Art. 7 (6) ECV
    • Art. 7 (6) ECV.
  • 46
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    • Art. 7 (7) ECV
    • Art. 7 (7) ECV.
  • 47
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    • Art. 7 (6) ECV
    • Art. 7 (6) ECV.
  • 48
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    • Art. 7 (a) und (b) ECV
    • Art. 7 (a) und (b) ECV.
  • 49
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    • Art. 7 (c) ECV
    • Art. 7 (c) ECV.
  • 51
    • 85008699766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moscow asked to explain suspension of gas supply to Belarus
    • 20.2 Pressekonferenz von Aleksandr Ryzanov, stv. Vorstandsvorsitzender von Gazprom, 2004
    • EU/Russia: Moscow Asked to Explain Suspension of Gas Supply to Belarus, in: Europe Energy, 20.2.2004. - Pressekonferenz von Aleksandr Ryzanov, stv. Vorstandsvorsitzender von Gazprom, 2004; 〈www.gazprom.ru/eng/print/ articles/article10957.shtml〉.
    • (2004) Europe Energy
  • 53
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    • April Ukraine (September 2003), Rußland (Mai 2004) und Kaspische Region (August 2003);
    • EIA: Country Analysis Briefs on World Oil Transit Chokepoints (April 2004), Ukraine (September 2003), Rußland (Mai 2004) und Kaspische Region (August 2003); 〈www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/contents.html〉.
    • (2004) Country Analysis Briefs on World Oil Transit Chokepoints
  • 54
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    • Art. 6 (1) und (2) ECV
    • Art. 6 (1) und (2) ECV.
  • 55
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    • Art. 6 (4), (5) und (6) ECV
    • Art. 6 (4), (5) und (6) ECV.
  • 56
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    • Art. 18(1), (2) und (3) ECV
    • Art. 18(1), (2) und (3) ECV.
  • 57
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    • Art. 27 (2) ECV
    • Art. 27 (2) ECV.
  • 58
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    • note
    • Art. 6 (5) ECV. Die Schlußakte erklärt, daß zur Durchsetzung Aktionen "aufgrund des Wett-bewerbsrecht einer Vertragspartei mittels Untersuchung, rechtlicher Schritte oder Verwaltungsakte" genauso gehören wie "mittels Entscheidungen oder anderer Gesetze, die eine Autorisierung gewähren oder weiterführen"; siehe Paragraph IV.7 (b).
  • 59
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    • Art. 6 (5) ECV
    • Art. 6 (5) ECV.
  • 60
    • 85008607744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Art. 6 (7) ECV
    • Art. 6 (7) ECV.
  • 61
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    • Art. 6 (7) ECV
    • Art. 6 (7) ECV.
  • 64
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    • The making of competitive electricity markets in Europe: No single way and no "single market"
    • Jean-Michel Glachant, Dominique Finon (eds.): Cheltenham
    • Jean-Michel Glachant: The making of competitive electricity markets in Europe: no single way and no "single market", in: Jean-Michel Glachant, Dominique Finon (eds.): Competition in European Electricity Markets: A Cross-country Comparison. Cheltenham 2003, S. 7-39.
    • (2003) Competition in European Electricity Markets: A Cross-country Comparison , pp. 7-39
    • Glachant, J.-M.1
  • 65
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    • Juni (submission of the Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic)
    • International Competition Network, Advocacy Working Group: Report prepared by the subgroup no. 3: case studies. Juni 2003, S. 39-41 (submission of the Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic). - Thomas W. Walde, Christian von Hirschhausen: Regulatory Reform in the Energy Industry of Post-Soviet Countries: The Third Way?, in: Thomas W. Walde et al. (Hg.): Making Development Work: Legislative Reform for Institutional Transformation and Good Governance. The Hague 1999, S. 97-113.
    • (2003) Report Prepared by the Subgroup No. 3: Case Studies , pp. 39-41
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    • Regulatory reform in the energy industry of post-Soviet countries: The third way?
    • Thomas W. Walde et al. (Hg.): The Hague
    • International Competition Network, Advocacy Working Group: Report prepared by the subgroup no. 3: case studies. Juni 2003, S. 39-41 (submission of the Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic). - Thomas W. Walde, Christian von Hirschhausen: Regulatory Reform in the Energy Industry of Post-Soviet Countries: The Third Way?, in: Thomas W. Walde et al. (Hg.): Making Development Work: Legislative Reform for Institutional Transformation and Good Governance. The Hague 1999, S. 97-113.
    • (1999) Making Development Work: Legislative Reform for Institutional Transformation and Good Governance , pp. 97-113
    • Walde, T.W.1    Von Hirschhausen, C.2
  • 67
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    • Introducing EU competition law and policy in central and Eastern Europe: Requirements in theory and problems in practice
    • Frank Emmert: Introducing EU Competition Law and Policy in Central and Eastern Europe: Requirements in Theory and Problems in Practice, in: Fordham International Law Journal, 27/2004, S. 642-678.
    • (2004) Fordham International Law Journal , vol.27 , pp. 642-678
    • Emmert, F.1
  • 68
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    • Council Regulation 1/2003, O.J. L 1/1, 2002, Art. 3, 5 und 6
    • Council Regulation 1/2003, O.J. L 1/1, 2002, Art. 3, 5 und 6.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.